Clearly, affirming a blind person as the tactile docent of an exhibition, while onlookers watch with their hands firmly in their pockets, risks enacting a freak show of otherness.
Is there truly anything we can do to eliminate this divide right off of the bat though?
conversations on materiality and immateriality, the politics of space, gendered politics, race politics, migrant politics, social interrelationships, intimacy, reverence, or fear.
Again- our social identifies effect and shift how each of us interact with the world.
Only a few visitors identified themselves as blind or partially blind.
I'm surprised that there weren't more.
. There was a powerful suggestion of the presence of the horses that compelled us always to move around and between them, rather than to walk through the invisible bodies.
It feels like the horses are actually there and they don't want to disrupt their movement.
conveyed a sense of memorial reverence. This is the material of classical sculpture and of tombstones.
I didn't realize how important material is in inferring the subject of a piece.
ot surprisingly, a great pleasure in this research was having the luxury of more or less unlimited time to spend with these works.
A common theme that I've noticed amongst the readings is how impactful time can be when examining art. Having more time with a piece allows a viewer to experience it in ways that they would not be able to at first glance. I can imagine that this importance only increases with visual impairment.
few people later confessed that they had refrained from touching so as to avoid damaging the work, preferring to use Instagram to capture a visual memory.
Awkward to know what to do with freedom of touch at times.
A few years ago, as the degeneration of my functional vision accelerated, I began to claim my unstable vision more explicitly as a central force in my artistic practice.
It is powerful that instead of letting her vision hinder her, she embraces it and still continues in the activities that she enjoys. I think that's a lesson that we all need to learn.
Yet blind people, like people with other disabilities, often find ourselves siloed into special groups or programming in ways that reinforce our marginal status.
I'm so privileged to have never really noticed this.
touch tours in museums in North America, the UK and Europe,
My question is answered again!
I was diagnosed as "legally blind" when I was eleven, and though I retain a degree of residual vision, I am accustomed to exploring objects haptically and to scanning surfaces digitally for texture and temperature.
I never realized how ableist museums are. I understand that "No touching" rules are for the art's safety, but I wonder if there is a museum that incorporates other senses for the visually impaired.
Yet touch tours are normally treated as exclusive, personal experiences - as protocols to meet baseline access obligations - rather than being valued for their contributions to public cultural discourse.
Interesting to think about this in comparison to bell hooks' article about how seeing can be forbidden as well
t is not a protocol of any Northwest Coast First Nation, to ask permissionfrom chief and council of their own Nation or any other Nations for dance group performances orcollaborations to occur in Stanley Park—or anywhere else.
People often group all indigenous people together although their practices are all extremely different.
n June 21, 2013,
It is sad to think about how this really wasn't that long ago. While this is a start, nothing will ever repay the damages lost by the Indigenous people, and so much more work needs to be done.
In a heinous act of erasure of the Coast Salish histories in thisarea, road workers paved the roads in Stanley Park using shell middens and human remainsfrom these ancient sites (
This is sickening.
It was the women who started to rescue the survivors and in the process of doingthat, paddling the survivors to the north shore, they created a song to keep the spiritslight in the canoe.
They are a society who appreciates women's contributions.
Because all of the members of Aeriosa are female
What is this symbolic of?
hunderbird was performed on the outside wall ofan office tower next to the Vancouver Public Library and on the ground at the tower’s base inLibrary Square.
I think this shows the symbolism of how their land has been destroyed and Westernized. What was once their land has now become a library.
an aerial dancer and choreographer,
Oh there's my answer.
safe rope-rigging systems—in order to “create three-dimensional performances that re-interpret gravity and respond to the performance location”
Is this kind of like aerial dance?
rights to songs, dances, and associated masks, headdresses, robes, and ceremonial regalia,
It is interesting how art can be used as a method of communication.
Researching and following protocol that protects and governs the use of names, songs, dances, andother hereditary rights is a core responsibility of canoe families because it not only structures theirway of being on the water and along shore, but also how they conduct themselves in relation to thehost Nations whose territories they travel through and land upon.
This must be a difficult task with so much Indigenous history being lost with colonization.
