If your conclusion says almost the exact same thing as your introduction, it may indicate that you have not done enough critical thinking during the cours
I never thought of it this way. I will try my best to make sure that my concluding paragraph deviates from my introductory paragraph and demonstrates the critical thinking that I have done on the topic.
OUNTERARGUMENT PARAGRAPHoPURPOSE:To anticipate your reader’s objections; make yourself sound more objective and reasonable. oOptional; usually 1-2 paragraphs topsoWhat possibleargument might your reader pose against your argument and/or some aspect of your reasoning? Insert one or more of those arguments here and refute them. oEnd paragraph with a concluding sentence that reasserts your paper’s claim
I did not know that this was supposed to be its own paragraph. Is it possible to weave counterarguments into the body paragraphs?
Introduce your evidence either in a few words(As Dr. Brown states ―...‖) or in a full sentence(―To understand this issue we firstneed to look at statistics).
I plan on using a substantial amount of statistical evidence to support the arguments that I will make in my essay.
Definition of key terms
There are very few, if any, scientific terms or jargon that I will need to educate my audience on with the topic I have chosen.
ACKGROUND PARAGRAPHo1-2 paragraphs tops; Optional (can omit for some papers). Also, sometimes this info is incorporated into the introduction paragraph
I will not be using a background paragraph. I will tie any background information that I am using into my introductory paragraph.
Transitions: An effective essay will show the connection between paragraphs with transitions. These can be the final sentence of each body paragraphor can be integrated into the next topic sentencewith transition words.
This is something that I need to work on. I need to incorporate good transitory words that will connect my paragraphs and help to tie the material together from paragraph to paragraph.
Each body paragraphwill begin with a topic sentence which introduces its topic
I will be using this strategy in my research essay. I like to begin with an argument. Something that requires backing up. I then will support this argument with facts from reputable sources that will substantiate what I am arguing.
Low murder rate in Britain, Australia (etc., where strict controls are in force.
This is a great example of how a paper can include rhetoric that opponents will undoubtedly counter with and then dispel opposition with solid arguments.
Any well-written argument must anticipate and address positions in opposition to the one being argued.
This is the toughest part of a good essay in my opinion. An effective paper will not run away from what opponents will counter with, but instead, will face them head-on.
10,561 murders in 1990 by handguns
This is an excellent example of concrete evidence that supports the claim being made. I plan on having specific statistics that will help to substantiate the argument my paper is making.
This is the heart of your essay. Generally, you begin with a general statement that you back up with specific details or example
The bulk of my paper, the "meat and potatoes" of it, will be evidence that is supporting the argument that I made in my introduction and thesis statement.
he basic information he or she needs to understand your position. This could be part of the introduction, but may work as its own section.
The research sources that I have found have a great deal of information that supports the importance of communication to the longevity of a marriage. I will use expert testimony to support my thesis in the body of the essay.
Your introductory paragraph sets the stage or the context for the position you are arguing for
I will definitely use this strategy in my research paper. I want to prepare the reader for what they are going to be reading about for the next 3-5 pages.
It seems like a good idea to go through these litmus tests prior to getting engaged to someone.
This does not make me want to get married!
"Issues must be discussed but not turn into fights." This is easier said than done I am sure.
I like how this is worded: "in their nonextreme form, each tendency is actually very positive."
The aggressive pursuit of a man asking "what's wrong" or "why won't you talk to me" is the worst possible way to get someone to open up.
I think that generally speaking, men are much more likely to "avoid conflict" than women.
This is sadly a common theme- men bottle up their emotions and seek out an affair instead of addressing their grievances with their wife.
lower the cost and the higher the reward potential, the more likely a spouse is to attempt that type of conflict resolu- tion strategy,
This makes perfect sense.
It has long been noted that the poor generally have higher rates of marital dissolution than those financially better off,
I am not surprised by this. There would be more tension.
Relative to white families, Black families have long had higher rates of marital dissolution
I did not know this.
the increased resources available to wives permit more ready divorce or separation, especially if conflicts cannot be settled
This must be the reason the rates of divorce have spiked.
When conflict resolution is primarily a question of author- ity, it is hypothesized that dissolution rates will tend to be low and, in cases of marital dissolution, it will typically be the husband who initiates the action
This is interesting. I guess the girl just doesn't have options available to her?
In very recent years, some wives have finally begun to muster some control resources, most noticeably of a financial nature.
I really hope this trend continues.
. Not only was she likely to lack the financial wherewithal to do SO,^ traditionally, the social stigma attached to divorced women was much greater than that at- tached to divorced men
I am really happy that this stigma has decreased or almost disappeared entirely.
