What is the process for registering a new test network? Is there any existing registry of testnets, and how to access them? How can this be official and community-managed?

Inclusive. It will allow every account on Tezos, whether it has an on-chain transaction history or not, to use DIDs such as in the issuance, storage, and presentation of Verifiable Credentials or use of DIDComm for secure and private DID-to-DID communications.

The cost of a 51 percent attack on Tezos mainnet to disrupt these properties was approximately (USD) $1,000,000,000 at the time of writing (October 2020)

and this has been completed successfully eight times since its launch.

Censorship resistant: The protocol uses cryptography to maintain integrity across all transactions, and the transaction history may be fully replicated from any single node out of thousands, using commodity hardware. The cost to attack the network is suitably expensive for many use cases, as described in the following section.

for others

thousands of independently controlled active nodes

self-amending

Tezos

As with more traditional methodologies, these readings are enacted in the context of the technologies of access, self-reflection, and collaboration that make it a situated act.

For such insight we must turn to the texts, where we can see that Joyce includes words that are “word-sounds” such as “tauftauf thuartpeatrick” and “bababadalgh­araghtakamminarronn­konnbronn­tonnerronntuonnthunn­trovarrhounawn­skawntoohoohoor­denenthurnuk!,” linked words such as “upturnpikepointandplace” and “devlinsfirst,” and many other experimental words that are only used once.

these words reflect the extent to which the character Gerty MacDowell does not understand her social world or have any power in it.

From no other evidence than statistical analysis of the relative frequencies of the very common words, it is possible to differentiate sharply and appropriately among the idiolects of Jane Austen’s characters and even to trace the ways in which an idiolect can develop in the course of a novel”

Yet electronic archives—the source materials of so much text analysis, data mining, and visualization methodologies—are always assembled behind very real stone walls, by very real people.

Alan Liu asserts that text analysis, visualization, and data mining represent paradigmatic shifts in the work of the humanities that force scholars to reflect on the relation between information and new media and technology and that require them “to investigate underlying database, data-flow, cross-platform data architecture”

If you are showing change over time or any other variable, then a continuous graph is the right choice.

In response to the same trend toward augmented reality, Bruce Sterling projects a coming “Internet of things,” based on RFID (radio-frequency identification) tags and metadata attached to physical objects, connected by WiFi in networks. This new kind of network will rely on conceiving of objects as existing in relation to their users over time

Sometimes you experience server lag, and your avatar hesitates to respond to key-board commands.

It was built through remediation of earlier technology platforms for interactive virtual spaces, from the text-based mazes of Adventure to the so-cial spaces of MUDs (multiuser dungeons) and MOOs (MUDs object-oriented).

Intellec-tual, cultural, and financial capital is flowing into and out of Linden Lab’s “metaverse,” often because of an assumption that Second Liferepresents the “future of the Internet.”

New Word Order takes an interaction structure invented for competitive play with quantifi able outcomes—for gameplay—and repurposes it as play that re-contextualizes and explores the potential of poetic language.

The assertion that interactive dramas are not games is relatively well accepted among game scholars.

The focus on quantifi able outcomes (which The Sims may not suffi ciently possess

An opening Narrator · March 28, 2016 It was a dark and stormy night… Just kidding. Of the Bellipotent and its human cargo remains much to be told–all, in fact–but digressions will predominate here and throughout, to the detriment, I’m afraid, of ingress. As a prolegomena, then, a bit about the figure of the “Handsome Sailor” that roamed the pages of books … View More

It connects gamification to other, better known practices of software fraud. These include malware, spyware, and adware. While some uses of -ware still have positive or neutral associations (shareware, freeware), people are more familiar with the more nefarious variants, thanks to negative press coverage of software exploits.

Organizations ask for loyalty, but they reciprocate that loyalty with shams, counterfeit incentives that neither provide value nor require investment.

Gamification offers this exactly. No thinking is required, just simple, absentminded iteration and the promise of empty metrics to prove its value. Like having a website or a social media strategy, "gamification" allows organizations to tick the games box without fuss. Just add badges! Just add leaderboards!

Margaret Robertson has critiqued gamification on the basis that it takes the least essential aspects of games and presents them as the most essential. Robertson coins the derogatory term pointsification as a more accurate description of this process.

Note how deftly Zichermann makes his readers believe that points, badges, levels, leader boards, and rewards are "key game mechanics."

power to get us to spend money on things that seem not to exist, and so forth.