, our teaching is that it’s the canoes that makes thejourney. The people are the ones who make the canoes go round but it’s the canoesthat are remembered. . .we know that we have to acknowledge that moment, and thatprotocol, so that it gives people time to think about what is taking place—this historicalmoment where the canoe is touching someone else’s land.1
It is interesting to think more about the tools of navigation rather than the navigator themselves. I feel like we don't really appreciate the methods of transportation that we have. For example, coming to New York, I realized how much I took my car back home for granted.
Canada’s Indian Residential School system
I feel like we never really learn about the Indian Residential School systems in Canada. I've mostly learned about relocation within the US.
respect
I wonder if they want to protect themselves do to the lack of respect that they have received from various groups in the past.
Regardless of thesepre-existing relationships, it takes a great deal of time to build the trust necessary for an in-depthinquiry into their practices.
High social capital required. This shows that they are heavily established and hold themselves to a high regard.
eagle song dancers.
I've noticed that non-Western nations emphasize impactful meaning with the names that they choose.
Indian Residential School survivor, S7aplek (English name BobBaker, born 1946) has dedicated his life to reviving, learning, and enacting Chiax
I love how he is protesting the forced Westernization that Indigenous people had to undergo at these schools.
more, to hear more, to feel more.
Key word: more
Now itis not.
I feel like it still is important to interpret art anyway.
ere left alone by most people with minds.
Now, I feel like there is so much analysis on different movies.
Or it maybecome abstract
But can't abstract art still evoke emotions that lead to different interpretations?
It doesn’t matter whether artists intend, or don’t intend, for their works tobe interpreted.
The different aspects of people's lives change how they view these objects (ex. race/sex/class/health/ etc.) That's why there are so many different interpretations.
Real art has the capacity to make usnervous.
There are so many components to art. There are images, symbols, metaphors, motifs, hidden meanings, etc. I think that at times, this can be overwhelming.
nterpretation must itself be evaluated, within a historical view of humanconsciousness. In some cultural contexts, interpretation is a liberating act.It is a means of revising, of transvaluing, of escaping the dead past.
The freedom to be able to publicize these interpretations is a privilege in itself.
it is the habit of approaching works of art in order to interpret them thatsustains the fancy that there really is such a thing as the content of a workof art
To be considered art, at least one person must connect with its content and meaning. I think that this is why several works of art have several interpretations of it.
Western
Doesn't call attention to POC's culture.
it is a form of therapy.
Art helps so many of us express ourselves. That's why so many doctors have incorporated art therapy into their practices.
he value of art
This reminds me of our debate about "What is art?"- For example, the banana that sold for thousands of dollars.
theory
Theories make assumptions about how one experiences the world.
especially white males
Our biggest oppresor.
ctively
We have to make other black women aware of this so that they are able to do this.
How do black women relate to the gender politics of representation?
I think this begins with discussions within our community, as well as with other women of color.
looking “against the grain,”
Again- a form of resistance
uch feminist film criticism disallows thepossibility of a theoretical dialogue that might include black women’svoices.
It's a privilege to be able to ignore the differences in this experience.
remains aggressively silent
Because at the end of the day, they don't care. Leading white feminists who pushed for black people to get the right to vote started to go against them after black men got the right to vote first.
For it is only as one imagines “woman” inthe abstract, when woman becomes fiction or fantasy, can race not beseen as significant.
Race affects every aspect of social identity.
Mainstream feminist film criticism in no way acknowledges blackfemale spectatorship.
The idea of "white feminism" as a whole. A reason why many black women don't call themselves feminists.
race and racism determined the visualconstruction of gender
black women have it harder than white women in several ways
I had developed an oppositional gaze.
This is what we are forced to do. As someone who has a passion for film and has been acting all my life, this is what has always been expected of me.
They resented the way these screen images could assaultblack womanhood, could name us bitches, nags. And in oppositionthey claimed Sapphire as their own, as the symbol of that angry partof themselves white folks and black men could not even begin tounderstand.
The angry black woman stereotype
She was not us
I always used to struggle finding media representation of black women when growing up. While my white peers had princesses, Disney channel stars, and tv show characters to look up to, I had no one. I couldn't identify with the stereotypes of the black women that I saw on my screen.
