22 Matching Annotations
  1. Aug 2023
    1. We created a dataset of 98 Native American objects across the collections of three institutions (Amherst, Vassar, and Williams College). For the 86 museum objects, we acquired exports of the most recent museum datasets and selected the objects that are labeled in maker culture as Native American. We then manually assigned coordinates to specific tribes in maker culture to ensure accuracy. For the 12 archive objects, we used a subset of each institution’s collection of Native American objects, compiled all of their metadata into a text file, ran the Named Entity Recognition function on Recogito and extracted geography-related words, then geocoded these words to assign them coordinates for mapping. The goal of visualizing this dataset in Tableau is to perform an institutional comparison on the accession, documentation, and locations associated with the Native American objects in collections. Through our visualizations, we hope to reveal trends, provide a reflective analysis of our institutional history, and investigate the roles our colleges play in promoting equity.

      I really like how yor group geocoded each object and visualized the dataset in Tableau. I would like to see more interpretation as to the focus region for each institution because I am just really curious about how museums decide to purchase an object and build collections.

      Another question I have is why you had to manually assign coordinates for the 86 museum objects instead of using Recognito like you did for the 12 archive objects.

    1. Along with this, the word “handicapped” is nowhere to be seen, with more progressive language taking a foothold in these documents. However, these papers are particularly future-oriented, talking of plans, organization, and “new” additions;

      I really like this analysis. Your group aptly points out both a change in language over time and the lack of tangible change on campus. I think it might be interesting to do a closer analysis of the documented sources and track if the "plans" have actually been implemented. Lastly, one overall feedback of mine if that it would have been better if your analysis had come right after the visualizations. Because they are separated into two sections, it is a bit difficult to see the direct relation between them.

  2. Jul 2023
    1. Sample 1: All Miscellany News articles referencing “accessibility.” 1970-79 (Six articles)

      It is interesting that the word "handicapped" was used most frequenty, instead of terms like "disabled" or "with disabilites." It seems like "handicapped" was considered the most appropriate language in the political climate of the 1970s. You might want to use the Trends tool on Voyant to see how the use of these different terms changed over time.

    1. The box graph plots data from 2020 based on the percentage of women enrolled in different sized colleges. The pie charts also look at data from 2020, displaying the varying percentages of different racial backgrounds to different sized colleges.

      I have several questions on this part. Why did you choose to use data from 2020 in particular? What tool you used to create this box graph? Why does the size of colleges matter when we discuss co-education? What kind of correlation do you expect to see between the racial makeup and gender makeup of colleges?

    1. Regarding software, we plan to use Voyant for textual analysis in order to visualize trends within the literature we’ve cobbled together.

      I can definitely see how digital mapping is relevant to this project but cannot really imagine how Voyant will fit into the picture. What kinds of texts are you exactly planning to analyze, using Voyant? You could look at how student publications of Vassar and Hamilton have addressed concepts like accessibility and disability after ADA came into effect, but I am not sure if there will be enough documents to analyze because, as mentioned in this pitch, students with accessibility needs are highly underrepresented.

    1. What was Jasper Parrish’s role in the power struggle between the Native American Tribes and the United States government? Which tribes did he interact with, and who were the tribes’ representatives? Was Parrish a mediator? Was he an impartial interpreter or was he inclined to a side? Parrish was kidnapped and raised by the Munsee for seven years, and by the time he returned to his own family, he had lost his knowledge of English – did his upbringing affect his perspective and decision-making as an adult?

      I think your group did a great job narrowing down the scope of the project to the Jasper Parrish Papers, and these are all very interesting research questions. One thing I am curious about is how many scholars have written about Parrish. How is your group's analysis of Parrish's life and legacy distinct from existing literature on the same topic? (besides the digital mapping component)

    1. Neither Spread of U.S. Slavery nor Invasion of America uses language explicitly condemning slavery or imperialism, allowing the map’s usage by potentially racist and xenophobic visitors. The objective, socially-neoliberal portrayal of data without subjectivity perpetuates color-blind racism and allows bigotry to take root.

