In this excerpt, Friar John is introduced and becomes a great friend to Gargantua. Although many of us believe religious figures to be of a pure heart, Friar John has all the bad traits of a lustful, gluttonous, and ignorant man who so happened to receive the Abbey of Theleme as a reward for being a hero in the war. The thesis by Ashley Robb talks about monks and how they are "critiqued for disfiguring religion, and other followers of superstitious beliefs, such as pilgrims" (34). It is clear from the many examples in the story that Friar John is not a man of gratitude nor graciousness as he is referred to.

https://etd.ohiolink.edu/apexprod/rws_etd/send_file/send?accession=bgsu1336258300&disposition=inline

The Thelemites are described as the people of Theleme which refers to the monastery that Gargantua had built as a way for individuals to strive together and where anything was possible. The small reference page suggests that this was a "very real concept of utopia and the ideal society". Everyone lived their lives in respect to their free will, meaning that they did not do anything with govern interference. The idea behind this type of society was that men that were born free acted in a virtuous manner and were held to a higher degree of honor. The chapter also references what the women did and what they valued with the use of their time.

http://artandpopularculture.com/Abbey_of_Th%C3%A9l%C3%A8me

In chapter 41, Gargantua is having trouble falling asleep and so the monk suggests a way that they can both fall asleep soundly, as the monk himself has trouble sleeping unless he is at sermon or in a state of prayer. The monk suggests that they begin "The seven penitential psalms". According to the article explaining the psalms they act as a "kind of spiritual ladder" in which one can rid themselves of sin. Each psalm acts as a riddance of some sin and it must be followed to arrive at some point, in this case being able to sleep soundly for Gargantua. The first psalm, the sixth is perhaps the most important as it commences the process by insinuating thoughts of Gargantua's enemies which might be one of many reasons for his lack of sleep.

https://www.stjohncatholicmclean.org/worship-the-lord/prayers/seven-penitential-psalms-in-english/

This excerpt aligns with the perspective of both Sancho's and Quixote imagination and more so how Sancho's time with Quixote has rendered his mind permeable to all of the delusions that he had conjured up. The passage seems to suggest an "invented love" that Don Quixote has manifested out of his image of Dulcinea, a girl who is anything but the beauty that he believes her to be, simply a figment of his expansive and lucrative imagination. The revision I read stated that "Don Quixote is a character who at first appears to be ruled by the suggestions of his active imagination" (Brock 1). This excerpt seems to suggest that all of Don Quixote's actions are a byproduct of his fantasies but despite this he adheres to a set of principles that go unbroken until the conclusion of the novel where he eventually grows ill and dies.

https://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/60966/21l-002-3-spring-2004/contents/assignments/donquixote_rewri.pdf

The second circle of hell holds all who have succumbed to lust. Dante-author makes it clear that society as well as himself do not hold lust as the greatest sin as it is towards the beginning of their journey through hell. It is interesting how he chose to envision this section with "winds striking back and forth for eternity". In the article explaining the societal corruption that arises from such endeavors it states "The circle of lust is filled with figures of great social responsibility, queens and princes, who chose indulgence of their passions over duty to their peoples" (Ferrante). This excerpt suggest that even those who are seen as prestigious and pure in the physical world are at the mercy of God and his judgement. Instead of adhering to their responsibilities, those of which decided the lives of many, they instead chose to act on libido.

https://digitaldante.columbia.edu/criticism-context/scholars-works/political-visions/the-corrupt-society/

This very excerpt from the poem suggests the importance of the Knights Code of Chivalry and how honor played a huge role in the social and moral respect of the time. It states in the article that "A knight was expected to have not only the strength and skills to face combat but to also be able to uphold this aggressive side of a knight with a chivalrous side to his nature". This describes Arthur's unwavering pride at the hands of "death" which is quite inevitable as the game presented by the Green Knight was nothing more than a death sentence. King Arthur in this instance was clearly exhibiting shame for the members of the round table, who did not want to participate in the game. Even so he knew someone needed to represent them and for all the consequences that were to arise from this event he needed to set an example for his kingdom and his people.

https://www.scasd.org/cms/lib/PA01000006/Centricity/Domain/1487/Knights%20Code%20of%20Chivalry.pdf

This excerpt from the passage might seem a bit overwhelming as the phrasing is a bit odd to modern language but I think I arrived at a general basis for what Krishna is saying in the beginning of this chapter. The practice of Yoga to many have a direct correlation to harmony and control but Krishna considers another meaning, one that might surprise many. Yoga is learning to let go, it is to detach oneself from their desires and thus coming to the realization that the desire has a direct link to the pain we all face in life. By letting go of those desires you are breaking the tether that binds you to worldly aspects. Ones soul can turn into an enemy if hatred takes over.

Source: V, Jayaram. Descriptions of Soul or Atman In The Bhagavad Gita. HInduWebsite.com. https://www.hinduwebsite.com/soul.asp

Lysistrata remarks that the idea of war and the continuity of it for so many years is pointless. Lysistrata not only voices her own opinion but also that of her fellow citizen's who are also women and have been silenced by society. The text underlines real issues that many Athenian women suffered through, bearing the responsibility of childbirth and dramatic scenery while the men were out fighting for a pointless cause. The silencing was more prominent in the end portion where she states that "although well all the while in our silence we knew". This excerpt explains that the war had no meaning, as the actions still played out the same in society, a wretched every day scenario of unfortunate events. Peace in Greece was the goal, and she thought that men were not needed for such peace to occur. Athenian women were held to a different standard then Spartan women as such that the women from Athens were "viewed more as objects and thus their value was overlooked". These standards were later enforced and worsened once the Peloponnesian War began, the same war that Lysistrata fighting against.

Source: Nagle, Sarah. "Gender Equality in Athens and Sparta." Women in Antiquity, 1 Dec. 2020, https://womeninantiquity.wordpress.com/2020/12/01/gender-equality-in-athens-and-sparta/