(of a mob) kill (someone), especially by hanging, for an alleged offense with or without a legal trial

poor baby :(

they made up????

show or guide (someone) somewhere

a series of petitions for use in church services or processions, usually recited by the clergy and responded to in a recurring formula by the people

Pop kills Richie because sooner or later, if the mob does not kill Richie, prison guards will! => but he is also coward that he does not willing to sacrifice himself for Richie (the dogs will not touch him if Pop is there) => Pop could have let Richie go but it can be indicated that Richie is going to die out there anyways (or if he is brought back to the prison, he is dying anyways)

another guy falls into Blue's claws but she manages to escape because Richie courageously stops him

Blue will also harm Richie if he does not obey => Richie is forced into this

enidng this once and for all => because Richie is literally disrupting Jojo's health

can symbolize the number of kids he has

strict dad to the kids

this rascal is spoiled by his mom that he misbehaves

his duty changes

context of familty magic ritual

True to that but also get him careful and prepared to grow

such an ignorant bitch

unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy or frugal

construct validity threat

low external validity

low temporal precedence --> not sure which one cause which/which one comes first

having strange or unusual habits, ways of behaving, or features

people in collectivistic culture are motivated to seek happiness through connections, relationships and community activities --> social engagement promotes higher well-being --> definition of happiness (n): social engagement, community activites, relationships, bondage --> more successful in pursuing happiness --> leads to good outcome of better mental well-being

definition of happiness influences the outcome and success rate of the process

negative correlation

the more motivated/active we are / trying to seek happiness --> the more likely that the outcome is negative (depression, loneliness, disappointment)

relating to or intended for consideration or discussion

we thought that people will work together to take vaccines and unite - conservatives or some other groups of people do not believe in that and seperate

the more important the topic is, the more important it is to be carried out in-person

encode: verbal or nonverbal message

linear model: YouTube video without a comment section

page 9 has the self-actualization down in the bottom, which is the Blackfoot culture of thinking it was granted to people in the beginning / in-born / innate / and they spend their life living up to it. The way Siksika raise their children is to create a space to express who children are instead of making them the best they can be.

Blackfoot scholar Billy Wadsorth says that Maslow did not “fully situate the individual within the context of community". While this is true on the missing part of Maslow's Hierachy of Needs, he continued on saying something that I disagree as well: "the model would be centered on multi-generational community actualization versus on individual actualization and transcendence". I interpret this as almost total dependence on community without a sense of individualism

I like Maslow more on how he thinks that basic needs, ensuring safety and creating the conditions is for individuals. While I also agree with the Blackfoot interpretation that it is a community responsibility as well, they actually mean living within the community or tribe forever. I think this hinders the process of knowing how to survive on one's own when the community falls into chaos and inorder. It does not mean that we have to isolate ourselves from them, but to survive.

I agree with Maslow because to me, self-actualization is a learning and exploring process of the self, which makes humans unique to one another. It has to be something that we have to go search for. Because people understand themselves in different ways.

because once the imaginary world is spilled into reality, all the extremity, best and worse one can ever imagine will actually happen to them or others.

in physicality, it is horrendous and destructive

in mentality or in an abstract way, it is spoiled

state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully

unnecessary, especially through being more than enough:

the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles; moral uprightness:

prepared to obey others unquestioningly:

physical experience is inevitably present, but it is present for a purpose that serves God

archaic or dialect form of you, as the singular object of a verb or preposition

principle that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities

this is why homosexualism is seen as morally wrong and an abomination

sexual intercourse between people not married to each other

stated clearly and in detail, leaving no room for confusion or doubt

purely imaginary, not contaminated by the external world

a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially equally undesirable ones:

beyond or above the range of normal or merely physical human experience

prompted by feelings of tenderness, sadness, or nostalgia

denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis

not mapped or surveyed

of or according to the teaching of the gospel or the Christian religion

the quality of spreading widely or being present throughout an area or a group of people

relating to or tending to arouse sexual desire or excitement

Earthly desire / longing such as sex will be included or placed within union as a subordinate or component element --> turned into something that is holy and accepted by Jesus

to divert the expression of (an instinctual desire or impulse) from its unacceptable form to one that is considered more socially or culturally acceptable

=> shift focus / finding ethically alternative ways to release / express desire (in a way that honor and is accepted by God)

to be extremely joyful

1 : honor or respect for Christ

1 : a belief in human equality especially with respect to social, political, and economic affairs

2 : a social philosophy advocating the removal of inequalities among people

if you have sex, may as well marry (against the hookup culture)

you don't need sex to be happy

sinsingleness is still fine + does not unfairly criticize someone or something

singleness is still fine

only applied to those who believe in God and his teachings

create (a relationship or new conditions

lasting for a very short time

publicly declare to be wrong or evil

emphasize / underline / highlight

causing someone to lose their dignity and the respect of others

prepared to obey others unquestioningly

jump or dance around excitedly

away from the appropriate, planned, or expected course; amiss

a society focused solely on the protection of negative rights—those rights that protect individuals from interference (like the right to free speech or the right to privacy)—is incomplete.