      I think this may be precisely because these maps are scholarly maps. Members of academia tend to avoid making a "subjective" or "biased" argument, especially regarding historial matters. On the other hand, non-scholarly maps created bottom-up through community engagement (such as the Anti-Eviction Mapping Project referenced in Data Feminism) can more explicitly call out injustices. I want to learn more about the ways in which we can complement the limitations of scholarly mapping projects.

    1. The AEMP analysis showed that, between 2011 and 2013, 69 percent of no-fault evictions occurred within four blocks of a tech bus stop. The map makes that finding plain.

      The Tech Bus Stop Eviction Map serves as powerful evidence to the case that tenant organizers are trying to make. I wonder what their goal was when they initiated this mapping project. Were they trying to show this to the decision-makers? To educate the public? Both? I think this is an important question because a compelling map based on accurate data does not always lead to solid policy changes.

    1. The terms “project” and “work” imply a focus on action, effort, or creative endeavors. These terms suggest that the book addresses the importance of meaningful work, self-expression, or the process of personal and spiritual development explained in “The Prophet” by Kahlil Gibran. Terms like “heart” suggest that the book delves into matters of emotion, passion, and the human experience. It could point to discussions about love, compassion, or the depth of feeling that shapes our lives. The presence of “Gutenberg” is intriguing as it refers to Johannes Gutenberg, the inventor of the printing press. It implies that the book incorporates elements of communication, dissemination of knowledge, or the power of written words to inspire and transform. It is worth noting that the presence of these words suggests that themes related to personal growth, meaningful work, emotional depth, and the power of written communication may be explored within “The Prophet.”

      I can see that you did a very traditional kind of literary analysis except that you used Voyant to guide you. It is interesting that the themes of your book was quite accurately reflected in your text analysis result because that was not the case for me. I am curious if you cleaned your data or changed any settings on Voyant in any ways to arrive at this result.

    1. This discussion will not pretend to settle the complex and contentious debate about the existence of feminine writing and will make no global claims about gender theory. Rather, it will demonstrate that textual analysis can produce provocative results that point toward areas where more research is needed, and will argue that interesting results are the norm for such an analysis.

      This is such an important point. I think textual analysis should be always be a starting point and/or a tool for an interesting research, not the ultimate destination. I want to know more about how digital humanists formulate their research questions and how they balance quantitative & qualitative aspects of their research.

    1. Correlation among Artworks: A crucial element not yet included in the dataset is a ‘correlation’ field. This could group artworks that echo similar narratives or themes, fostering an understanding of interconnected histories and artistic parallels.

      I have not thought about this. It's a brilliant idea, considering that curators need to group artworks under a coherent theme/narrative in order to organize an exhibition. I wonder if museums like WCMA are already using tools like OpenRefine to keep track of and manage their collections of art in a structured manner.

  3. Jun 2023
    1. information studies

      I wonder why it says "information studies" instead of "Information Studies." Is it because the discipline in question here is interdisciplinary and flexible rather than having a series of set methods/issues? I am also curious about the relationship between information studies and data science. Do they overlap? Does one include the other?

    1. For each issue of the newspaper, a text view is included, which provides a plain-text version of the articles.

      This makes Hamilton's digital archive stand out among other archives that we examined for this week's blog. The plain text provided by the archive seemed pretty accurate. There were no errors or missing words. This is impressive because OCR technologies often have serious shortcomings when they are applied to historical documents/newspapers. I am curious what tool was used to harvest text from Woodhull and Claflin's Weekly.

    1. the categories of race employed on the US Federal Census

      As international student from Korea, I encountered race/ethnicity checkboxes for the first time while filling out my Common App. The Korean government (and higher education institutions) never collect such information because there is still a myth in Korean society that we are a "monoracial/monoethnic" country. Instead, people are usually classified as either a "Korean national" or a "foreigner." This perpetuate the myth I mentioned, erasing the lives of numerous people in Korea who do not neatly fit into those binary categories. Just like the title of this chapter, what gets counted counts (and also vice versa).

    2. The process of converting qualitative experience into data can be empowering, and even has the potential to be healing

      This statement makes me hopeful about the potential of data science. However, we need to remember the fact that conversting qualitative experience into data also has the risk of simplifying/objectifying that experience.