When black women actresses like Lena Horne appeared in mainstreamcinema most white viewers were not aware that they were looking atblack females unless the film was specifically coded as being aboutblacks.
The idea of racial "passing"
ost of the black women I talked with were adamant thatthey never went to movies expecting to see compelling representationsof black femaleness. They were all acutely aware of cinematic racism—its violent erasure of black womanhood.
Black women in film and television are usually either hyper-sexualized, or strictly side characters rooting on the main one. (ex. the black best friend)
Major early black male independent filmmakers represented blackwomen in their films as objects of male gaze.
The hyper-sexualization of black women and girls in mainstream media (example. rap videos, movies, porn categories, etc.)
Emmet Till
yup^
Given the real life public circumstances wherein black men weremurdered/lynched for looking at white womanhood, where the blackmale gaze was always subject to control and/or punishment by thepowerful white Other, the private realm of television screens or darktheaters could unleash the repressed gaze.
Example: Emmett Till (he was only a boy and was still held under this standard)
It was the oppositional black gaze that responded tothese looking relations by developing independent black cinema.
Most of the representation of black people in media I've seen has come from black individuals: ex. Tyler Perry/Jordan Peele/Black-ish/etc.
the construction of white representations of blackness
Minstrelsy, blackface, etc.
poweris a system of domination which controls everything and which leavesno room for freedom.
Racism is rooted in power.
By courageously looking, wedefiantly declared: “Not only will I stare. I want my look to changereality.”
Black people shouldn't have to shrink under the white gaze. We deserve to be bold.
I was pained to think that there was no absolute differencebetween whites who had oppressed black people and ourselves.
Generational trauma
I read in history classes that white slaveowners (men, women, and children) punished enslaved black peoplefor looking, I wondered how this traumatic relationship to the gaze hadinformed black parenting and black spectatorship.
Punished for doing ANYTHING while black.
for those hard intense direct lookschildren would give grown-ups, looks that were seen as confrontational, as gestures of resistance, challenges to authority.
This is something that many minority groups, specifically black individuals, teach their children. What is sad about this is that when we ask the question, "How can a child's gaze be that threatening to an adult?", it all boils down to racism. Black children are forced to grow up faster.
ny member of society will have the right tocome and see with his own eyes how the schools, hospitals,factories, prisons function. There is no risk, therefore, that theincrease of power created by the panoptic machine may degen
Strangely less secretive than modern day society... but this still seems inhumane.
t serves to reform pris-oners, but also to treat patients, to instruct schoolchildren, toconfine the insane, to supervise workers, to put beggars andidlers to work.
How successful would this truly be functioning for all these different purposes?
But the Panopticonwas also a laboratory; it could be used as a machine to carry outexperiments, to alter behaviour, to train or correct individuals.
This reminds me of scientific experiments done to humans in the Holocaust, as well as to Black Americans.
the animal is replaced by man
This will eventually remove all humanly qualities of a person, making them submissive.
Any individ-ual, taken almost at random, can operate the machine: i
This is an easier method to stay in power.
Visible: the inmate will constantly have before his eyes thetall outline of the central tower from which he is spied upon.Unverifiable: the inmate must never know whether he is beinglooked at at any one moment; but he must be sure that he mayalways be so.
Fear of the unknown
Each individual, in his place, is securelyconfined to a cell from which he is seen from the front by the su-pervisor; but the side walls prevent him from coming into con-tact with his companions. He is seen, but he does not see; he isthe object of information, never a subject in communication.
This reminded me of the current debate over the inhumanity of solitary confinement in modern prisons.
ll that isneeded, then, is to place a supervisor in a central tower
This differs from the power method earlier described. While for the plague, many people and parts were necessary in order to maintain complete control, at the Panopticon, less is needed to get to the same goal.
y the effect of backlighting, one can ob-serve from the tower, standing out precisely against the light,the small captive shadows in the cells of the periphery.