Human rights also include positive rights, which require proactive engagement from society or the state, such as the right to education, healthcare, or social support.

=> a society based solely on noninterference would fail to meet the deeper, positive obligations that human rights encompass, which are essential for social cohesion and well-being. => fail to promote the conditions necessary for human flourishing, equality, and social justice. => active engagement is needed

based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system

an implicit assumption or background belief in discourse that is taken for granted

request for rights

death, judgment, and the final destiny of the soul and of humankind

dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical

seeking truth only for benefits makes us miss its deeper meaning and the pursuit becomes hollow

=> secondary satisfactions are just side effects (practicality) => don't focus on the outcomes

inherently valuable => divine truth / ultimate reality => not because of the benefits it brings but truth itself is worth pursuing

even if Christianity is not primarily focused on achieving specific social outcomes (i.e., it is not "socially utilitarian"), => still remains socially relevant (core moral and ethical teachings: guide Christians to actively engage with and improve society)

Grace, often associated with forgiveness, mercy, and unearned favor, shifts the focus from human efforts to achieve perfection or intellectual mastery toward a more relational and compassionate approach to societal improvement.

By emphasizing grace, this perspective highlights the importance of kindness, acceptance of human flaws, and the need for humility in building a just and harmonious society.

It reflects a view that social transformation is not just a matter of perfecting systems or individuals but recognizing the inherent need for compassion and forgiveness

faith and society is closely tighted

figure out the result, does it change or support the theory? how can we move forward in the future

participants => divided into 3 groups (manipulation check) => threats to belonging scale => real/fake decisions

This passage is saying that for people who feel socially excluded or rejected, it's helpful to recognize different emotions in others' facial expressions. But what's even more important is being able to tell the difference between real and fake emotions. If they put their time and energy into reconnecting with someone who is only pretending to be friendly, it could be a big mistake, especially since they are already in a vulnerable position.

no scientific/empirical research to back it up

this is relatable on a new level! that fear, anticipation of waiting for the other shoe to drop

alarming rate

hypothesize

from external stimuli, it goes inward into the perfectionistic child, only to adjust their behavior and goes back outward to the environment again, negatively influence other around them

=> it is a perpetuating cycle of perfectionism

actions that come along with the feelings

children's behavior towards their failure

without achieving a certain amount of perfection in one's performance, the child will feel very demotivated and disappointed as if perfection is the sole determinator for the child's self-worth and values

learning to regulate the incentive so it does not turn into something pressuring and stress-inducing is important. From here, the motivation becomes a powerful tool for one to strive for greatness + that child will feel happy and joyful during the process

use perfectionism as a defense mecahnism

detrimental to teens' health / having deleterious effects on their well-being

high expectation is different from perfectionism in a healthy way if it is regulated to a certain degree. If not, the two can be mistaken as correlation leads to causation

mistakes are seen as the ultimate boundary or the borderline impossible to cross rather than a pedal to jump to higher grounds and achieve greater deeds if they are viewed correctly

what some parents think of their children when they show some talents or skills in their early stages of life

these children think that by being perfectionistic, they will always get what they want, which is to excel far more than others. However, they are either not so much different or even fall behind their peers. In the end, this makes perfectionism more serious and is demanded even more in them which aligns with the thirst for excessive competition against others.

specific physical health concerns addressed

mental health aspects

it spreads through one another, from parents to parents that pass down to children. Because of the widespread myth, no one feels that it is abnormal and it becomes a negative standard of living among them