    1. By documenting these stories, Mahon exposes the system of power involved in the demolition of Africville, and can be examined under the framework of the matrix of domination proposed in Data Feminism. The matrix of domination looks at how structural, disciplinary, interpersonal, and hegemonic domains interplay in oppression. Structural — When making development plans for the demolition of Africville, the City of Halifax created a council. However, no residents of Africville were consulted or allowed to sit on this council. By doing so, they were silenced, unable to defend themselves from displacement. Disciplinary — Petitions from displaced Africville residents to take back ownership of the land were effectively ignored. Hegemonic — Articles during the development praise the razing of Africville, saying it could be used for something that could bring in tax dollars for the city. Interpersonal — The residents were forced to watch as one by one their neighbor’s homes were demolished by the city.

      I also wrote my blog on "Mapping Memories of Africville," but I only wrote about the structural domain and why it is relevant in the case of Africville. Reading your blog post helped me realize that Mahon's website actually addresses all four domains through different mediums. My question for you and myself is, "How can DH projects tackle, not just expose the matrix of domination (in this specific case of Africville)?"

    1. Those differences often produce significant tension, particularly between those who suggest that digital humanities should always be about making (whether making archives, tools, or new digital methods) and those who argue that it must expand to include interpreting.

      For some reason, the digital humanities projects I have seen till now (and the ones listed in Week 1 Blogging Instructions) were mostly creations. They were archives/tools used to present scholarly research to the public in an engaging, accessible, and interactive manner. So it is kind of difficult for me to imagine what it exactly is like to conduct "Digital Humanities research" (which is, at least in my opinion, different from conducting a research and then presenting them using tools of DH). I am excited to learn more through this course!

    2. humanities computing

      I am still a bit confused about the distinction between humanities computing and digital humanities. Are they fundmanetally different? Is it correct to say that Humanities Computing was focused on textual analysis whereas the scope and methods of Digital Humanities today are far more diverse? Or is the use of the term "Digital Humanities" simply a semantic change that was made to make the field of humanities computing sound more appealing for humanists?

    3. I’d initially decided to title them “What Is Digital Humanities?” But then I thought “What Is the Digital Humanities?” sounded better, and I stared at the screen for a minute trying to decide if it should be “What Are the Digital Humanities?”

      I was conflicted between the two terms too a few months ago. It is fascinating to realize that it is not just a matter of grammar but also a matter of how we define the boundaries of DH.

    1. “If we wanted to figure out if a customer is pregnant, even if she didn’t want us to know, can you do that?”70 He proceeded to synthesize customers’ purchasing histories with the timeline of those purchases to give each customer a so-called pregnancy prediction score

      The way data are being used against minoritized people's privacy and reproductive justice is deeply devastating. Target's pregnancy detection model reminded me of the way big tech companies monitor and restrict sex workers' online activity to avoid being held legally accountable for "facilitating" prostitution.

      In this article, Olivia Snow warns that the same kind of algorithms will begin to target those seeking abortions after Dobbs. However, when I looked up what the situation was like at this point, I could not really find a research/article elucidating Dobb's impact on people's digital privacy. I am planning to look into the topic more, but it seems pretty clear that we need more research in this area.

    2. privilege hazard.

      While privilege hazard is very real, I also believe that increasing the representation of minoritized groups in CS/tech alone is just the bare minimum of what we can do to achieve data justice. The same is true in the political sphere: while increasing the number of elected representatives who have historically underrepresented is important, we should also acknowledge the limits of identity politics.

    1. data-driven systems like redlining and risk assessment algorithms are not really objective at all.

      The term "imagined objectivity" reminded me of the South Asian history course I had taken last semester. We learned about how the British Empire used census data and its supposed objectivity in colonial India to pit different local groups against each other and establish hierarchies between them.

      One remaining question for me is whether we can call colonial India's census data "data" because, nowadays, we tend to think of "data" as something that is digitally produced/processed/analyzed using computers. But how about data that are produced/processed/analyzed in non-digital ways?