Douglass draws an illustrative parallel to facts of the past when he references the decline of Babylon and uses this parallel to invoke empathy by demonstrating that the celebratory moment of the Fourth of July is built on the suffering of many. Douglass says, “Fellow-citizens; above your national, tumultuous joy, I hear the mournful wail of millions! whose chains, heavy and grievous yesterday, are, to-day, rendered more intolerable by the jubilee shouts that reach them.” Although, some may dispute that the Biblical reference is an actual event (that is an entirely different discussion), for Douglass this parallel is effective because it also appeals to the religious beliefs of the free Americans. It demonstrates the hypocrisy of the actions by the very white men who have invited him to speak to them. On one hand, the freemen appear to be inclusive of slaves because they invited Douglass to speak; on the other hand, they must not forget that this extraordinary jubilee does not include the speaker himself. This inductive technique must lead the freemen to reevaluate their own beliefs and should lead to recognition of how they are a shame before all men and before God.