Nobody ever helps me into carriages, or over mud-puddles, or gives me any best place! And arn’t I a woman?

Trifling as it may seem

Music

So, whether he has two little or too much, his approach to the gin- house is always with fear and trembling.

, slavery became a way of life

Cotton was different, and it arrived at a time best suited for its success. “Petit Gulf” cotton, in particular, grew relatively quickly on cheap, widely available land.

a machine developed by Eli Whitney in 1794 for deseeding cotton—more easily than any other strain. It also grew tightly, producing more usable cotton than anyone had imagined to that point.

enable those States to advance rapidly in population, wealth, and power. It will separate the Indians from immediate contact with settlements of whites; free them from the power of the States; enable them to pursue happiness in their own way

While not easy, this goal was far easier to achieve than the unanimous consent of the states required by Article 13 of the Articles of Confederation.

Thomas Jefferson, thought “a little rebellion now and then” helped keep the country free

Thomas Jefferson, thought “a little rebellion now and then” helped keep the country free

then run to my pasture for my horse with all my might; fearing that I should be too late;

only elite members of society eligible to serve in elected positions.

Middle Passage

Virginia planters used the law to maximize the profitability of their slaves and closely regulate every aspect of their daily lives.

Brazil was the most common destination for slaves

The western coast of Africa, the Gulf of Guinea, and the west-central coast were the sources of African captives.

create a colony that would demonstrate that Catholics and Protestants could live together peacefully.

Colonists in America quickly declared allegiance to the new monarchs.

Yet during the war the colonies remained neutral, fearing that support for either side could involve them in war.

“Your highness may believe that in all the world there can be no better people … They love their neighbors as themselves, and their speech is the sweetest and gentlest in the world, and always with a smile.”

Fathers, for instance, would often join mothers’ extended families and sometimes even a mother’s brothers would take a more direct role in child-raising than biological fathers. Mothers could therefore often wield enormous influence at local levels and native mens’ identities and influence were often forged in such matrilineal contexts.

Native Americans generally felt a personal ownership of tools, weapons, or other items that were actively used. The same rule applied to land and crops.

Although migrants to New England expected economic profit, religious motives directed the rhetoric and much of the reality of these colonies.

a Dutch slave ship sold 20 Africans to the Virginia colonists.

One man was executed for killing and eating his wife.

One man was executed for killing and eating his wife.

Spain had a one-hundred year head start on New World colonization and a jealous England eyed the enormous wealth that Spain gleaned from the new World.

a legal philosopher who believed native peoples possessed the same natural rights as Europeans.

The French preference for trade over permanent settlement fostered more cooperative and mutually beneficial relationships with Native Americans than was typical among the Spanish and English.

Spaniards who immediately behaved like ravening wild beasts, wolves, tigers, or lions that had been starved for many days.