The logic behind Operation Blockade was straightforward. Placing height-ened security in and around the downtown urban port of entry in El Paso would force undocumented migrants to attempt crossings in more rural areas that were easier for law enforcement to monitor.
Yes, easier to monitor and at the same time there's no one watching them, no one to held them accountable if they did anything wrong. They are the only witnesses and can make up story however they wanted.
n addition to funneling traffic away from downtown, this strategy also made migration less visible and created a scenario in which the policing of undocumented people occurred in areas with few witnesses.
Is this scary? Occurred in areas with few witnesses means that the officers will have unlimited power and no one is going to accuse the officer if he or she did anything wrong.
Reyes was brought in during a moment of crisis when a series of law-suits and claims of human rights violations had been brought against the Bor-der Patrol in the region.
I'm surprised that those law suits are actually happening, because in reality those border patrol agent have unlimited power over immigrants, because once the immigrant are send back, they have zero chance to make a complain, no one is going to hold the officers accountable.
f the men’s bathroom that had been produced by the US Department of Homeland Security. In Spanish the flier warned, “The next time you try to cross the border without documents you could end up a victim of the desert.” This line was accompanied by a pathetic cartoon drawing of a saguaro cactus
I think is is sad. Humans should be treat equally, not just based on their nationality. A human from another country just don't have an ID does mean that's not a human.
As we start to walk away from this death site, I notice something on the ground. Crouching down, I pick up a piece of bone smaller than my fingernail. It immediately crumbles to dust. I try to hand it to Bob, and an unexpected breeze passes through and blows many of the particles off my hand. I scrape what I can from my finger and sprinkle it into the bag.
I think this is the great part. Because De Leon has worried about that this is going to be all about his experience. But we do need this kind to detail to understand how he might feel at the time, then we will have our emotion too. Because a data sheet is never going to tell the emotion behind it.
Roxanne Doty has pointed out that the US-Mexico border forms an exem-plary space of exception where those seeking to enter the country without permission are often reduced to bare life—individuals whose deaths are of lit-tle consequence—by border policies that do not recognize the rights of unau-thorized migrants.9
I think the police does not care what happens in the desert just because those people are from another country so they don't have to feel like there a duty on them.
prevention through deterrence.27I’m not condoning deaths or anything, and I do think it’s cruel to let a human being die in pain, but in a way isn’t it better? I mean after all some of these people are risking their lives because there are nothing better [sic] back home, and if they die on the way, at least they end their sufferings [sic].4
It make me sad to see people thinking like this, and I think this is also the reason why we need more people to understand the intention behind immigrants.
The fact of the matter is that although this is a crime scene, few people actually care or want to know what has happened here. For many Americans, this person—whose remains are so ravaged that his or her sex is unknown—is (was) an “illegal,” a noncitizen who broke US law and faced the consequences
I felt so sad when reading this, because they are human who simply desires a better life. But they did get treat like a human just because of their nationality.
My essay has described a recollection process in which the past is whittled down until it fits into a handy image most flatter- ing to those who rule the present. Have I told you anything you did not know? We all assume that history is written by the win- ners. And yet, regardless of our cynical acceptance of that fact, we find it difficult to disbelieve the winners' sto
Again - this is interesting to me because it's important to know that history are written by winners, and they could hide things that they don't want people to know if they want.
In public memory, the present rules over the past. In every generation, those in positions of authority decide which of the names and events that preceded them are worthy of remem- brance
I find this interesting because what are being remembered sometimes isn't really the things that worth to remember, but the people in power want us to, and on the other hand, they can intentionally let us forgot about something too.
mericans are more likely to trust museums than books, with almost 80% reporting a high degree of trust in museums, while only 32% placed an equal amount of trust in nonfiction books; 56% of Americans reported feeling "connected to the past" when visiting museums and historic sites, compared with the 40% who felt so connected while reading a book
This is interesting and I felt the same, even while I know that books many times holds more information and is more verifiable source, I still felt that museums gives the feeling of connected to history, which is much stronger than reading a book.
usic. Performers authenticate their experiences through the use of a southern accent, rural linguistic patterns, and a history of manual labor; obvious education is a disqualifying factor (P
From my personal perspective as an international student, I felt like that the country music and the jazz music are the most "American" music too me.
Because the concern with gender is funda-mentally a concern with power, it is necessary to see power for what it really is,and, perhaps more important, what it really isn’t.
I would agree with this, because it is the fact that it's about power, but it's not all about the power, and not just the power.
On the one hand, a woman is a sister, daughter,wife, and mother, a social person whose power and presence depend on thewhole range of idiosyncratic factors—age, education, social class, ethnicity,and so on. On the other hand, the depersonalized female body is the subjectof intense and ever-present sexualization
That is horrible because even they see woman as sister, daughter, and mothers, but they will still depersonalized famale.
My understanding of gender equality was in-formed by both American civil rights law—via a stop for law school in themid-1990s—and the history of international human rights work in Boliviaagainst gender violence in the late 1990s. Interestingly, both of these bodiesof norms emphasize what is described in the United States as “formal,” ratherthan “substantive,” equality;
It's interesting to see how people under different culture background has different definition of these terms,
First, there were the variations on the narrative that structures relations be-tween men and women across the two hundred hamlets in Alonso de Ibañez.These are complicated enough, because gender relations in the province havebeen the target of intense discursive intervention for centuries (even if thesewere not treatedas“gender” relations until only recently).
