However, the sociodemographic or socioeconomic correlates of chemical consumption and exposure are unclear.

Comprehensive research on the community structure and spatial species diversity of demersal fish assemblages can provide not only species records but also qualitative classifications of species into ecological (functional) or zoogeographical groups for conservation and management purposes

Correspondence analysis (CA) is attractive to community ecologists because, in contrast to methods based on principal components analysis, it allows for unimodal responses to underlying gradients, thereby providing a clear representation of ‘long’ gradients (as well as ‘short’ gradients). Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA) corrects for two artefacts in CA: the ‘arch effect’ and compression of the two extremes of the first axis

This study demonstrates the advantages of adopting quantitatively derived clusters of spatially associated species and elucidates the potential of resultant clusters as a spatially explicit framework for investigating distribution-related questions in ecology, biogeography, and conservation.

Results of plant community division are similar to previous studies in the Inner Mongolia grassland [17,35].

The eigenvalues of the four sorting axes were 0.8053, 0.5071, 0.2824, and 0.2235, respectively, in the order of their numerical values.

Measuring the taxonomic distance is relatively straightforward, compared with the use of more complex plant traits or phylogeny.

Based on the incidence data, this analysis was carried out by using the iNEXT package of R software

conducted using small-scale experiments spatially

For species richness, the size in the R/E curve can be extrapolated to at most double or triple the minimum observed sample size

Analysis of the Effect of the Use of Food Waste Disposers on Wastewater Treatment Plant and Greenhouse Gas Emission Characteristics

This was based on our finding which revealed a positive correlation between the water quality parameters DO, BOD and TC and population.

Water- and Energy-Efficient Appliances for Circular Water Economy: Conceptual Framework Development and Analysis of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Water Consumption

Shower energy and greenhouse gas efficiency, significance, and reduction opportunities

The overall average COD removal is over 88% with few regional differences.

Source identification of surface water pollution using multivariate statistics combined with physicochemical and socioeconomic parameters

A mathematical model to plan for long-term effects of water conservation choices on dry weather wastewater flows and concentrations

Can water quality indicators and biomarkers be used to estimate real-time population?

Willingness to pay for nationwide wastewater surveillance system for infectious diseases in Japan

Water Quality ManagementBy Peter Krenkel

low operating ratios (i.e., utilization degree of the designed treatment capacity) of the plants (76% in counties and 85% in cities) especially for those in north China, although the situation is plant specific because a considerable fraction of plants (19%) are still running under overload condition.

The goal is to go beyond minimizing pollution and find ways to recover wastewater.

Wastewaters have daily emerged from various activities like households, agricultural, and industrial, with huge hydraulic loads and diverse compositions

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a focal point for the removal of microplastic (MP) particles before they are discharged into aquatic environments.

The flow values at each measuring point depend on the number of inhabitants in the catchment drained by the sewer system

and therefore those of wastewater. In an urban context, the highest values of COD, TSS, BOD, etc. are usually measured during diurnal hours, with a peak in the morning (more pronounced) and several peaks in the early evening (more distributed)

Toilets produce the most important loads of nitrogen, phosphorus and suspended solids (Gray and Becker, 2002). They represent 60 to 90% of the total flow at the end of the night or early morning and 20–40% during the day.

The PE number of a system influences treatment stability with systems with smaller numbers being less stable

there is a decrease in average BOD discharged as plants increase in size