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    1. Using ChatGPT allows students to obtain quick and direct answers by simply asking questions, which may enhance their academic performance in the short term (Alshater, 2022; Rahman & Watanobe, 2023). Consequently, students may rely more on AI for immediate solutions rather than solving problems independently. In the long term, students with low academic self-efficacy are likely to overuse AI.

      why students use ChatGPT

    2. this is one of the first studies exploring the internal antecedents and potential consequences of AI dependency

      more study needs to be done on ai dependency

    3. From a practical perspective, the results suggest that more time and energy should be invested to reduce students' academic stress and mitigate AI-dependent behaviors. Additionally, guiding students toward reasonable use of AI technology and improving their AI literacy (Ng et al., 2021) are necessary to ensure that the potential of AI technology can be fully utilized and that its negative impacts can be mitigated. Finally, addressing misinformation and enhancing the reliability of AI technology are crucial tasks that requires continuous improvement.

      ways to reduce ai dependency

    4. Therefore, we recommend that future studies reevaluate college students' dependence on AI by taking these distinct aspects into account, offering deeper insights into both the legitimate and illicit use of AI in academic environments.

      ways to improve the use of Ai for college students

    5. . The consequences of AI dependency varied; the top five negative effects were increased laziness, the spread of misinformation, decreased creativity, and reduced critical and independent thinking.

      consequences of overuse of AI

    6. Self-efficacy, a concept derived from social cognitive theory (Bandura, 1986), refers to a person's confidence in their capacity to perform or master a certain task

      Definition of self-efficacy

    1. The Council of Europe defines artificial intelligence as: "a set of sciences, theories, technologies, the purpose of which is to reproduce human cognitive skills by a machine ".

      Another good definition of AI

    2. Artificial intelligence works like human intelligence, but notably it lacks creativity and inspiration.

      AI has a lack of creativity, which is very important for writing

    3. Artificial intelligence, like other technologies, has positive characteristics as well as negative ones, which are discussed in the world

      AI is positive and negative it depends on context.

    4. For years, AI was an isolated phenomenon that was used on a limited theoretical level in narrow circles. Along with the development of technologies, AI has gained special relevance.

      introduces the topic of AI well

    5. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science that aims to create an intelligent computer machine/program that can understand human intelligence. Determining the level of intelligence depends on what task we set out to solve.

      Good definition of AI