And "climate change" suggests that global warming is a phenomenon of adjustment rather than disaster. After all, change can be good!

Playful pedagogy aims to put learners in a flow state—that utterly absorbing state where, as Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi puts it, “nothing else seems to matter” (6).

play is voluntary, separate from other aspects of life, uncertain, unproductive, governed by rules, and simultaneously more or less dependent upon make-believe (9-10).

This view of textuality implies that any textual object—what in IVANHOE we call "the source text"—has to be encountered within a dynamical "discourse field" (i.e., the extended network of documents, materials, discussions, and evidence within which the work is continually being constituted).

as that all interpretation pursues transformations of meaning within a dynamic space of inherited and ongoing acts of interpretation.

In our own day readers often react to other unresolved tensions in the book

He said that he is twenty-nine years of age, and broken in body and mind; that when finally dismissed by the court, he shall not return home to Chili, but betake himself to the monastery on Mount Agonia without; and signed with his honor, and crossed himself, and, for the time, departed as he came, in his litter, with the monk Infelez, to the Hospital de Sacerdotes.

he fugitives had now almost gained an offing. It was nearly night; but the moon was rising. After hard, prolonged pulling, the boats came up on the ship’s quarters, at a suitable distance laying upon their oars to discharge their muskets. Having no bullets to return, the negroes sent their yells

because the negro Babo, performing the office of an officious servant with all the appearance of submission of the humble slave, did not leave the deponent one moment; that this was in order to observe the deponent’s actions and words, for the negro Babo understands well the Spanish; and besides, there were thereabout some others who were constantly on the watch, and likewise understood the Spanish;

Some months after, dragged to the gibbet at the tail of a mule, the black met his voiceless end. The body was burned to ashes; but for many days, the head, that hive of subtlety, fixed on a pole in the Plaza, met, unabashed, the gaze of the whites;

“You generalize, Don Benito; and mournfully enough. But the past is passed; why moralize upon it? Forget it. See, yon bright sun has forgotten it all, and the blue sea, and the blue sky; these have turned over new leaves.”

The book has pages that are wonderfully, even improbably, varied.

Mr. Bryant shifts the editorial emphasis away from one "definitive" version and onto "the multiplicity of versions" that come about as an author revises and as editors, printers, and other "collaborators" make their own changes to a manuscript.

When he died in New York City in 1891

These projects continue a decades-old tradition of Melville scholarship that dates back to 1919, the centennial of the writer's birth, when, after years of neglect, Melville and his literary remains began to attract the close attention of scholars. But Mr. Olsen-Smith's and Mr. Bryant's projects also mark a departure from traditional ways of handling and editing manuscript material, one that takes advantage of new technology and recent turns in scholarly editing.

Mr. Olsen-Smith is part of a new wave of Melville scholars who are combining old-fashioned textual scholarship with new digital technology

Not just the book, but the marginal recipes and spells remain his property.

it was recognized that it could foster for the child a means of self-expression

from infantile unlettered marks; to care-fully scripted signatures; to lists of things, words, dates, and times.

It becomes part of the child’s body, sharing pen or pencil trials or colors that bear the pres-sure of the hand.

For the historian of childhood, the margin has long stood as the place of personal imagination.

The physical appearance of a volume—paper quality, ink color, layout, binding, and annotations—has come to be seen as bearing as much meaningful information as the printed text itself.

Now, when the Coleridge of 21st-century marginalia emerges, he should be able to mark up the books of a million friends at once.

the ability to import not just your friends’ notes but notes from all of history’s most interesting book markers.

The problem is, we’re writing over our own potential.

farfetched

http://www.columbia.edu/~fms5/ulys.htm

elucidations

However, what gets left out are the more important annotations projects that are

In our class, we’ve recently reached an interesting point: the true democratic pith of what technology

Joyce

An inexhaustible reading of the text that proposes an infinite series of interpretations has to be met with caution because some interpretations aren’t valid. Literary critic Umberto Eco once proposed that there have to be “rules of connection” to this kind of reader and reading (Eco 148). These rules foster the idea that everything has to

This ‘split-level’ technique conveys a far stronger impression of reality than does the

Often the behavior of the characters is interpreted far beyond the scope of the reactionsshown and in the light of knowledge which at best could only have been revealed by thefuture.20In this way the reader is continually placed at a distance from the characters.

and then, toward the end, he announces thatthe whole story was not his own at all,15but that he overheard it in a conversation.16

the man whose attitudes shape the book (implied author)

Joyce, at the other end of the scale drops only the ironic informationthat the author has withdrawn behind his work, ‘‘paring his fingernails.’’5The reader ofmodern novels is deprived of the assistance which the eighteenth-century writer hadgiven him in a variety of devices ranging from earnest exhortation to satire and irony.

