, gametes contain a single set of chro-mosomes. Such cells are called haploid cells,
haploid number is the number of chromosomes in a single set, found in a gamete
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ister chromatids,
2 identical copies of a single chromosome
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cell with two chromosomesets is called a diploid cell and has a diploid number of chro-mosomes, abbreviated 2n.
2n= for each type of chromosme, there are 2 copies
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We inherit one chromosome of each pair from each parent.
maternal set (mother). paternal set (father).
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Thetwo chromosomes composing a pair have the same length,centromere position, and staining pattern: These are calledhomologous chromosomes,
46 chromosomes, 23 types (2 of each). homologs controll the same inherited characters (ex. eye color).
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somatic cell
any cell in human body, aside from reproductive (sperm/egg)
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- Oct 2025
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Membranes are not static
lipids and proteins can move laterally, however it is rare for them to flip flop horizontally
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However, each type of membrane has a uniquecomposition of lipids and proteins suited to that membrane’sspecific functions.
can be located within, attatched to, or extend through the lipid bilayer
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The plasma membrane andthe membranes of organelles consist of a double layer (bilayer) ofphospholipids
phospholipid tails are hydrophobic, therefore found in interior of membrane proteins. phospholipid heads are hydrophilic, therefore found in exterior of membrane proteins. carbohydrate side chains are located in the outer surface of the membrane protein
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chromosomes, which carry genes in the form of DNA.
for eukaryotes DNA is in nucleus. prokaryotes dont have nucleus so DNA is in nucleoid (region w/ DNA that is not membrane enclosed)
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plasma membrane.
shared by both eukaryote and prokaryote
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