Annotated Bibliography #3: School to Prison Pipeline in Broward County

This document, hosted by the city of Lauderdale Lakes and belonging to anti school to prison pipeline group, provides excellent context for the reason behind the existence of PROMISE in the first place. It cites disproportionate contact between law enforcement and Black youth as one of these reasons, arguing that there is no equity in school security and diversionary programs must exist to preserve any sort of equity of outcome at all.

Annotated Bibliography #3: School to Prison Pipeline in Broward County

This article shows that despite the changes pushed into place by conservatives and the battle against PROMISE waged by this faction, an investigative committee found that PROMISE was not responsible for the shooting in any way. This shows how much staying power wealthy white parents have in school politics and is sort of a pessimistic approach when it comes to ideas of schooling reform.

Annotated Bibliography #3: School to Prison Pipeline in Broward County

This article discusses impending changes to PROMISE a conservative faction on the Broward school board is pushing. These make the program stricter and less recidivist. This is objectively a loss for the activists who continue to push for an end to the school to prison pipeline, and shows how rhetoric and fear surrounding shooting incident was used by security hawks to further racialize school security.

Annotated Bibliography #3: School to Prison Pipeline in Broward County

This article discusses the opposing side to the first one; the educators and activists, mainly situated in majority-minority parts of Broward who support PROMISE. They view the program as beneficial due to its construction with an equity and restorative lens and criticize the security hawks for generalizing the kids who go through the program.

Annotated Bibliography ##: School to Prison Pipeline in Broward County

Here, I will discuss the PROMISE program, a diversionary scheme introduced in my home school district to reduce the amount of kids sent to jail.

This article discusses what the school security hawks believe when it comes to PROMISE. They oppose it and blame it for the MSD school shooting. As such, they want it changed to be harsher on who they believe to be perpetrators of violence. It's no surprise that much of this rhetoric was racialized.

Annotated Bibliography #2: Exploring Immersion Schools

This school, operated by the Cherokee Nation, seems to be a good example of an immersion program. It is fully funded, uses federal resources to strengthen itself and grant institutional power. It focuses on the intersection of language and culture, and is touted as a model for other communities. This is the most optimistic example I have seen so far.

Annotated Bibliography #2: Exploring Immersion Schools

This school confuses me. While French is indeed a heritage language for parts of Louisiana, this school doesn't seem to focus on Louisiana French, which is the dialect mainly spoken by the more diverse and working-class Cajun people. Furthermore, the school proudly celebrated the French ambassador visiting the school, and the prestige it brought to the school. French is not a marginalized language, and unlike the Albuquerque school, it doesn't seem to uplift indigenous culture.

Annotated Bibliography #2: Exploring Immersion Schools

While this school is a charter school, it reminds me very much of the ethnic studies program we learned about in Tucson. This school is a Spanish immersion school that focuses on Spanish-speaking youth in Albuquerque, NM. It seems to be genuine in teaching about culture as it focuses on Nahuatl culture and language as well.

Annotated Bibliography #2: Exploring Immersion Schools

In stark contrast to the thriving, entrepreneurial spirit of the academy in Massachusetts, immersion schools in St. Paul that actually focus on reviving culture are not so lucky. SPPS just voted to shut down a Hmong immersion school in teh city's predominantly Hmong North End. This is a program crafted and executed by community members and centered almost entirely on Hmong students. However, the school board did not consider it a priority. This difference here is important to consider when we think about reformism when it comes to culture and ethnic studies.

Annotated Bibliography #2: Exploring Immersion Schools

In this set of annotations, I will look at language immersion schools in America and see the different perspectives towards them and motivations behind them.

Starting here, with this private boarding school in Massachusetts, we have a situation that seems to be more about global capitalism than reviving marginalized culture. The immersion programs here are focused on French and Chinese, and the school seems to focus on these to make "well-rounded students", which to me seems like code for making students fit for global capitalism.

Annotated Bibliography #1 Investigating School Segregation in Florida

This paper lists the many current programs Florida has that advance school choice, all of which, of course, are aimed at low-achieving, aka majority-minority schools. These programs don't do anything to fix the schools involved but essentially abduct students from said schools and into white schools, making their home schools weaker and giving the right a claim that they support segregation in their own twisted way.

Annotated Bibliography #1 Investigating School Segregation in Florida

This article discusses the very beginning of the desegregation process in Florida, back in 1955. The major conclusion is that no implementation of school desegregation has been done in the state, saying that while few wish to "openly oppose desegregation", "few...are willing to initiate implementation". From the beginning, the state has been locked in this limbo, with liberals afraid to make things happen and conservatives happy to hold the state back. This holds true through today.

Annotated Bibliography #1 Investigating School Segregation in Florida

This book provides contextual framework for one of the factors that makes school segregation so fraught in Florida: school choice. It explains how the combination of Florida's failed standardized testing system and a high quantity of vouchers have resulted in the defunding of neighborhood schools in majority-minority areas. It is not the most up to date, however; the FSU paper builds on this.

Annotated Bibliography #1 Investigating School Segregation in Florida

This is another current piece investigating CRT and how it plays into the issue of school segregation in Florida. This one shows how he right's opponents are opposing the CRT ban: not by advocating for CRT or proposing race-conscious politics, but by being race-blind and largely ignoring segregation in its entirety. This shows how deep-set this issue is.

Annotated Bibliography #1 Investigating School Segregation in Florida

This press release from the office of Florida's conservative, anti-CRT governor provides us with a good endpoint for school segregation in the state of Florida. The examples DeSantis cites show a stunning sort of awareness and misdirection of the issue of segregation. He cites problems that are results of segregation and disinvestment, and then claims tat attempts to overcome those or make students aware are propaganda. It is an interesting view into the zeitgeist of the right and a good contextual piece for future research.