I think these are complicated because of there are too many culture differences.
Not only does this fact addto the challenges of finding suitable land to grow crops, but it also increasesthe chances of flooding and other related damage during the rainy season.
Seems like a circle of getting worse.
Bolivia is divided into nine departments, which are further subdivided intoprovinces, sections of provinces, and, finally, cantons. Bolivia’s nine depart-ments, however, map more than simply square kilometers or land distribution;
I think the wide spread of small units in the Bolivia society has made it particularly hard to study. But it also made it great to study because of the different historical, ethnic, agricultural and political characteristics.
"Nature hath made allmen... equall" (1991:86). This idea, of course, contrasted with the medieval Chris-tian notion that all men, while perhaps equal as souls before God, were accordeddifferent social statuses, with different legally enforced rights and privileges, in ahierarchically ordered society.
I found this interesting and was thinking about the time I learned about that "all men are created equal" in the declaration of independence does not include women and black people. How is that "all"?
Studies of identity politics have often overlooked the role of bourgeois law in elicit-ing and confirming people's experience of themselves as persons with inherent qual-ities that they have a right to express.
I am still confused by this, how is it overlooked? After finish the reading, I think bourgeois law is an important factor to consider.
By using the language of narrative, we wish to underscore the point thatstories do more than simply reflect or express existing structures andideologies. Through their telling, people’s stories help constitute whateverhegemony may in turn shape social lives and conduct.
I think this is a great way to doing researches. It can reveal how people really think.
These accounts describe how legal actors respond to particular situationsand demands for service, rather than follow universal principles.
I think this is very important, as there are many factors will contribute, and things will not stay unchanged for all the time.
It would be easy to conclude that criminal justice will never be 'fair' until thepolice are subject to more restrictive rules and until a body is created with boththe powers and resources to re-investigate as many cases as it wished.
33 years later and the problem is still waiting to be fixed. I think we should start to think about the purpose of why we need the police, should we take back some of the power that should not belong to them in the first place?
justifytheir decisions to their superiors;
This is important. Because the motion behind everything should be trying to find the truth, help to upheld justice.
Just as a case is not a simple summary of an incident, so prosecution files arenot simply factual dossiers.
The autopsy results for George Floyd was also believed to be not accrue, people has losing their trust on the police.
This is an example of the police relying on confession evidence because it iseasy for them, rather than because they need to do so.
And it's also the reason why people are afraid of the police, they can make you admit things just because they can make you into a series of trouble if they want to.
"once a police officer is satisfied that he knows who is the guilty party, hismain concern is likely to lie in assembling a case that has good prospects ofstanding up in court." 1
This is totally true but yes, many police officer will deny it. They are making the cases based on what they believed, and it happens a lot during the law enforcement process too, they make assumption based on their own thoughts but not facts.
to re-create the totality of'what happened': "The search for truth is replaced by a contest betweencaricatures. Advocacy is not by definition about 'truth' or 'reality', or a questfor them, but about arguing a case."
That is especially hard today even with advanced technologies, for example, I still read the news of how police officers are turning off their body camera in some interactions and claiming the camera was broken to hide what really happned.
Thiscampaignwasclearlymotivatedbya desiretoreducecompetitivepressureratherthantoraisethelevelofquality,sincethedatathatexisted(froma 1909studyofUniversityofChicagolawstudents)showedno effect ofcollegeattendanceonlawschoolperformance(Abel 1989:47).
I have never think that was true! I think the doctors did the same but never thought about lawyers.
Questionsalsoariseaboutwhatitmeansto"practicelaw":Whatkindsoftasksarereservedforpeoplewhomanagetogainthetitleof"lawyer"?Howaretheboundariesoftheprofessionset?Whatdolawyersdowhentheypracticelaw?
I think this is a very good question that I have not been able to answer since freshmen year, because the answer that I gave to myself is always changing.
Addressing the end of the pipeline, the latestavailable data (which may slightly understate the numbers of minorities in thelegal profession) documents that the total number of all minorities in the legalprofession is 56,504 of 747,077 lawyers or 7.56% of all lawyers in 1990."° Ofthat number, 25,670 (3.44%) of all lawyers were African-American; 18,612(2.49%) were Hispanic; 10,720 (1.43%) were Asian Ameriean; and 1502(0.20%) were Native American.'*
A much less percentage comparing to the entire population, and this is definitely a sign that the system isn't working.
whites—would possess more of one biological attribute, say intelligence, thananother socially constructed group like African-Americans.
Because they want to. They want everyone to believe that there's a gap of intelligence between different races so they can take advantage of others.
