Lyotard explains the language game so simply here. Because the Dean, a person in power and has authority, makes a statement like "the University is open" it is no longer something that can be altered. This is an example that you have to have authority to make a statement that people follow and respect. It also shows that someone with authority can make a statement even if it is not true and people will still believe it as the truth.

Townes makes a good point here because she is saying that in the process of us trying to cover up what we have done in the past, the creation the figure of Aunt Jemima, we now realize that was wrong and we blame it on society instead of taking the blame for ourselves.

Nietzsche's brings up the fact that Plato has this idea in his philosophy that is more connected to Socrates than Plato himself. This idea is that evil is something that is done without the knowledge of it happening. Someone who commits an evil crime doesn't know that what they are doing is evil, something inside their head is obviously telling them that it is right or else they wouldn't do it. Just as no one desires to injure themselves, no one likes to admit that what they have done is wrong. Nietzsche then says that removing the evil man from the error he has created makes him "good" again. I take this as him saying that all people have good in them and it is the bad influences around them that taint their good inside and technically make them bad. If you have the power to get rid of the bad then you are left with once again a good person, but there is nothing that you can do to guarantee that they wont take part in evil again.

Here Nietzsche's is saying that to be a strong, independent person you have to be confident in your side of an argument even if that means you don't even listen to what the other person says. This can be quite controversial because people that aren't open to hear other sides can be labeled as rude, aggressive, or even stupid. To really learn about a subject you must have an open mind to opinions that might counter your own.

Lyotard is saying that through this new technology the industries are creating more and more products, making them compact and easier to access than ever before. He relates this to the creation of the transportation system and the media, both huge advancements for the human race to become a functional society built upon efficiency. Technology is such a huge impact on knowledge because, like all other advancements as well, it is influencing the way we learn and this learning cycle will always be continuous.