What, but education, has advanced us beyond the condition of our indigenous neighbours? and what chains them to their present state of barbarism & wretchedness, but a besotted veneration for the supposed supe[r]lative wisdom of their fathers and the preposterous idea that they are to look backward for better things and not forward, longing, as it should seem, to return to the days of eating acorns and roots rather than indulge in the degeneracies of civilization.
What is being said here is very ironic. Throughout the document, the author forwarded the idea of striving to obtain knowledge and utilizing it to better their society. But at the same time, they refuse to learn from "indigenous neighbours" and realize that their neighbors is not inferior, but maintain a lifestyle completely different from theres. They should act like educated individuals and learn rather than demean.