Such interventions are meant to indicate how the author wants his textto be understood, and also to make the reader more deeply aware of those events forthe judgment of which his own imagination has to be mobilized.

with a typicallifeexpectancyof around 300 years, the notes survive only in small fragments or underspecial conditions

Note taking differs from the transmission of whole textsinthatonlypartsof a whole are selected for transmission. The note taker can process manytexts in this way and can integrate the selections from different sources intoone set of references.

Robles, who knew how to swim, kept the longest above water, making acts of contrition, and, in the last words he uttered, charged this deponent to cause mass to be said for his soul to our Lady of Succor:

and uncomfortable to look at as inquisitors' racks, with a large, misshapen arm-chair

The old man looked like an Egyptian priest, making Gordian knots for the temple of Ammon.

So, Don Benito—padlock and key—significant symbols, truly.

Charles V., just previous to the anchoritish retirement of that monarch from the throne.

hypochondriac abbot

fitfully revealed through the open port-holes, other dark moving figures were dimly descried, as of Black Friars pacing the cloisters.

somnambulistic character

kith and kin

 The  Text  can  be  approached,  experienced,  in  reaction  to  the  sign.  The  work  closes  on  a  signifie

 genres.  What  constitutes  the  Text  is,  on  the  contrary  (or  precisely),  its  subversive  force  in  respect  of  the  old  classifications.  Ho

 The  Text  is  not  to  be  thought  of  as  an  object  that  can  be

urity;  it  begins  effectively(as  opposed  to  the  mere  expression  of  a  pious  wish)  when  the  solidarity  of  the  old  disciplines  breaks  down  -­‐-­‐perhaps  even  violently,  via  the  jolts  of  fas

Jeremy Dean, Director of Education for Hypothes.is, points out the value of asking students to explore different users’ annotation streams, apart from the texts to which the annotations are attached; this approach foregrounds social connections rather than texts.

She asks students to think of an unfamiliar image from Norse mythology "as a mystery in need of a solution that you will acquire the skills to solve." Solving the mystery involves recognizing some of the features that set images apart from written texts, such as the use of visual icons and the placement of figures in spacial relationships that generate meaning.

Setting out to discover how the English writer Gabriel Harvey read his copy of Livy’s Roman history, Grafton and Jardine discovered that the answer was publicly, rhetorically, even collaboratively, not so much for private meditation as for worldly action.

Although Mosaic, the first graphical Web browser, was intended to permit annotation, good tools for marking up what you read – or hear, or view – online have been slow to develop.

For a quite different approach to annotation it is worth paying attention to Hypothes.is, an annotation tool that is just in its alpha stages.

As Fitzpatrick has pointed out, the visibility of this annotative action is both a gift and a problem. Did most people comment on paragraph 1 because it was the best? The worst? The only one they read? And what does the lack of comments mean? Does that indicate readerly assent, indifference, or worse? An assignment built on CommentPress would want to think explicitly about the distribution of comments.[17]

Annotations in this situation need not be restricted to clarifying factual, contextual, or textual conundrums, but can indeed be as interpretative as one wishes

Students read or watch things, they think and write about them, and they come together to share how they have come to understand the text. What Bush and Engelbart dramatize is a world in which that experience is made vivid and accessible. When contemplating incorporating web writing into one’s own courses, it can be helpful to remember that annotation has a long and honorable tradition at the heart of web writing.

The “associative trails” blazed by the expert poring over the record of human invention and creation would, Bush foresaw, soon be themselves available for ready searching.

and the ability to share that with others—each of these three abilities are still fundamental to the way we interact online with text, images, sound, and video.

regretted that the method could not be of use to blind authors such as Homer and Milton.

The passage’s emphasis on solitary listening (“the quiet of our own apartments”) and repeated playback (“as often as we will”) suggests readers discerned in the indented slip new possibilities for close listening that would have been impossible amid the hubbub of a public recital

The introduction of a new technology leads to renewed awareness of established technologies at the moment when their roles have been called into question.12

So I hardly read any Little Dorrit on Kindle. I will probably continue to use it at times, since its battery life is far, far better than an iPhone, and besides, I'll worry less about dropping my Kindle in the sand.