I will demonstrate that once members of theseunderrepresented groups sit for the LSAT, deeisions made after receiving theirLSAT score significantly impact whether that individual will matriculate at alaw school and begin their sojourn to become a member of the legal profession.In other words, even though members of underrepresented minority groups donot score as well as whites on the LSAT,'° that score seale differential is notdispositive with respeet to ultimate matriculation at a law school. I demonstratethat the choices made by the applicant about where to apply to law school,coupled with the misuse of the LSAT by the end users (the law schools),
This is an interesting theory. I wonder what are other important factors when making decision? Because it's not going to be shown on the data chart.
he careers that women lawyers are pursuing in government and in corporate counsel offices are often socially and personally meaningful. Yet, until women gain parity with men in the partnerships of law firms, they will remain at a distinct disadvantage in terms of income, status, and power within a high-income, high-status, and relatively powerftil profession
I think this is what worth out fighting for. Not just in the legal system but in all job markets.
A peculiar configuration of the legal complex became implicated in the construction of a rule of law regime by colonial administrators, but without political democracy
Not anymore. Given the paper was written in 2007, I think the information is extremely outdated.
Across the world political liberalism is being fought for, consolidated and defended. In reaction to formerly one-party or developmental states (eg, Indonesia, Taiwan, South Korea), 'Big Man' authoritarian regimes (eg, Kenya), former and current communist regimes in central and eastern Europe and Asia (eg, China), and former military dictatorships in Latin America (eg, Brazil, Chile and Argentina), internal and external sponsors of change are vigorously advocating a liberal model of politics. Everywhere, it seems, the fate of political liberalism is at stake.
Before we fight for "political liberalism" it is very important to understand what is it, and is it worth to fight for?
In 2001, China’s highest legislative body passed much-awaitedamendments to the Marriage Law. The revised law reiterated the principle ofequality between women and men in marriage and family life
But the law stayed as it is, it did not actually work until 10 years later when they publish a new guideline to lower courts. Until then, there are barely any changes.
Theselaw practitioners, also known as basic-level legal workers (jiceng falügongzuozhe), make a living by handling rural residents’ legal problems
They are more likely, or close to social workers -- usually without any funding, like volunteers, but they problem that they have to deal with is no less than law professionals.
It was only in the early 1930s that Chinese law, for the first time, grantedwomen and men nearly equal rights to divorce (Huang 2001)
And the reality isn't quite following up with the law, the problem is still there until the past two decades in China. It would take a lot more effort than just changing the law.
suit-filing stage—a critical stepthrough which women’s grievances and rights are to be transformed intoformal claims
I think a lot people's motivation died in this stage, because it requires too much effort and people will just give up.
A mobile home ran into the state bus and the bus fl ipped over. I fractured my collarbone, injured my spine, broke two of my teeth right here. . . . They were supposed to take me to the hospital. Instead they cut us out of the bus and just transported us on another bus. And then we came here and then still didn’t get seen by medical for like another two weeks. . . . They had me sit-ting here for like a whole two weeks after knowing that I was injured. You could see my bone up here, my collarbone. I couldn’t bend over. My lip was slit right here.
Unbelievable this is happening in the U.S., there's no reason for them to not receive medical attention in this situtaiton.
A surprising number of these prisoners (44.2 percent) told us at fi rst that they were doing well (e.g., “I get along just fi ne,” “Goin’ cool,” “All right,” “It’s goin’ good,” “It goes well for me”); some (17.4 percent) even said they were doing very well (“Can’t get no better”). Early in the interview, we asked them if there were things in prison that were particularly bothersome to them. This may seem like a peculiar question to ask of people who are deprived of their liberty in conditions that courts have declared to be cruel and unusual, but some of these men (17.6 percent) initially told us they had “no problems” and nothing was bothersome.Over the course of our conversations, however, virtually all of them (96.2 percent) talked of problems, with over sixty specifi c issues men-tioned.
Another example of how they live in fears of retaliates, even they have problems but most of them aren't willing to tell.
Many of the men we interviewed expressed self-blame for their incarceration, and most of them reported that corrections offi cials retaliate against those who fi le grievances.
I think this is a huge problem. They are in a position that are in fears of others when they are treaded unfairly. If there's anything happen to them they suppose to have the right to report, and not to fear about others retaliates.
the conformity of today’s opinion with the original mean-ing of the First A mendment.
I would disagree with that. Because I think the law is a living document, as time passing by, the meaning and the effects will change.
Corruption-free government was the cry following the Watergate scandal in 1972.
But it's still sadly unaccomplished, there's too many interest groups around the government, most importantly, it is our system that allowed all these corruption to happen, if we want changes, we need to change the base of the system.
In other words, the fact that you may honestly believe that you are not biased against African Americans, and that you may even have black friends or relatives, does not mean that you are free from unconscious bias.
Yes, this is very important. Unconscious bias are the one that hurts the most.
A survey was conducted in 1995 asking the following question: “Would you close your eyes for a second, envision a drug user, and describe that per-son to me?” The startling results were published in the Journal of Alcohol and Drug Education.
This is interesting. All I can pictured was a skinny white male -- the one looks like in the GTA game.
n 2002, for example, there were 19.5 million illicit drug users, compared to 1.5 million drug arrests and 175,000 people admitted to prison for a drug offense.27
This number is insane. America is the largest drug consuming country and people seems not care about it. The law enforcement helped nothing.