The major control resources available to many wives were the threatened or real withdrawal of sex, love, and/or respect, as suggested by Waller’s (1938) principle of least interest (see also Safilios-Rothschild, 1970). Even here, however, husbands usually had greater resources. If their wives withdrew sex, they coufd seek and find it elsewhere without social stigma. Wives could not, however, do. likewise if their husbands withdrew sexually.
Life was so unfair back then.
uring the past 50 to 75 years, the authority of husbands has gradually been eroded in custom and, especially, in law.
Amen to that.
In such a system wives would, by definition, usually accede to the dictates of their husbands.
Those poor poor things.
Chafetr / CONFLICT RESOLUTION IN MARRIAGE 41 I Our heritage of English Common Law, combined with cus- tom and Judeo-Christian theologies, granted husbands virtu- ally total authority over wives in the past in this socie
I am so glad I was born when I was...
n analyzing decision-making among spouses, it is apparent that, much of the time, attempts are made to compromise, or to engage in behaviors designed to be minimally disruptive of marital cohesiveness and maximally rewarding to both spouses.
This seems very logical.
At least in the past, the husband had authority over his wife in many, if not most, areas of decision-making.
Thank heavens society has evolved in this regard!
poverty supports the concern that marital dissolution creates problems beyond the psychological impact on family members.
This reminds me of Maslow's Hierarchy.... You have to have basic needs met before one can concern themselves with things like fulfillment and marital satisfaction.
ising rates of marital dissolution characterize most indus- trialized societies.
I find this a really sad statistic.
I would not have guessed that "effective communication between husband and wife is the most important aspect of well-functioning families." I knew it was important, but I didn't know it was THE most important thing.
It is no surprise that "there is a high degree of satisfaction about the way in which personal needs and interests are satisfied."
It is interesting to me that spending time separately in differing leisure pursuits, "will contribute to the quality of the relationship."
It is notable that everyone has conflict, but the marriages that work "have the skills and abilities to solve conflicts so that mutual satisfaction is achieved."
I had not thought about religion and the role that it plays in conflict resolution.
I find it interesting that men are "more satisfied than women with the communication in the marital relationship." I wonder if this is because their expectations are lower in this domain?
Women rate themselves as more "satisfied" with marriage in the beginning of their union. I wonder if they are optimistic or if getting busier and older is what lessens their level of satisfaction?
I find it interesting that men are more adaptable in the beginning stages of marriage than they are as the marriage progresses.
WD: Yes, I do. YC: It was Christmas, 2010.
The interview seems really in sync. It is obvious that both speakers are listening to each other and waiting for the other to finish what they have to say before speaking.
: It’s really amazing. And that gave me motivation because I’m here in the United States by myself with my kids. And I know that it’s hard. That Christmas dinner, it’s not just a meal; it’s try to make you guys feel like we are family.
Both speakers do a great job of allowing the other to finish what they are saying. They don't cut each other off and wait for pauses before interjecting.
It’s just, you don’t make us feel homeless. You know us by names and faces. And we know you all care. Before I met you, Yelitza, I pretty much almost gave up. But that home-cooked meal, it just brought my self-esteem back up. And now I’ve got my own place an
This is a fabulous tribute to Yelitza. It shows her kindness and that she is willing to treat everyone as her equal.
That night, I finished all the stuff in the kitchen and when I got to the buffet tables, you guys all together start singing the Feliz Navidad song. And I said, ”Oh my gosh, you’re singing in Spanish.” And I just started crying.
This is very honest and reveals the interviewer's vulnerability. She is expressing how moved she was by the guests singing in her native language.
My kids and me, we was driving and it was raining and really cold. And we saw a guy with a sign asking for some help. And I just give him five dollars. And my daughters asked me, ”Mommy, why we don’t take him to dinner?” I say, ”Okay, let’s make a u-turn.” But he was not there. And we were thinking we have to do something. Willie, you remember the first dinner together?
The interviewer does a great job of providing a background for the story. She illustrates the events that transpired so that Willie can participate easily.
I remember walking up with you and having my head in your shoulder.
The timing of this remark was excellent. She allows her dad to finish speaking before interjecting.
I really admire your strength.
This comment opens up the opportunity for the most powerful exchange of the interview. It is an overwhelming sense of admiration that both father and daughter have for each other.
So, technically I already graduated from college.
This is really clever. It injects humor into the interview and keeps the mood light despite the emotional content being discussed.
Were you ever embarrassed bringing me to class? Or just having me in general?
This is an excellent question. It forces the interviewee to answer honestly, which he does. And really allows her dad to open up about what it was like having a child to take care of while a student.
The thing I love about you, you never give up on me. That’s one of the things I will always remember about my dad.
Aidan's pacing is really good. He waits for his dad to finish what he is saying before moving onto his next statement.
when children are born, children come out with their fists closed
I had never thought of this, it is really clever!
So Dad, what are your dreams for me?
