There must be a way to protect both, without basing something on a surrogacy. I feel when reading these that sometimes it get way more over complicated to me. Biodiversity hotspots are extremely important, and many of those habitats are being destroyed. This is concerning, but you can protect more species if you protect these spots. so it is understandable why they would choose species rich cites to protect. But many species that are endangered are in places where there is little biodiversity, and their niech was small to begin with, and then you add anthropogenic effects on top of that and we decreasing this habitat that is already small to begin with. If this is overlooked there may be no species to look back at when this surrogacy is figured out.

It seems here that they are using their affluence, or creditable to get these people land ownership, and then they uses it to teach them skills. But what it doesn't seem like is that they are teaching these people what the reason is for doing this. they are increasing the wealth of this land, and when people have more money they tend to use it on things that usually don't impact our environment in a good way. I find myself happy that they are helping these people decrease on livestock as that will not increase the quality for wild life, but it will increase the quality of life for these people as well. As they will be less prone to zoonotic diseases that may come from overcrowding of live stock. But I'm confused on how they are improving their availability to makerkets, as this may involve another animal, car or cutting down trees/disrupting the environment to make roads or road like surfaces. This aspect does not seem like conservation to me. The main thing that will benefit anyone when it comes to conservation is education. Often times if people are being pushed and or forced they may push back.

This has been something that I have often thought about. In terms of deforestation, why don't people re plant the trees that they are completely destroying miles of each year? This would be a god start. I do not think that this would sole any problems, because of the amount of trees taken down each year. In oder to farm trees to meet the demand of humans there will be extreme amounts of land. It takes years for some trees to be suitable for making timber. Also while these trees are growing they may create a habitat for animals that will again be cut down.This would be an extremely hard decision to make.

One of the biggest problems that I see with everything to do with conservation is that humans think they own everything. They think that if it was put on earth it is ours for the taking. But the reality is, is that every time we own land sell land or build something new on cleared land were taking away from the animals and plants that provide ecosystem services. 60% of 2.3 billion acres is an insane amount of land. Thats about 1.4 billion acres of land that people can practically do with as they please. Yet some people are lucky to get a home with a half and acre to accompany it. I am interested to see how much land is privately owned of the world as a whole.

One of the biggest problems that I see with everything to do with conservation is that humans think they own everything. They think that if it was put on earth it is ours for the taking. But the reality is, is that every time we own land sell land or build something new on cleared land were taking away from the animals and plants that provide ecosystem services. 60% of 2.3 billion acres is an insane amount of land. Thats about 1.4 billion acres of land that people can practically do with as they please. Yet some people are lucky to get a home with a half and acre to accompany it. I am interested to see how much land is privately owned of the world as a whole.

This is extremely interesting to me because there is so much information on freshwater ecosystems and how we effect them. One example being salt run off from the road ways, and how it effects fresh water ecosystems. I often find that people will exclude things when they know that they need it. If we stopped salting roads there would be so many problems. But we could also work on making an alternative instead of progressing with the damage we are causing.

This is an extremely important topic. Many of the plants in tropical areas are used for medicine. Medicine that people use every day. with the thought that, many of these plants will become extinct because of us, and before we can find them means that we will know nothing about them. We will be unable to protect them. It also means that we hurt ourselves in this situation by damaging the world that we should be presurving.

Fire can be an important part of biodiversity. Some plants need fire in order to spread their gametes and spore. It is often crucial for some plant species survival. do early successional plant take time to thrive once the environment has burned, or does a specific stage start because some environments require it?

It is extremely saddening to think that humans are not only destroying species at an alarming rate due to the list provided by the reading, but also in climate change. Climate change has been talked about for a very long time. And many big businesses seem to ignore it in hopes that it will go away, and things won't have to change. The problem with this is that it seems like nothing is going to dramatically change until it starts effecting humans. As it has with some of the fires and other natural disasters that may occur.

As anyone would naturally move when their current living situation is uncomfortable these animals are trying to do the same, but can't because we're already in there way.

The only way things are going to change is if people are educated about what is going on. This "climate change isn't real" stuff needs to stop, and people in higher power need to put regulations on everyday life or else this will only continue. The entire world needs to work together as a whole to fight what is coming our way.

If the glaciers completely melt in the 15 years stated earlier in the chapter, will we be able to stop what has happened. Usually positive feedback loops are non reversible. For example Pregnancy is a positive feedback loop, and isn't complete until birth. As Glaciers moved they created significant biodiversity in plant life as they carried seeds and other things with them. And it seems as these glaciers are leaving us the biodiversity in many cases is leaving which feels ironic in a way. And it is all caused by humans.

At what point does and invasive species become a native species? A species that is invasive that has been brought over from somewhere a long time ago, and people know it to be in that area, but it has already done its full potential of damage. That is now it's new environment. I know that that is not where it is from, but it now accompanies new land, and may have new alleles because of its new environment. maybe producing new species. And Is that species non-native if it comes from a native, and a non-native species?

After reading someone annotation earlier about the need for hunting, or in this case fishing, when we have farming. Got me thinking about the fish farming that does currently happen, but also causes many problems in itself. Many farmed animals are bred to be larger or genetically modified to be larger to feed more humans. it also doesn't help that people eat portions that a way to large to begin with. These genetic modifications can and will be harmful in many cases if they are exposed to the environment.

There have been a few examples of genetically modified fish escaping the containment, and reproducing to out compete the natural fish species. Usually because they are in need of more food because they are larger.

It really seems that in efforts to decrease there are going to be problems along the way. These problems may end up indirectly affecting the species you were trying to avoid harming.

At this point all of the readings are starting to come together. The large populations of humans. deforestation, hunting, fishing, everything stems from the lack of knowledge or care for the environment that we live in. Humans have need, but the resources that we have are running out due to the 'overdoing' of everything that humans lay their hands on.

This makes me think of the development of agriculture, technology, and the rapid colonization of humans in specific areas. This "snapshot" is like the timeline of events leading to the present day of complete destruction of habitats that could otherwise be avoided.

This makes me think about how the forests in NH were impacted severely due logging, but has since had some recovery. I am curious if this would even be possible due to the speed and severity of the deforestation. If there is too much damage these plants and animal species in these biodiversity hot spots will be long gone before we even discover some of them. If there were a hult in the deforestation, I believe that there would be some sort of rehabilitation for these areas. I am unsure if they will ever be able to get back to their 'full' potential.

I find this so interesting because water is so important to us as we are made up of 73% of it, yet it can be harmful to. Often causing death from natural disasters. The impact that Humans have on the water is detrimental. humans are polluting one of the most important things in our lives, and intern harming the environment and the many organisms in it.

is this the endosymbiotic theory?

if biodiversity is the the amount of species within in an ecosystem, and with that how many species. In ecosystems that have primarily been studied do you think that there could be a specific measurement there? Rather than as a whole. I do not think that we will be able to know or measure biodiversity, as species are constantly evolving and new species are emerging. Once we account for unknown species there will be more unknown species for us to discover.

I found it interesting to think that the concept of ecosystem is less than a hundred years old. This stood out because it a large part of education, even in young adolescent years. We are now aware of the importance of each ecosystem, and how they can be dramatically impacted when a part of the system is taken away.