I'm speechless at the ignorance here. First, Russia did not arrange the referendums, the governments of the four oblasts did. Second, this misstates the results--it was only in Donetsk and Luhansk that the vote was in the high 90s in favor of "annexation" (i.e., joining Russia), which is an unsurprising result given that 1) these are the most ethnically Russian provinces, 2) they've been getting attacked by Kiev for 8 years, and 3) they'd already voted for autonomy from Kiev by an overwhelming majority in 2014. The author needs to look at what people who actually live there have to say--why they voted overwhelmingly to leave Ukraine. Although it's true that some, probably disproportionately supporters of the Ukrainian government, have fled the region, there were high turnouts for these referendums and there were very good reasons for the overwhelming vote--first and foremost, that Ukraine is a repressive and violent place, particularly for ethnic Russians, and secondly Ukraine has been the poorest country in Europe for some time, whereas Russia has had tremendous economic growth for most of this century. Certainly the circumstances were less than ideal, but LISTEN TO THE PEOPLE there who are openly giving their reasons for their vote. Like the overwhelming national vote for Zelensky in 2019, it was a vote for peace! Zelensky of course did not deliver, but these people look at Crimea which has been at peace and prospered since it re-joined Russia in 2014 and long for the same for themselves. How can anyone not see that??