I really like this question. It gives the dad the opportunity to mention what his goals are for his son.
So dad, why do you take me to protests so much?
This is a great open-ended question. For a young child, Aidan really knows how to start an interview off with an interesting questions that requires a thoughtful answer.
But we are so dumb and used to having low expectations that we grumble about it, and then don't do anything about it.
This author is very honest.
Guys will put more energy into maintaining their car than they will into maintaining their marriage, and if you don't maintain something, it breaks."
I love this analogy!
"It's good for your children to see you go off for the weekend and leave them at home,"
The kids may not know this at the time, they will probably be screaming and crying.
"that couples figure out how to please each other better than strangers do."
This makes sense. Practice makes perfect... ha ha
While too much independence ― the kind that leads to infidelity or workaholism ― is a marriage breaker, too much dependence isn't the answer either. "Every good marriage is based on an awful lot of separation," Nock says. "People need to have a separate life and existence to feel validated as individuals. They can't live solely as somebody's partner."
It sounds like moderation is the key...
"I'm going to behave myself because I'm committed to this relationship,"
Why would anyone get married if they were not committed to their relationship?
"From my perspective, the hardest thing is issues of commitment and trust,"
What a sad commentary on the values of our society that we cannot keep a promise we have made.
divorce rate for first marriages is still about 47%.
I am a glass-full person so this is great that more than half of all first marriages succeed!
Marriage in America is becoming more like a luxury car ―― in other words a BMW, not a Harvester.
This is an interesting analogy. I hate to admit that it is true.
As marriage with children becomes the exception rather than the norm
This is a scary thought. How is the next generation going to support us as we age if our population is declining other than rampant immigration.
If you're running a farm with someone, it doesn't matter if you're pissed at her or not. You need her labor as much as she needs yours. The couple is more or less equally dependent on each other."
I never thought of this. It is true that fewer and fewer families are making their livelihood together. When you don't need someone, it is easier to walk away.
Once it was simple. You got married, had kids, worked the land, and stayed married whether you could stand each other or not. The concept of "a happy marriage" was no more relevant than the idea of "a pretty tractor."
I love this introduction! It is so true. There used to be a stigma attached to getting divorced so people didn't do it. Today that stigma is gone and the "success" rate of marriages has crumbled. This quote leads us to believe that people are no less happy today than in previous generations, but it is just the acceptance of divorce that has changed.
Fight fair.
I need to work on this. I think eventually you learn that it is more important to resolve conflict than to win the argument.
Respect one another's need for privacy and space.
I like this. I think a lot of young couples smother each other. I believe that independence is necessary for a great relationship.
Be open to compromise.
This is easier said than done. It is a tough transition I am sure to go from answering to nobody to suddenly having another person to consider once getting married.
Like one another and be friends with each other.
I have heard that it is wise to marry your best friend. This makes perfect sense since we all get old and wrinkled and the looks eventually fade.
Continue to be committed to each other and celebrate your sense of commitment.
I feel like fidelity is a dying trait. I believe that people should be committed in good times and bad.
Forgive one another.
I believe this is really important. People that hang on to grudges are only hurting themselves and the relationship cannot help but suffer as a result.
Continue to build intimacy -- both sexually and emotionally -- throughout your marriage.
I think it is very important to continue to maintain an intimate relationship as people age.
But many do have negative personal and political consequences.
Politics has always been dirty, but this era today with the internet has made the spread of disinformation a major factor in elections.
Participants with higher levels of education also felt that they had greater control over their political environment — they were less likely to report feeling powerless when watching how events unfold in the news, and more likely to agree with a statement such as: "Citizens can influence government decisions;" or "It is possible to object against government decisions."
I think that is because these people often have money and the ability to enact change. It is the poor that don't have the resources to do anything about their plight that feel powerless.
This suggests that education reduces over-attribution of agency and intentionality, and that this reduction decreases the appeal of conspiracy theories, which often posit one or more agents behind a constellation of potentially unrelated events.
This is really interesting. It makes perfect sense.
Additionally, a variety of demographic factors have been found to predict conspiratorial thinking, including low levels of education.
This doesn't surprise me at all.
there are more general characteristics about some individuals or their environment that make them more or less inclined towards conspiratorial thinking.
I am quite curious to read what these characteristics are??
half of respondents endorsed at least one conspiracy theory, such as the claim that Barack Obama was born outside the United States or that the financial crisis was deliberately orchestrated by a group of Wall Street bankers.
Half? That is unbelievable. It shows how powerful the media is.
Conspiracy theories, which typically involve one or more powerful agents secretly manipulating world events, are accepted by a large proportion of Americans.
This is really sad. I don't like that we can't trust those in positions of authority to report the truth.
And the man named by Trump to serve as national security adviser, retired Lt. Gen. Michael Flynn, has repeatedly pushed unfounded conspiracy theories online.