"Everything has to be perfect" is probably what their parents say most of the time and it becomes the inner dialogue that is injected into their minds

having to deal with so many things at such a young age that they can not get to behave and act in an age-appropriate way

mental health problems start to appear from here. Children are not allowed enough time to rest and spend for themselves but rather, are forced to live and study in a stress-inducing environment

an out-of-reach goal is perfection since it is an illusion

because of some people's ignorant and avoidant behavior as well as cruelty and lack of sympathy for others in their communities, they caused others to suffer in many different ways. I am very surprised how they could live with themselves seeing their students like this

real abuse and insult, unacceptable!!! severely damaging a little girl's mental health, making her scared and potentially cause PTSD

bear in mind that insulting someone is also insulting their family and relatives and no one wants to do that to get into real troubles that they cause to themselves

understandable that some problems are still lingering, complete abolishment can never be made on everyone's mindset about discrimination

probably distracting because she did not teach her students to concentrate on the lessons and other important stuffs in schools but rather, shift their attention to uniqueness of others and guilt-trip them

this has long been a widespread problems for the Black community throughout America, making me question this country's system and how it prides itself so much on equality and exclusivity

is this to assume that dreadlocks are messy, dirty, disease-infectious, lack of order, education interruption and disrespectful to others?

totally agree with this

evidence supporting my idea as to the discrimination brought about by the act

I will never agree with this. Psychological benefit is all about making oneself feel validated, recognized, loved and accepted for who they are, not neglecting or abandoning themselves for others. This kind of mindset from Poole is one of the contributing factors to depression in students as well as violence

"benefiting everyone" here was just an excuse for disgust and discrimination he had deep down below. America is a land of freedom for everyone and possesing itself the individualistic culture, so there is no need for any sorts of sacrifice such as this one for the good of others

this was confusing and vague, the length of the hair had nothing to do with violation with the act, unless it actually physically harmed someone around the person, but no record or evidence was shown. This was unprecedented, the act needed to be carefully revise or a new chaos and protest would be heated up soon

mess with their hairstyles and this was what he got, deserved!

freedom of slavery was one of the most important things in Black history, and we never mess with their history by making inappropriate jokes or insulting their hairstyles

it is generational, many of their members had dreadlocks for a long period of time and they felt unashamed to live with it. Then what's society problem? Black people value and embrace this hairstyle's cultural and religious importance

Black communities define the dreadlocks' meaning and why they are proud to go with this hairstyle, "hair is our connection to our soul" actually touched me and made me feel more confused as well as irritated to why many people want to verbally attack Black people for having dreadlocks. It is wrong on so many different levels

making hairstyles a problem will make the Black community feels very insulted, belittled and disrespected. From here, it will not be a surprise if they start to cause more unnecessarily chaotic fights and hatred to those around just because they could not be allowed to have their own hairstyle which is their lifestyle, dignity, self-identity and pride

why is the law an acronym of this motto? It will only create a society of more chaos, hatred, no order and more violence between different races

confused towards cruel and unmerciful punishment like this. I think it is based on mainly discrimination, if it were other students, the school would have done something less scary

what kind of insult did twisted drealocks represent to other student body of the school?

how is this not discrimination? a hairstyle is not an appropriate reason to suspend a student

Annotating Bibliography

1) Summarize - main arguments, main points

2) Assess - useful? reliable info? biased? objective?

3) Reflect - does it fit into the research? Was it helpful? How does it shape your argument?

First,locate and record citations to books, periodicals, and documents that may contain useful information and ideas on your topic. Briefly examine and review the actual items. Then choose those works that provide a variety of perspectives on your topic.

Cite the book, article, or document using the appropriate style.

Write a concise annotation that summarizes the central theme and scope of the book or article. Include one or more sentences that:

· (a) evaluate the authority or background of the author

· (b) comment on the intended audience

· (c) compare or contrast this work with another you have cited, or

· (d) explain how this work illuminates your bibliography topic.

Abstracts are the purely descriptive summaries often found at the beginning

Annotations are descriptive and critical; they may describe the author's point of view, authority, or clarity and appropriateness of expression

An annotated bibliography is a list of citations to books, articles, and documents

Each citation is followed by a brief descriptive and evaluative paragraph, the annotation

comparisons should be made under clear criterias, narrowing down to specific population

avoid asking why questions since there seems to be limitless possible answers to even a simple question, instead, target 1 specific problem

ask specific questions / researchable / clear data collection

review relevant sources / use power of analysis / reveal understanding and original thinking

it repeats to mention and highlight

liberate: to free (something, such as a country) from domination by a foreign power influential performance, helps bringing Black women's freedom to the surface

meet in drove: in large quantities => showing its' popularity and strength

at times, when women are victims, they are often blamed and assaulted

not just empowerement of women, but also readjusting the thoughts regarding masculinity as well as stop labeling men to be toxic masculine, but encourage them to live as who they want to be

sympathizing with people who misunderstand what feminism means

does not convey everything

true meaning is not about men or women being victim, but rather, equality for everyone

people protesting are not understanding the true meaning of feminism in society. confusing the term

making them appear to be more feminisitic which is non-gender conforming

feeling uneasy whenever it is brought up

highlighting the subject, making it appears to be outstanding in the sentence. Through adverb and adjectives lying placed before it, it becomes very clear and concise.

