25 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2025
    1. There is less known and perhaps less to know about the indepen­dent companies' advertising. Independents' appeals seem much like those of the Bell System, stressing business, emergencies, and practi­cality, except perhaps for showing an earlier sensitivity to sociability among their rural clientele.31

      I don't know which method I 100% would have preferred had I been alive during this time. For me now, I use my phone mostly for social and business opportunities. I would have liked a combination of advertisements targeting sociability and business uses for the phone.

    2. Bell Canada, for some reason, stressed family ties much more. Typical of the next two decades of Bell Canada's long-distance advertisements are these, both from 1921: "Why night calls are popular. How good it would sound to hear moth­er's voice tonight, he thought-for there were times when he was lonely-mighty lonely in the big city"; and "it's a weekly affair now, those fond intimate talks.

      Its interesting to read how the different companies marketed themselves in order to outsell each other. As companies develop and grow we get to see what works versus what doesn't work. This article is very interesting in the insights it provides regarding the early development of the telephone.

    3. Other uses were suggested, too, such as conveying messages of moderate urgency (a businessman calling home to say that he will be late, calling a plumber), and conveying in­vitations (to an impromptu party, for a fourth at bridge).

      This list of uses for the telephone is so funny to me. In todays age I think most people would laugh if you tried to explain the uses of telephone to them in these terms. It seems like common sense, however nothing is common sense when a new invention like the telephone is created.

    4. "Educating the public" typically meant advertising, face-to-face so­licitations, and public relations. In the early years, these efforts in­cluded informational campaigns, such as publicizing the existence of the telephone, showing people how to use it, and encouraging courteous conversation on the line

      It is very interesting to think that originally, you had to be sold on the telephone. As someone who grew up using these technologies, I feel like I always knew why I needed it and how to use it. I give big props to Bell and the other inventors who were working very hard to prove this item as a necessity. I also am interested in the fact that you had to educate people on the various ways to use the telephone from business to personal calls.

    5. During this competitive era, the industry offered residential cus­tomers a variety of economical party-line plans. Bell's average resi­dential rate in 1909 was just under two dollars a month

      When looking at prices from early decades, I am always so shocked. Under 2 dollars a month for a telephone service plan is almost unbelievable to me when compared to todays economy. I think the telephone is one of the greatest inventions and learning about its backstory is very interesting. I often wonder what life would have been like had telephones not been created.

    1. At home, telephone operating was sex-segregated. “Subscribers” rang female operators who connected nearly every call made.

      This is very interesting that telephone operating was sex-segregated. It's weird that they thought women were perfect for the role of answering phones because they handle emotions better, but not good enough to fight for their country. This seems backwards to me.

    2. Secretary of War Newton Baker disliked the idea so intensely that he didn’t even want to build toilets for females on army bases.

      This shows how much women were truly hated simply for being women. Not wanting to supply basic health essentials such as a bathroom is an abuse of power and shows how hateful people can be. Baker simply did not believe women belonged in the army even though women are just as capable as men to fight for their country, and to do anything a man can do.

    3. Army women who served “upon the very skirts” of the battle helped set a new standard of citizenship.

      I appreciate that credit for helping shape the movement regarding women's suffrage and the right to vote is given to Army women. These women risked their lives for a country that didn't acknowledge them as equal counterparts, and for that they are amazing. It shows how far loyalty and faith can take you.

    4. “Are we alone to ask and take the utmost women can give—service and sacrifice of every kind—and still say that we do not see what title that gives them?”, the president asked. “Shall we admit them only to a partnership of sacrifice and suffering and toil and not to a partnership of privilege and of right?”2

      This statement is very powerful and impactful. The idea that you even have to prove this argument that women should have the right to vote is still crazy to me. Women are the backbone of our country, and without them we would not be where we are today. I could not imagine living in a time where I was seen as inferior to to the world simply because I am a woman.

    5. The United States could not hold itself aloof from world opinion and women had amply earned the privileges of citizenship.

      It always amazes me how much power the government has and its ability to dictate who is and isn't a citizen. The fact that all of these rules and regulations are made up by people for reasons also made up by people is very strange. The statement that "women earned the privileges of citizenship" is crazy because women are the reason there even are citizens and people in the world.

    1. The telephone has become an acceptable means by which to offer greetings for various occasions, and E-mail has the ability to replace formal impersonal greetings (cards) with more personal, direct computer mediated greetings.

      To see and understand the development of the telegraph and its eventual reinvention as the telephone is really cool. It makes me wonder how much power these companies actually do have over us when we sign up and pay for these devices.

    2. “Good only for Family and Social Messages. Not to be used for business or political communication.” This standardization of “personal” greetings can be seen as one additional step in the process of homogenization.

      Western Union seems to have been a very power hungry and controlling place of business. They did not have the interest of the public at heart. All of their advertisement tactics are meant to control and push certain narratives in communication. They also changed pricing due to different types of communication, another abuse of power.