I've been dreading this, but let me get my prediction out now: The iPhone is a Kindle killer. I abandoned the Kindle edition of Little Dorrit almost as soon as I read one chapter on my iPhone. Kindle, shmindle. It does almost nothing that an iPhone can't do better —and most important, the iPhone is always with me.

Do I love books or do I love reading?

Deathisthesanctionofeverythingthatthestorytellercantell.Hehasborrowedhisauthorityfromdeath.Inotherwords,itisnaturalhistorytowhichhisstoriesreferback

Thismakesstrikinglyclearthatitisnolongerintelligencecomingfromafar,buttheinformationwhichsuppliesahandleforwhatisnearestthatgetsthereadiesthearing.Theintelligencethatcamefromafar—whetherthespatialkindfromforeigncountriesorthetemporalkindoftradition—possessedanauthoritywhichgaveitvalidity,evenwhenitwasnotsubjecttoverification

Theearliestsymptomofaprocesswhoseendisthedeclineofstorytellingistheriseofthenovelatthebeginningofmoderntimes

Wasitnotnoticeableattheendofthewarthatmenreturnedfromthebattlefieldgrownsilent—notricher,butpoorerincommunicableexperience?

Close listening in this manner is only possiblewith recorded performances of the sort taken for granted by closereaders of the printed text. It is in this sense that literature is notjust heard but heard in new ways through the use of today’s soundreproduction technology.

These cumbersome formats showed little improvement overEdison’s wax cylinders in terms of convenience – it may be easier tobring back the live orator in such cases than to swap discs that manytimes. The inconvenience of these productions should make it clearwhy audiobooks have remained a niche interest until the arrival ofdigital audio made it possible to download virtual recordings. The easeof doing so need not concern us here. What matters instead is therise in the number of people listening to audiobooks now that digitaltechnology has made them more readily available.

The growing popularity of audiobooks over the last decade meansthat literary critics may no longer be able to turn a blind eye –or a deaf ear, in this case

Above all, the result is social computing, the hallmark of Web 2.0.3 Recall that when modern computers were invented in the World War II era, they were first thought of primarily as ballistics or scientific-calculation machines. Then, with the advent of corporate mainframes, calculation took a backseat to business functions originally peripheral to computing: storage, filing, sorting, and printing. With the personal computer and the Internet, computers next turned into universal communication devices and media players.4 Now, with Web 2.0 (abetted even more recently by ubiquitous mobile computing and communications), the computer enfolds all its previous functions in the increasingly dominant paradigm of social computing, which the interdisciplinary research group on the topic that I participated in on my campus defines most generally as “the use of technology in networked communication systems by communities of people for one or more goals,” even if that goal is as seemingly unfocused as building the community itself and one’s identity in it.5 Oft-cited examples include blogs and their derivatives (including all manner of sites powered by the WordPress blog engine and Drupal community-message-board engine that have evolved into general-purpose content management systems); microblogging platforms like Twitter and Tumblr; social-networking platforms like Facebook and LinkedIn; wikis like Wikipedia or such make-your-own wiki platforms as PBWorks (previously PBWiki); social-bookmarking or content-discovery sites like Delicious (previously del.icio.us) and StumbleUpon; shared or social news sites like Digg (in its heyday) and Reddit; and—at least in some of their shared or specialized community features—image- and video-sharing sites like Flickr or YouTube as well as collaborative-work-space sites like Google Docs. At the level of infrastructure, most such social-computing systems are based on the same back-end Web 2.0 data architecture I describe above, but with increasingly complex subarchitectures. Indeed, many are based on the identical LAMP open-source software platform (the acronym for the combination of the Linux operating system, Apache Web-server program, MySQL database program, and PHP scripting code). Just as important as the shared infrastructure are shared superstructural conventions, practices, and forms. Some of these may be likened to classical rhetorical devices—for example, common Web 2.0 topoi such as the profile page, post, comment, tag, and so on. At a higher level of convention, the various social-computing instances I have cited (blogs, wikis, social-networking sites, etc.) are akin to genres. And if we were to go platonic, the equivalent of transcendental, and not just Web, forms in the social-computing universe is the social graph. Often invoked with the definite article as if there were just the one social graph, this concept bridges the literal notion of a social-network diagram visualizing all one’s online social connections and a quasi-metaphysical theory of universal sociality.6