Furthermore, it makes the sentence much more pleasing, or rather, interesting to hold readers' attention onto the lines.

the second sentence is less emphasized.

"why can’t it be called humanism if it supports men and women?" => humanism is to support all genders in this modern-day society. It should be to feel proud of being one

BUT FEMINISM SOUNDS LIKE FEMALE… => this is to remind of efforts in removing toxic masculinity out of men's mindset. Welcoming vulnerability, compassion and love for others are what make men even stronger and more admirable

Fostering a more compassionate society: Ultimately, feminism works towards creating a more compassionate and understanding society where individuals are free to be themselves, breaking free from rigid gender roles that harm both men and women. => men should be taught to empathize with those around them. Learn to open their hearts and love endlessly like women

Supporting LGBTQ+ rights and inclusivity: Feminism often intersects with LGBTQ+ rights and advocates for a more inclusive society that supports people of all gender identities and sexual orientations, providing a platform for men who do not adhere to traditional gender norm => i wholeheartedly support this

Challenging toxic masculinity: Feminism challenges toxic masculinity, which pressures men to conform to harmful stereotypes about being aggressive, dominant, unemotional, and sexually aggressive. By doing so, feminism offers men the freedom to express a wider range of emotions and behaviors without being stigmatized. => needs to be strengthened more

Then I have good news for you, my friends – you are a feminist. And that is a good thing. And you should be proud of that. Let me explain why men, women, boys, and girls need feminism. => proud of this part about myself

Angry lesbians who don’t wear bras? Spiteful women who hate men? stereotypical?

Do you believe men and women should have equal rights and opportunities socially, politically, and economically? => yes, absolutely

guide the class with different study strategies to ace exams and maximize their learning process

some just go to class for attendance and don't pay much attention to the lecture (for a variety of reasons)

this must also include interactions (office hours, class times' questions, and one that many professors are lacking - email response) so that students can keep in touch and address any problems arise

essential to keep track of what to do and what to expect from teachers when turning in an assignment

useful equipment for teachers and lecturers to keep track of their workload assigned to students

missing in consideration workload burden

too much workload is one of the main contribution to stress and anxiety since professors give out too many assignments but close due dates

not scientifically and structurally designed for students to maximize their process + making progress

not recommended, i agree with the article that doing this will create fear and distance between teachers and students

first week of college is the best time to start handing out syllabus to guide students throughout the semester. This is very helpful and key factor in reducing college stress

leading audience to the solutions' part

supporting data to solidify statements

perhaps OpenAI appears to not be beneficial for teachers

controversial

make assesments with ChatGPT so that it can be used for proper purposes

give up (power or territory)

causes pain or suffering

evidence that it is becoming more serious and is a nationwide problem

if there is a problem, there will be a way to tackle it

a not-so-bright future lies ahead, ChatGPT replacing the element of a true English essay assignment written by students

more alarming: GPT-3 passing an exam - acing in knowledge and ensuring it can help students plagiarise

put a risk of being harmed/injured/destroyed

find the way around sth

changing the ways it is used (morally ethical)

banning may not be very effective as trying to adjust and teach users the proper ways to approach

ideas of battling online cheating

drawbacks of ChatGPT => a tool to minimize students' thinking abilities and effort putting in assignments, especially those requiring creative thinking or problem-solving skills

It also happens in the USA and other countries and is serious that numerous educational facilities ban ChatGPT

problems of students' wrongful use of ChatGPT

• Lithos (hold/keeping tgt the world's landforms and surfaces)
• Bios (life forms - organic or inorganic)
• Hydros (water)
• Atmos (gaseous of air)

2 themes: Global Environmental Change and Globalization - GEC => alters the systems and landscapes of the world - Globalization => consequences from human's hands

how they are related to one another (Geography's job)

key topic: calling out the drawbacks of stress (probably designed courses is one of the reasons)

I agree! Personally struggling during freshman year