68 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2023
    1. It isimnortanttokeepinmindthe value placed on completeness whenstudyIngBalinesemusic becauseithelpsdefineafundamental aspectofBalineseaesthetics. Not onlyisitimportantfor sonicandother spacestobe filled,butreferencestothepast mustalsobemade

      completeness

    2. Performancesfit intoacontinuumofcontextsranging fromhighly sacred performances forgodsto lesssacredperformances for godsandhumans.Thereisageneral correlationbetween the age ofaparticular story, dance, theatrical form, ensemble,orpieceanditsdegree of sacredness.Theolderthe form, themore sacredand unchangingitis.

      older = more sacred

    3. The term adat, meaning “tradition,” encompasses religion (forwhich there is nowadistinct Indonesian term,agama),divine cosmicand social order, and all community activities

      adat means tradition which encompasses......

    4. Old (genres of indigenous pre-HinduBali,knownasBali Ago);Middle (showing Hindu-Javanese influence) and New (twentieth-century genres that developedout of those of the Middle category)

      3 PERIODS OF BALI

    5. Thesestories, which tell of the Hindu pantheonof gods, goddesses, demons,and humans from mythological times, still play a major role in theatertraditions in Bali.

      hindu gods in stories

    6. The Indian epicsMahabharata and Ramayana have, become cultural icons throughoutSoutheast Asia.

      ramayana and mahabharata significance in bali culture

    7. Anewborn child is still linkedto the world of the gods until the first ofalifelong series of ceremoniesthat both link the child with the world of the living and purify her orhim in a hierarchical sequence that extends long after death, uponbecoming a deified ancestor.

      newborn birth, gods, ceremonies, and ancestors

    8. With reincarnation as the basic premise, the purification rites Balineseundergo throughout their lives areeenas belongingto one hugecycle of rebirth,life,death, and rebirth.

      cycle of life death and rebirth

    9. A temple’sodalan,celebrated every210days(one BalineseyearintheHindu-Balicycle).marks theanniversaryof thedayitwas firstinaugurated.This often coincides with theMlmoon, but because eachtemple hasitsown anniversary, the ceremonies are scatteredthroughout the year.

      ODALAN

    10. TodaysAgamaHinduBali(BalineseHidureligion) or A;amaTirtha(holywaterreligion)is asynthesis ofpm-Hindubeliefandprac&eswith elementsofIndianHinduismand Buddhism,

      BALI'S RELGION FOR THESE TRADITIONS

    11. The nameBalimeans “offering,” aptly expressingamajor componentof Balinese life:making, giving, and performing offerings to the gods.

      BALI MEANS OFFERING

    12. Toknow yourself inBali istoknow where you stand in relation to place, time,drcumstance, and therestofthe community.

      to know yourself in bali

    13. One aspectoflifethat helps maintainBalinesecultural identityisencapsulated in the Balineseconcept4gflr.This expression(roughly “appropriateplace, time,cfrcumstancè7iiieans thatforeveryactivity thereis aproper time andplace.

      TIME AND PLACE

    Annotators

    1. Itmarksthebeginningandendofthepieceandgivesafeelingofbalanceafterthelongestmelodicsectionofagendhing.Thegongissoimportant inmarkingthefundamentalunitofagendhingstructure thatthisunit,

      GONG IS KEY

    2. G o n g ,largeandmediumgongs hung on astand. Thelargesthanginggong(usuallyblack)iscalledonaaaeng (‘ageng” —large) ,andhasthe lowestpitch amongthegamel

      GONG

    3. Gamelancompositions arecomposedin groups of equalmetricalunits. Theshortest unit consistsof four basicbeatsandis called aatra(“embryo”or “semanticunit”) . Agamelancompositionisalsocomposedinoneofseveralstructures.

      METRICAL UNITS-- SHORTEST HAS 4 BEATS AND IS CALLED GATRA OR SEMANTIC UNIT

    4. n some sections of gendhing, penggerong will singsenaaakan or alok, employing a word or words such assooooooo, hake, dua lob, etc. These short melodies or“stylized cries” are meant to excite the mood of the piece

      MOOD OF THE PIECE

    5. Kinanthiisone of themacapat songs.Thetextusedbypenggerongmaytellus about moralideas, decribe nature,astory or puzzle,express the emotion of love, or other subjects

      MACAPAT

    6. Theselinesusuallycontainmoralideas,the expressionof theemotionoflove,reverence to thenobility,satire,orothersubjects

      meaning behind these lines

    7. Therearetwokindofgender: gender barungandgenderoanerus.Theaendérbarungcan have asfewastwelveorasmanyasfourteenkeys,encompassingmorethantwooctaves

      GENDER

    8. achcompositioniscomposedinoneof thethree pathetormodalcategories. Pathet,whichliterallymeans“torestrain”, isasystem ofcategorizing theuse oftones.

      PATHET=modal categories, system of categorizing the use of tones

    9. theJavaneseconsideragamelansetasousaka,aninheritedobjectwhichisendowedwithsupernaturalpower.Anhonorifictitle,Kyaior“TheVenerableSir”,andnameisassignedtothegamelan

      JAVANESE: pusaka and kyai

    10. Therearetwoprincipal styles:BalineseandJavanese gamelan.Butin Java,likein Bali, several regional stylescan be -identified.Twoof themostnotedstylesareSundanese (orWestJavanese)andCentralJavanese gamelan

      differences between balinese and javanese gamelan

    11. Eachof hundreds ofethnicgroupsandsubgroupshasitsownlocalcharacteristic,in language, customs,formsoforganization,ritual,dances,music andotherculturalexpressions

      importance of culture in indonesia

    12. However,itshouldbenotedthatalthough notationhasbecomeapartofgamelantraditionforaboutacentury,basicallygamelanisstilltheproduct oforal tradition.Listening, imitatingandobservingare the thrust oftraditionalgamelanlearning.

      oral tradition >>> notation

    Annotators