To demystify reading and support students in learning to read like writers, writing teachers must:

Take, for example, the research paper, a staple in this model of FYC. All too often, this assignment has no audience other than the teacher, no purpose beyond earning a grade, leaving students with little motivation to locate quality sources and use them thoughtfully.

For example, an English III (junior-level) practice test published by Pearson for the State of Tennessee Department of Education in 2012 included 49 multi-ple-choice questions asking students to identify correct punctua-tion, combine or rearrange sentences, and determine the meaning of specialized vocabulary

This hierarchy is evidenced by the universal first-year writing requirement in American colleges and universities, as well as by writing across the curriculum programs.