"Let's test ourselves. If we really are each other's 100% perfect lovers," -> overlaps with the scene with Mitsuha and Taki where they exchange the hairtie and drink each other's Kuchikamizake. Age of them being teenagers overlaps too.

Very end where they pass each other in the street (intersect) overlaps with Mitsuha and Taki meeting each other by chance on the train (diff trains going diff ways) and reconvening at the hill (with stairs).

Overlaps with Your Name when both of the character tries to remember what each other looked like irl, but gradually their memories fade. "I can't recall the shape of hers... All I can remember for sure is that she was no great beauty. It's weird."

Plus uses both sides (white and A-A) to be successful. Shows how his race is at times detrimental to success in hip hop world (white), but also relies on lower class background to help authenticate his presence.

But in the US, appropriation of hip hop language by cultural outsiders is met with criticism, power imbalance

Cultural geographies and spatial discontinuities * Development studies can contribute to research on spatial aspects * It rather shouldn't be a concrete material

Space is not unifed by a core that produces periphery that dominates * instead, network of equal groups delineate space (either allies or enemies) But the flexible structures that gets rid of the rigidness denies ancient networks as space is more unbending and sturdy

Melanesian cultural dimensions * Network model within space not "core and periphery" but reticulated * Web of multiple relationships, complex but flexible and weaves on top of each other, whether people may be far apart * Emphasis put on the founding place than the central place as it brings forth all kinds of aspects together, linking from one to next

Migration networks and urbanization of migrants 1. Temporary migrations over relatively short distance and duration (circulation) 2. Long-term or permanent migration (rural outmigration) * Circulation and circular mobility - migrants stay within the circle of islanders, can be controlled * Long-term is wild as it is uncontrolled and unforseen Brings back to the values of "custom" in realtion to the modern world

Rural Studies * Merina farmers example - most important is determination to replicate agricultural system of their cultural origin * Living within their own cultural universe --> prioritized over productivity or profitability * Follow cultural / political logic more than economic, specializing in unique items

Cultural geography = human science, approach to the lives of people. Investigates relevance of culture to the global society today. * Contrast between mental and natural space * Space can be produced by society, but society creates itself within a cultural space

Positive negative space time = silence Creative silences = most explicit in poetry and music * Silence = absence of sound, which may be useful in personal situations * Empty space and silence used as subjects of novels and short stories -> difference in conception ("became of word and spaces in between them") * Issue even ranged to the printing paper and books (physical space involved) * Involved in musical silence as well (like white paper in visual / print sense) * Negative space can also be recognized as "mossion, vacancies" (p. 178)

Use of simple material for architecture caused to omit unnecessary decorative elements; thus leaving space within -> different than "empty" Blank space are of equal value as well. * Value is determined by aesthetic sensibility, public utility, or scientific evidence

The notion of the American dream and western expansion to gain "more land" resulted in negative space from capitalism after realizing that there wasn't enough "space."

Space in two different modes * Negative and positive space * Space is occupied by two different kinds of objects that can be simplified, fragmented, or reformed * Application of space to the art world to understand the elements when creating an art piece in different mediums

• Space are "Not full of things, but things are spaceful"
• History of architecture is the history of shaping of space for various aesthetic reasons.
• Think of space as a positive element, composing with "space" than with "rooms"
• Space is a frame around the mass; no longer the setting for the subject but a constituting element of the work (for ie sculpture)

The more persepectives there are, the more point of views there are. There are different povs for thinking, seeing, knowing, and them added on, the more complete the concept will be. * Ortega - "The more perspectives there are, the more spaces in reality there are"

Multiplicity of space produced by POV * by portraying a camera faced in a single angle x having multiple of them, the space in view could be interpreted or move continuously (with a pan or shift in camera angle) . * Painted objects in multiplicity of spaces from multiple perspectives * Departed from fixed settings in a homogenous space into multitude of different spaces varied w shifting moods and perspectives of humans

Introduction of Perspective * Objects rendered to scale according to actual size -> "visual metaphor" * Proportion and orderliness were valued in every area of culture and expected to regulate excessiveness

Cezanne's contribution to perspective * Sometimes broke the rules about 3D space and perspective * Broke up consistent linear vs multiple perspective -> Pioneer in new art styles of contradicting spatial sense than just flatness

Durkheim and heterogeneous nature of space * Collective sense of spaces that are shared by all members of a society (have a social origin, and evidence that spatial labelings are structurally similar to social forms) * Multitudes of space about surface of globe (ie Different sense of space based on different culture) * Politics, religion, science, arts, etc. (but never conceptualized directly of the difference) * ie Egyptians (narrow path down indiv. soul), Chinese (path wanders through world led to ancestral tomb), Greek (nearness and limit, the universe is a cosmos)

Research on the relation between living organism and spatial orientation * Sense of space is not inherent * Humans experience 3D because they have 3 canals in perpendicular planes * Each animals has own surrounding space, creating its inner world in response as well * Recognize space by the mirror object and spatial relations -> constitute different senses of space

Bogdanov = relativistic idealism * Form of social coordination of different people's experiences * Undermined materialism and belief of one framework where all events take place

Lenin = Materialist Position * Objective reality where matter moves in space and time independently of human perception/mind * Only one real framework of time and space * The "relative"ness of space and time moves towards the absolute truth of objective reality * Criticized POV that thought of time and space as "modes where we perceive things apart" as it denied objective reality

Nature of Space * Traditional view = one and only space that is continuous and uniform (Absolute Space) * ↑ = Euclid's two-dimensional geometry theory (flat planar surface) * New views challenged that it is heterogeneous * "Perspectivism" there are as many diff spaces as there are number of pov * Geometrical vs Visual space (3D vs 2D) * Moved without deformation or not, expand and contracting in size, etc.

How "direct" you are in speech as Riko brought up in an earlier class discussion reminded me about this. Also the notion of bowing in Japan may be misinterpreted or confused by people unfamiliar with the Japanese culture of politeness. Especially in the US where there is just a mix of people from various places internationally, it's difficult to determine what's "American standards or norms" and in which occasions should we prioritize "American standards" over our own cultural norms.

In environments of unfamiliar cultural background, the power difference can be a factor that leaves one side leaving a bad impression on the other due to different cultural norms and standards of "polite attitude" to the elder.

ruling or dominant in a social or political context