Mettler et al., 2010). W

To date, there are only a handful of studies investigating the effect of protein quantity on MPS and body composition during dietary energy restriction in physically active adults. Following 5 days of dietary energy restriction in healthy, resistance-trained males and females consuming 1.4–1.6 g protein/kg/day, an acute bout of resistance exercise stimulated rates of MPS equal to levels observed during energy balance, and consumption of protein in close temporal proximity to resistance exercise resulted in elevations in MPS above rested levels during energy balance (Areta et al., 2014). In a group of physically active military personnel, consuming two and three times the RDA of protein during a 40% energy deficit for 21 days preserved the MPS response to a 20 g serving of protein and preserved skeletal muscle mass compared to a group consuming the RDA for protein (Pasiakos et al., 2013). Longland et al. (2016) demonstrated that during a 40% energy restricted diet in relatively trained but overweight young men, a resistance exercise and high-intensity interval training (HIT) program performed 6 days per week combined with a protein intake of 2.4 g protein/kg/day resulted in a significant gain in LBM after 4 weeks. Interestingly, from the same study (Longland et al., 2016), despite a 40% energy deficit, the group consuming 1.2 g protein/kg/day maintained their LBM. Equally as impressive was that the higher protein (2.4 g protein/kg/day) group lost −4.8 ± 1.6 kg of fat mass and the lower protein group (1.2 g protein/kg/day) lost −3.5 ± 1.4 kg of fat mass in only 4 weeks (Longland et al., 2016).

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