size of the halogen increase, the reactivity of the ring decreases.
Pi orbital overlap decreases, so it's harder for the larger halogens to give electrons via the pi system. So inductive effects dominate more and more as the halogen size increases.
6 Matching Annotations
- Jan 2025
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chem.libretexts.org chem.libretexts.org
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not by the resonance
So just think of halogens as the exception because they don't participate in resonance, and it's therefore harder to see the positive charges at ortho and para (i.e., not what you see in the diagrams).
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NHCOR
Amides are weakened activators because of the carbonyl group.
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chem.libretexts.org chem.libretexts.org
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C-H bond.
Draw all hydrogens.
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electrophilic reaction such as HX with an alkene will often yield more than one product
See exercise below
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chem.libretexts.org chem.libretexts.org
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f) 1 (allylic carbocation – positive charge can be delocalized to a second carbon)
Resonance effects dominate inductive effects. So the tertiary carbon (2) doesn't matter as much as the delocalization effects of resonance (1).
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