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Figure 4.3: Schematic of the experimental design from Schultz et al. (2007). The field experiment involved visiting about 300 households in San Marcos, California five times over an eight-week period. On each visit, the researchers manually took a reading from the house’s power meter. On two of the visits, they placed doorhangers on each house providing some information about the household’s energy usage. The research question was how the content of these messages would impact energy use.

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Figure 3.7: Demographics of respondents in W. Wang et al. (2015). Because respondents were recruited from XBox, they were more likely to be young and more likely to be male, relative to voters in the 2012 election. Adapted from W. Wang et al. (2015), figure 1.

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