23 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2018
    1. The third line of research focuses on selective migration, or the hypothesis that people migrate to places that satisfy and reinforce their psychological needs. Recent research indicates that people who are creative and sociable are more likely to migrate than are people low on those traits [9,10], and that people who are agreeable are less inclined to move from their hometowns than people who are less friendly [23]. This work suggests that geographical differences in personality could emerge as a result of genetic drift.

      The third way that geography can have lasting affects on personality. People can move to localities where their personality traits better align.

    2. The first focuses on social influence. The basic idea is that the traditions, customs, lifestyles, and daily practices common to an area affect social norms, which in turn affect people’s attitudes and behaviors.

      This is a main point in how geography affects personality.

    3. Systematic comparisons of nation-level mean personality scores reveal considerable variability in each of the Big Five personality domains

      This shows that geography affects personality.

    1. Future research is needed to better understand the scale and impact of person-environment associations over time.

      What is the best way to conduct this research over time?

    2. Furthermore, results from large multilevel studies have shown that the psychological characteristics of individuals interact with features of the local environment to impact psychological development and well-being.

      Where people grow up is a huge indicator of the person they will become.

    3. Studies at multiple levels of analysis have indicated that social influence, ecological influence, and selective migration are key mechanisms that contribute to the spatial clustering of psychological characteristics.

      These key mechanisms are centered around the geography a person lives in.

    1. Just as personality shapes an individual, so it does society. Regions high in extroversion have more people in occupations like sales and nursing where social interaction is essential. Their residents are also more socially involved. Conscientiousness goes along with healthy behaviors, and tends to breed more computer scientists, who prefer "systematic and focused tasks and clearly defined rules," says Rentfrow. But there are more artists and entertainers in low-conscientiousness and high-openness places—as well as high patent production.

      People can be shaped by their environment, or they can move to places that support their own beliefs.

    2. personality predicts such important outcomes as health, job performance and academic success— things that we pretend are matters of conscious control or public policy

      It would be interesting to see what personalities are the most successful and if this is determined by where someone lives, or just the traits they have.

    3. About 20 years ago scientists established that combinations of five basic dimensions—extroversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism and openness to new ideas and experiences—account for all personalities.

      Would this test be more accurate if more dimensions of personality were measured?

    4. The Swiss rate themselves as highly conscientious; Indians and Canadians see themselves as agreeable

      It would be interesting to see how people rate their own culture and personality traits versus how other people rate these same qualities.

    1. The child's ordinal position in the family has its most important influence on receptivity to accepting or rejecting the requests and ideas of legitimate authority. First-born children in most families are more willing than later-born children to conform to the requests of authority. They are more strongly motivated to achieve in school, more conscientious, and less aggressive.

      This is the most important point as it relates to how parents interact with their children.

    2. A final source of hypotheses regarding the origins of personality comes from inferences based on direct observations of a child's behavior

      This final reason states that children's personalities are formed by their observations.

    3. children who had the same objective experiences develop different personality profiles because they construct different conceptions about themselves and others from the same experiences. The notion that each child imposes a personal interpretation to their experiences makes the concept of self critical to the child's personality.

      The fourth reason states that every child experiences things differently even in the same situations.

    4. the nature of the infant's relationship to the caretakers and especially the mother created a profile of emotional reactions toward adults that might last indefinitely.

      The third reason for personality development. This reason is very similar to the second reason stated above.

    5. Freud suggested that differences in parental socialization produced variation in anxiety, which, in turn, leads to different personalities.

      The second reason for personality development.

    6. There are five different hypotheses regarding the early origins of personality. One assumes that the child's inherited biology,

      The first possible reason for personality development.

    1. Social scientists have argued that technology, human capital and community are essential ingredients for economic and social prosperity. But it now appears that we have another set of useful ingredients with which to work. It will be informative to examine how the Big Five are distributed in other countries and whether the processes connecting traits and geographic indicators are similar.

      It is interesting to look at personality traits in the US, but it would also give us a whole picture if we looked at personality traits in the world.

    2. A third explanation is environmental influence.

      People may have similar personality traits wen they are in certain localities because climates have a significant effects on people.

    3. Another explanation is social influence.

      People in the same geographical regions may also end up with similar personality traits because they tend to behave similar to the people they surround themselves with.

    4. One explanation for the geographic clustering of personality traits is selective migration – the idea that people choose to live in places that meet their needs.

      People may be moving to certain places because they like the area which leads to similar personality traits in the same geographic regions.

    5. And numerous studies have shown that differences between individuals are associated with important life outcomes, from academic and occupational success, to marital stability and physical health.

      This will shed more light on nature versus nurture. https://www.sundance.org/projects/three-identical-strangers#/

    6. Evidence from studies of identical twins suggests that the Big Five have a substantial genetic basis.

      Is it more nature or nurture?

    7. These so-called Big Five dimensions – Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Intellect – provided a basic model for conceptualising and measuring personality.

      There are 16 main personality traits