5 Matching Annotations
  1. Nov 2017
    1. It is hard work to listen to histories and traditions that have not been a part of dominant discourse. There are those (within and without the Black community) who respond to such revelations with guilt, shame, and anger. Rather than explore the emotion of a response, too often the rational impulse takes over, creating mincing yet deadly abstractions that result in refusing the invitation to justice and liberatory resistance.

      Here Townes implements the use of counter-history. Due to the parts of history that are not predominantly document or taught they are not taken into light. There is a mix of emotional reposes. Which many times are rational impulse. The defense is put up and it pushes away anyway of justice for those who's history is not dominate.

    2. This entrée may be imperative for these groups that have been, until recently, among the dispossessed. Yet too many of our postmodern conversations do not take us beyond reform movements to transformations of social systems and practices that model justice for all peoples and a respect for creation beyond human skin color and the violence that circumscribes our lives.

      The problem we are facing are the ways we try to conquer the problems we are having in society through reforms that practices a general justice, a model form of justice. Instead we should be making reforms that go beyond the race and violence that those who are dispossessed experience.

    3. The first is that knowledge claims are evaluated by experts who represent the viewpoints of the groups they represent. The second is that these experts must maintain their credibility with the group they represent. This makes knowledge claims deeply contextual. However, our awareness of this rich contextuality is often muted by assumptions of a kind of austere objectivity in which truth is pristine. What often emerges, none too subtlely, is the assumption that there is only one truth, one correct answer to the puzzle of the diversities that form us culturally, socially, and theologically.

      Becuase facts are officiate through authority and so called "experts", the legitimation our facts are very limited. Due to this there is assumption that there is only one right answer. However there is not only one answer especially to the ones that have formed us culturally, socially, and theologically.

  2. Oct 2017
    1. The first step: “a recognition of the heteromorphous nature of language games” Second step: consensus of rules in language games are local and subject to cancelation.

      To have legitimation by paralogy we must first start off by realizing the different forms of language games. There are many language games that differ from what we call the "normal." Second, when it come to paralogy language rules are secluded to one area or one group of people and can be at any point canceled by the paralogy of other language games.

    2. There is also an intrinsic erosion in the narrative of emancipation, but it differs from that of the speculative discourse; when science plays its own language game, it is incapable of others, such as prescriptions, and cannot legitimate itself. In postmodernity, there is a recognition of multiple language games and a sense of “splintering,” and nobody can speak all the distinct discourses, and no universal metalanguage can join them.

      Social bonds are what help legitimatize language games. However, language games are so different that no one can understand all of them. The different language games are the reasons for delegitimization. For example, the language game of science and religion are so different they cancel each other out.