Figure 1.1.21.1.2\PageIndex{2}: Canyons like this, carved in the deposit left by the May 18th, 1980 eruption of Mt. St. Helens, are sometimes used by purveyors of pseudoscience as evidence for the Earth being very young. In reality, the non-lithified volcanic deposit is carved much more easily than other canyons like the Grand Canyon.
I learned from this canyons existence how powerful volcanos really are and how much volcanos can curve out large Canyan's.
The big-bang theory proposes the universe was formed from an infinitely dense and hot core of the material.
This is the big bang theory
The universe appears to have an infinite number of galaxies and solar systems and our solar system occupies a small section of this vast entirety. The origins of the universe and solar system set the context for conceptualizing the Earth’s origin and early history.
This shows how large the universe is.
s: When one rock formation contains pieces or inclusions of another rock, the included rock is older than the host rock.
This shows how scientists differentiate rock layers.
The Grand Canyon of Arizona illustrates the stratigraphic principles. The photo shows layers of rock on top of one another in order, from the oldest at the bottom to the youngest at the top, based on the principle of superposition.
This shows how the grand canyon in Arizona shows how rock layers form
In the 1950s, Clair Patterson (1922–1995) thought he could determine the age of the Earth using radioactive isotopes from meteorites, which he considered to be early solar system remnants that were present at the time Earth was forming. Patterson analyzed meteorite samples for uranium and lead using a mass spectrometer. He used the uranium/lead dating technique in determining the age of the Earth to be 4.55 billion years, give or take about 70 million (± 1.5%) [15]. The current estimate for the age of the Earth is 4.54 billion years, give or take 50 million (± 1.1%) [13]. It is remarkable that Patterson, who was still a graduate student at the University of Chicago, came up with a result that has been little altered in over 60 years, even as technology has improved dating methods.
This paragraph let me know how people tryed to calculated the earths age.
Because science advances as technology advances, the discovery of radioactivity in the late 1800s provided scientists with a new scientific tool called radioisotopic dating. Using this new technology, they could assign specific time units, in this case years, to mineral grains within a rock.
This shows how scientists predict the time period. of each rocks.
Jupiter’s massive gravity further shaped the solar system and growth of the inner rocky planets. As the nebula started to coalesce into planets, Jupiter’s gravity accelerated the movement of nearby materials, generating destructive collisions rather than constructively gluing material together [14]. These collisions created the asteroid belt, an unfinished planet, located between Mars and Jupiter.
This shows the impact Jupitar has in the solar system
The planetary composition of the gas giants is clearly different from the rocky planets. Their size is also dramatically different for two reasons: First, the original planetary nebula contained more gases and ices than metals and rocks. There was abundant hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, and less silicon and iron, giving the outer planets more building material. Second, the stronger gravitational pull of these giant planets allowed them to collect large quantities of hydrogen and helium, which could not be collected by the weaker gravity of the smaller planets.
This shows why the gas planets are different from the rocky planets.
e Doppler effect is the same process that changes the pitch of the sound of an approaching car or ambulance from hi
I wonder how far something is changes color
No place on Earth is completely free of natural hazards, so one of the best ways people can protect themselves is by understanding the geology.
I wonder if this specific quote mean that an earthquake is possible in illinois
processes. Science is more than just a body of knowledge, science provides a means to evaluate and create new knowledge without bias [1]. Scientists use ob
One thing I am excited to learn about is Astronomy and volcanos due to the fact that the topic of learning about the cosmos and volcanos really interests me due to the way space and volcanos look although I know for a fact that both are extremely dangerous up close.
An objective observation is without personal bias and the same by all individuals. Humans are biased by nature, so they cannot be completely objective; the goal is to be as unbiased as possible. A subjective observation is based on a person’s feelings and beliefs and is unique to that individual.
In this reading I learned that an objective bias is basically evidence that is not determined by personal preference. On the other hand, a subjective bias is a bias that is determined by what each person thinks of a subject.