often the byproduct of systemic neglect and structural inequality, where vulnerable populations are rendered expendable
Nixon, Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor.
13 Matching Annotations
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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elevated blood lead levels in children
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Blood Lead Levels in Children — Flint, Michigan, 2015.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 65, no. 25 (2016): 650–654.
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slow violence
Nixon, Rob. Slow Violence and the Environmentalism of the Poor. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2011.
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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reinforced patterns in which Black communities disproportionately bear environmental burdens
Ibid.
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denying them adequate institutional support between 2014 and 2018
Okunade, Olugbenga. “The Flint Water Crisis and the Perpetuation of Environmental Racism in Flint, Michigan (2014–2018).” Journal of African American Studies 28, no. 3 (2024): 233–250.
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probably not have occurred in a more affluent white suburb
Ibid.
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crisis as a manifestation of systemic racism
Michigan Civil Rights Commission. The Flint Water Crisis: Systemic Racism Through the Lens of Flint. Lansing: Michigan Department of Civil Rights, 2017.
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deprioritized the health and safety of marginalized communities
Mascarenhas, Michael. “The Flint Water Crisis and the Racialization of Environmental Injustice.” Environmental Justice 13, no. 2 (2020): 39–43.
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scalar.lafayette.edu scalar.lafayette.edu
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elevated blood lead levels in children
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. “Blood Lead Levels in Children — Flint, Michigan, 2015.” Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 65, no. 25 (2016): 650–654.
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not always immediately visible or even recognized as violence
Rodgers andO’Neill, “Infrastructural Violence: Introduction to the Special Issue.”
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conceptualize infrastructural violence
Rodgers andO’Neill, “Infrastructural Violence: Introduction to the Special Issue.”
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lead from aging pipes to leach into drinking water
Campbell, Carla, Rachael Greenberg, Deepa Mankikar, and Ronald D. Ross. “A Case Study of Environmental Injustice: The Failure in Flint.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13, no. 10 (2016): 951.
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infrastructural violence
Rodgers, Dennis, and Bruce O’Neill. “Infrastructural Violence: Introduction to the Special Issue.” Ethnography 13, no. 4 (2012): 401–412.
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