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Notice that in Table 2 the numbers do not really say anything/ they are not analyzed but just presented side by side with all of the other materials tested. This is correct for this section because it is just meant to provide the information and point out whether or not it supported their experimental hypothesis; later it will be analyzed in the conclusion sections

Most of the language is specialized and requires back ground knowledge of chemistry (ex. molarity) and even math and engineering with the math equations and ratios used. Although the people reading the article may not know the newer molecules the research is done on, they may be at least familiar with the general type of them because of background in their scientific field. The primary audience is scientists and polymer and material researchers because the article is about polymer and material research.

One reason I know this is credible is because it follows all the protocol of a scientific report. Follow this link for a step-by-step guide https://www.matrix.edu.au/how-to-write-a-scientific-report/

The purpose of this article is to present new findings in the innovation of packaging with renewable alternatives for PET. This is made clear by things such as the title, the use of the scientific method in setting up the research paper, and even these two sentences saying why people need to switch to renewables.

https://omnexus.specialchem.com/selection-guide/polyethylene-furanoate-pef-bioplastic#:~:text=PEF%20%2D%20Polyethylene%20Furanoate%3F-,What%20is%20PEF%20%2D%20Polyethylene%20Furanoate%3F,(sugars)%20derived%20from%20plants. Follow this link to find out more about what this is.

Scheme 1 serves as an illustration to provide information about how biomass is broken down into the different molecules presented in the experiment. Thus, it provides a visual explanation perfect for anyone, including scientists, to see exactly how the end product was made, especially since there are so many molecules. They also colored-coded it to help differentiate between different types of things.

If you click on any of the author's names, it will send you to a page of many other articles they have published. The asterisk sends you directly to the full list of the author's information. There is also a link at the end which will provide a way to get the authors' full contact information.

This article is published by the American Chemical Society in the Journal of Applied Polymer Materials, one of their 65 peer-reviewed journals. The Journal of Applied Polymer Material's editor-in-chief is Kirk E.Schanze. who is currently is the University of Texas Chemistry Department Chair. In 1983 he got his Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and has co-authored and authored over 300 scientific articles and is still currently doing research in materials chemistry. The journal itsef is focused on, “... reports of new and original experimental and theoretical research of an applied nature that integrates fundamental knowledge in the areas of materials, engineering, physics, bioscience, polymer science and chemistry into important polymer applications,” (“ACS Applied Polymer Materials - American Chemical Society.”). ACS, the publisher, is the leading publisher of scientific material and is a non-profit organization.

Another way the paper exhibits credibility is correctly citing their sources in APA format, the correct style for scientific articles. There are 42 articles referenced in the article to back up their research and findings. Each one has a corresponding number next to it and within the body of the paper that links the citation to the place referenced. Check out this link for more information about APA citation https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html

All three authors are part of research units of either chemistry or fiber and particle engineering which makes sense because the article is about making a new material which has to do with engineering and chemistry. All three authors are from the University of Oulu in Finland (https://www.oulu.fi/en ), one of the largest universities in Finland. It specializes in science with a focus on research. It should also be noted that more author contact information can be found by following the link provided. If you follow the link next to the green dot under the author's name, it will take you to a page with all of their education, research, and other qualifications, it is called the ORCID iD and is part of correct APA citation. https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/apa_style/apa_formatting_and_style_guide/general_format.html

Here is one example of a in-text citation in the article referencing the list of them at the end of the article. If you click on the number, it brings you to the corresponding article.

The purpose of this article is to present new findings about biobased polymers. I know this because it not only says this but it also explains the entire experiment, then what it means, and why this should be done like in many scientific papers.

Many times, scientists and engineers have to study math and physics in school to be able to apply it to problems, kinetics is a branch of physics. The equations are presented so that other researchers can understand what numbers mean what and the equations could be applied to replications of this experiment and research.

This is one of the main properties the article is trying to research and it is important to know the relationship the ratio can create to understand the article. By providing a definition, the researchers were able to make sure everyone was able to understand better which is what the introduction is mainly there to do.

In many places, there are abbreviations for different molecules and compounds. This mainly serves to shorten the word as it will have to be repeated a bunch of times but also people, like materials scientists, would probably be familiar with these substances of the type of substance as these are fairly specific substances. This, paired with the article being in the Journal of Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering and being about the research of a new material, makes it clear that scientists in an engineering or chemical field are the main audience.

Throughout, the article uses large and colorful diagrams like this one, labeled figure 2. It also showcases a chart with the specific numbers used in the research. By pairing the chart and illustration, anyone can make some more sense of what has happened. Also the illustrations have been strategically placed in the text so that the words surrounding them explain the experiment. Since this is new research, even scientists and field professionals may need a visual of a new process or the reaction happening to fully grasp the concept.

Notice that each number correlates to a citation and if clicked on will bring you to the highlighted citation in the bibliography. This proves the authors correctly cited and used their resources to provide accurate and credible information.

https://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-alicyclic-and-vs-aromatic-compounds/#:~:text=Aliphatic%20compounds%20have%20single%20or,but%20the%20bonds%20are%20delocalized. This tells about what these are.

This nicely sums up why FDCA is useful over the PA; because it often gives a higher glass transition temperature and strength because the furan blocks hold a big place in the monomers for condensation polymers. Other advantages are: * lower aromatic content creating less black smoke when it is burned and better biocompatibility * a better barrier against oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water vapor

https://bioplasticsnews.com/furandicarboxylic-acid-fdca/#:~:text=2%2C5%2DFurandicarboxylic%20acid%20(,for%20producing%20bio%2Dbased%20products. Follow the link to find out more about this and why it useful in a more broken down way.

I used this quote in my annotated bibliography and it really sums up what the article is about in an easier to understand way.

Follow this link to better understand what these are and what they do. https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/polymers/Unsaturated_Polyester.aspx

In summary, thermoset resins are used in making fiber reinforced polymers and past research wanted to increase the unsaturated polyester while decreasing the styrene content. To decrease the toxicity, the chemicals must be diluted in a "bio- or less toxic counterpart". The healthier UP resins are dissolved in greener vinyl reactive monomers which have been seen as renewable building blocks. All the while a balance between aliphatic, aromatic, and cyclic compounds must be good to retain or improve upon the mechanical properties of it.

This article references 65 more articles to support it, thus making the works cited span two pages. Some articles, especially if published by ACS, can be accessed by hovering over the title until it lights up and then the link will go to the page of the article so someone can read it. All are cited in APA, the correct style of a scientific journal.

Another note of the credibility of the work is that is was the funding was provide through doctoral grants and that the authors have no other financial interests to be biased towards. The FTC stands for Funding for Science and Technology through the 2017 EcoComposite project and doctoral grant.

This free and extra information is readily available and expands on the topic of the kinetics of polycondensation, tensile tests, biobased content, and more. The article helps to further explain the reactions and equations used. It makes some procedures even clearer and even gives a picture of the equipment used to carry out the experiment, This shows the authors wanted to make an extremely clear picture that they even gave more information than what was strictly needed in the article.

Above, is the publisher and journal title of the article. ACS, the American Chemical Society, is the publisher of the article. It is a nonprofit professional organization that is for chemists and publishes over 65 journals as it is the leading publisher of scientific knowledge. The article is from the second most current edition of the *Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering * published on February 23,2023. The editor-in-chief of the journal, David Allen, Ph.D. is chair of Chemical Engineering at his university and has won many awards and published over 200 of his own research papers.

All of these authors are listed directly on the front page of the article. Here, each author's contact information, education, and job. All of them are based out of Lisbon, Portugal and specialize in some form of sustainable research or chemistry, in which this article deals with.