    3. communication technologies and medical practice, particularly as it relates to diagnosis, which seems like a recent development, was actually already present in the age of telegraphy.

      This is a very interesting point that I did not know. Comparing the telegraph to the communication of the body is a great point. I can see why doctors would be wary of using a middle interpreter for communicative problems revolving around life or death.

    4. Instantaneous communication meant there was less time for decisionmaking. Responses had to be more immediate.

      This is one of the things I hate most about cellular devices and the streamlining of cummincation. You are given less time to process and think before compiling a response.

    5. This meant that the pace of travel by rail quickened, less time was spent waiting for trains, and the train depot as a place where people socialized, that is, exchanged general conversation, gossip and news slowly disappeared.

      It's very interesting to discuss the shift in socialization at transportation centers as a result of the standardization of time. Being able to track when trains and buses are coming compared to waiting for them is a huge advancement in technology. However, this does take away those personal connections you may have been able to foster through these commutes. We see this drastically now with the smart phone and other devices. You rarely see strangers making connections on public transportation.

    1. The American District Telegraph Company employs on an average 550 boys, who are distributed throughout the city among twenty-three offices.

      This telegraph company is severely different from the one mentioned above. It has respect and regard for its workers and allowing them a more enjoyable work experience. The inclusion of a more set schedule with rules and a respectable pay is also important for creating a safe work environment.

    2. Every week, a certain sum is deducted from his wages, and thus the clothes are purchased without being a severe tax on him, as it would be if he was required to make full payment at the outset, since most of the boys have to give their wages to the support of their homes

      I think that the lest these companies could do is provide uniforms. Without the telegraph boys, the world simply would not run -- so to show little to no appreciation for their work is hard to read. I think that they are seen as busy bees and not real people with lives and families to take care of.

    3. If the average time becomes greater than this, the superintendent at once concludes that some of the boys are becoming dilatory, and he examines the whole record to find out who are the lazy ones, and calls them to account.

      Another example of an abuse of power is to berate performance in front of other employees. Especially for such a job where you are always on the move and don't have control over outside factors which may impact your performance.

    4. how far a boy will have to walk in a day, delivering these messages and returning to the office? Not less than nineteen miles!

      The fact that they are doing all of this walking for two and a half cents is crazy. This is an insane abuse of power and the boys should 100% be payed more and compensated hourly for their work, as this is an extensive laborious job.

    5. the boys are not paid by the day or week, but so much for each message delivered. This gives every boy an incentive to deliver every message as promptly as possible, and to hurry back for another one.

      This statement shocked me and seems like an abuse of power. To pay them a set price depending on how many messages they deliver when delivery locations vary, boys have different walking speeds and other factors outside of their control. I am unsure on how I feel about this as I can see how it may allow them to measure productivity, however I don't think it is a senstive and humane way to address labor and pay.

  2. Jan 2025
    1. Does that make them history? And if so, can we understand them, as some politicians in the nineties apparently did, as transparent windows to the world of the past?

      I think to a point, these programs can be considered history. Some shows accurately tell the stories of their time period, while also highlighting fictional characters and stories surrounding them. They can indirectly represent the ideologies of the time period and address sensitive topics.

    2. Not only were all the families affluent and mysteriously non-ethnic, so was everyone else in their neighborhood and social circle.

      This is important to note when we think about history and the accurate depiction of all people and cultures. Current television is still trying to accomplish this, with the incorporation of non-traditional characters into programming. This encapsulates characters of color, LGBTQ+ status, language dubbing, and more. There is no way for television to represent every persons experience, but the inclusion of these chracters makes media more relatable and accurate.

    1. Experience in examining past situations provides a constructively critical sense that can be applied to partisan claims about the glories of national or group identity.

      This is true in the sense that by examining past behaviors, you can potentially predict future behaviors or outcomes of a group of people.

    2. Studying the stories of individuals and situations in the past allows a student of history to test his or her own moral sense, to hone it against some of the real complexities individuals have faced in difficult settings.

      This idea of studying the stories of past individuals to learn from them and compare your morals to is very interesting. For example, studying the hardships and triumphs of individuals like Martin Luther King Jr. and Rosa Parks can inspire young people to use their voices and stand up for what they think is right. You can gain inspiration from those who came before you and allow that to shape your goals for your present and future.

    3. Sometimes fairly recent history will suffice to explain a major development, but often we need to look further back to identify the causes ofchange.

      This quote explains the need for history in a very compelling way. Often times history repeats itself, or has happened in a similar capacity before. In order to find long-term solutions, you may have yo go back in time to discover if it has happened before, how it was reconciled, and ways to recreate or improve the solution. By studying history, you are able to learn and do better than previous attempts. This is due to changes in environment, resources, and technology.