That is disinformation!
Trump praised Jones for having an "amazing" reputation and his audience for its support.
Shocking.
Southern Poverty Law Center, which monitors hate groups, says his attacks inspire a strong following among racists.
I can understand why. He is supporting Trump and bashing Obama. I would be surprised if he wasn't blaming immigrants for destroying America.
President Obama would round up people into concentration camps.
This is ludicrous!
"I may just have to take off a week and just only research this and actually go to where these places are and stuff," Jones said. "Fact, I'm looking at getting on a plane. ... I can't just say something and not see it for myself. They go to these pizza places. There's like satanic art everywhere."
I cannot believe this guy has 1.8 million people following him. He sounds like a third grader.
Wow! I cannot imagine how hard the initial meeting must have been.
It is really powerful when she calls her daughter her "angel" and tells her that she "saved her life."
It would have been embarrassing to be in shackles in the maternity ward.
I never knew they had parts in jails for "mommies and babies."
I really like that they refused to take family pictures and that she wouldn't buy new clothes until her husband returned from the war.
I really liked his advice to his granddaughter about getting old, saying "it's coming" makes us realize that aging is universal.
I like that he referred to his wife as a "spicy meatball."
Avoid unnecessarily inflated words.Instead of Usecognizant of aware of, knowfacilitate helpimpact on affectimplement start, create, carry out, beginsubsequent to afterutilize use
Good writing isn't showing off one's vocabulary, it is inserting the right words into the appropriate sentences.
Consumer demand is rising in the area of services.b. Consumer demand for services is rising.c. Consumers are demanding more services.
If nouns that are "specific" are used, it helps to eliminate wordiness.
It was her last argument that finally persuaded me.b. Her last argument finally persuaded me.c. There are likely to be many researchers raising questions about this methodologicalapproach.d. Many researchers are likely to raise questions about this methodological approach
I think it was the the author, Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, who said "Perfection is achieved, not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing left to take away."
is aware, has knowledge of ----------> knowsb. is taking --------> takesc. are indications --------> indicated. are suggestive --------> suggests
Less is more!
Put the action of the sentence in the verb. Don't bury it in a noun or blur it acrossthe entire sentence.
I really like the way this is worded. The sentences has two excellent verbs that accentuate the message it is attempting to make.
This principle creates an effect called coherence, which is closely related to unity. Whereas unity refers to the clear relationship between the body of a paragraph and its topic sentence and between the parts and the whole, coherence refers to the clear relationship between one sentence and the next, between part and part.
I found this a bit confusing. We have the transitional word "This" starting the sentence, but the short sentence only mentions what the next sentence is going to elaborate upon. I feel like neither one follows the old/new contract because the process takes place in two separate sentences?
Writers can also use transition words such as first . . . , second . . ., third . . . or therefore or however t
Are there more transitional words that are acceptable to use? I dislike the lack of variety of always having to use the same words to link sentences.
hen the reader reads these pronouns, they subconsciously know that they are referring back to the subjects in the old information. Therefore, we are linking back to the old information and creating clarity
I like that this allows for some variety in the writing instead of always opening sentences in exactly the same manner.
Repeating keywords:Repeating a keyword from a preceding sentence or an earlier sentence is one of the most common ways to connect your sentences to old information.
I like this advice. I find it really helpful to continuously remind myself what my topic is so that I do not go off-course.
This paragraph does not comply with the old/new contract. Since the speaker discusses movies that they have recently seen in the first sentence, it would cause less work for the reader’s mind if the second sentence opened with familiar information. The familiar information is the fact that the speaker has recently seen a movie. Then, the speaker can discuss the content of the movie they’ve recently seen, which would be new information.
I don't know if I find that much of a difference between these two examples. If the content is virtually the same, I am not sure why it matters which one comes first? I think that the main reason that this method is useful is that something will not just 'stick out' because it wasn't properly explained.
The old/new contract is a method that prevents gaps or confusion in your writing by linking your essay’s older information—something that has been mentioned before in your essay—before presenting new information
I think that this is an effective way to smoothly transition new thoughts into an essay. It is helpful for a writing in ensuring that the reader is not confused by seeing a random reference all by itself. I think it really helps to allow a logical progression to take place in an essay.
“The poem becomes more interesting to you as you grow older,
I sure hope so, because right now it didn't do too much for me. Ha ha
He’s not romantic about farming at all, instead talking about the winter’s ‘sleety dribble’, and the ‘cranreuch cauld’
I don't find all that much to be romantic about with farming either. Before the mechanization of farming, it was a lot of hard labor.
Readers miss “the sadness and despair contained within the lines of this poem,”
I definitely missed the sadness in the poem. I was struggling to find words that I found familiar and not focused on deciphering the emotion contained within the poem.