Seeing but not really seeing
wide windows
Seeing is often a primary theme in stories. What is it to see and not do?
utopia
Every utopia is a dystopia.
jection, of exile-enclosure; he was left to his doom in a massamong which it was useless to differentiate
The treatment of lepers has always been interesting to me. It is a reminder that one day you can find yourself as a part of a society, and the next your family, friends, and those around you can abandon you and cast you aside. I think in Covid-19, Asian people became the "lepers" of society. They were unjustly blamed for a pandemic that was not their fault and often found things such as their businesses abandoned by the same people who once supported them.
fear
Fear drives the desire for power.
all thisconstitutes a compact model of the disciplinary mechanism.
Im assuming that this is a piece about different disciplinary methods.
the perfum
I wonder what is in this perfume
men of substance
It is interesting how the word "substance" is used to differentiate between the importance of the people in this town. I think that the use of this word allows for a critique of society. While the people of little substance must directly come in contact with the horrors of the plague, the men of substance will never have to get their own hands dirty behind the scenes.
bread and wine,
These are both used for communion. I wonder if this is a religious town?
were the measures tobe taken when the plague appeared in a tow
The last time I read a story in which a plague destroyed a society, it was pre-Covid. It will be interesting to read this now with a different mindset after having been affected by a pandemic as well.
As some historians have shown, modernsystems of labor could not have flourished without the cultivation of new val ues in the context of industrialization to replacethe ones that had sustained craft or artisanal work.
For example: worker's unions
here will always be someth ing online moreinformative, surprising, funny, diverting, impressive thananyth ing in one's immediate actual circumstances.
Helpful and harmful
he sense of individualingenuity provides the temporary conviction that one is on thewinning side of the system, somehow coming out ahead; but i nthe e n d there i s a genera1ized level ing o f a l l users into interchangeable objects of the same mass dispossession of time andpraxis.
I think that some people will always be ahead of others. This is what privilege is and the reason why we need equity as well as equality.
To be bland isa becoming "smooth," as distinct from the idea of a mold thatthe word "conformity" often impl ies
Question to think about: Does social media make us conform or express our individuality?
he widespread adu1t use of ADH Ddrugs is often driven b y the hope o f enhancing one's performance and competitiveness in the workplace - and, moreharshly, methamphetamine addiction is often l inked todestructive delusions about performance and self-aggrandizement
Dangerous coping mechanisms
As with digital devices andservices, there is a fabrication of pseudo-necessities, or deficiencies for which new commodities are essential solution
I think that advancements with these drugs are often necessary. For example, 20 years ago, there was little known about mental health, as well as how to treat it. Today, there are various medications that those victim to mental health issues are able to take. However, many come with intense side affects and other issues. If these are improved upon, it would better an entire community.
every medium is a drug, and vice ver
An example of another medium is social media.
Thus, on one hand , there is a vague uniformityof response and behavior among the users of a specific pharmaceutical product; but, on the other, there is the globalpatchwork of different drug-using populations, often physicallyproximate, but made up of h ighly disparate affects, drives, andincapacitations.
Behavior can be predicted but not be considered fact.
online gambling, internet pornography, and video-gaming
These are directly tied to a decline in mental health
The idea of long blocks of time spent exclusively asa spectator is outmoded.
I find this to be true. For example, when I watched Love Island this summer, I was also on Twitter and Tik Tok to see people's responses to them episodes in live time.
The standardization ofexperience on such a large scale, he argues, entails a loss ofsubjective identity and singularity; it also leads to the disastrousdisappearance of individual participation and creativity in themaking of the symbols we all exchange and share
I would argue that the individual self is not lost by these objects. Rather, people are both able to keep a sense of individuality, as well as relate to those symbols that we share and exchange. We is a collective, and I believe these objects help to unify us.
there isoften the expedient misconception that economic j ustice, mitigation of cl imate change, and egal itarian social relations cansomehow occur alongside the continued existence of corporations l ike Coogle, Apple, and General Electric.
Good point
Widely employedare screens or other forms of display that track eye movements,as well as durations and fixations of visual interest in sequencesor streams of graph ic information
Although invasive, this technology could help people who have limited mobility/are non-verbal/etc.
Now in a reversal , the demand for mandatory 24nimmersion in visual content effectively becomes a new form ofinstitutional super-ego.
Interdisciplinary relation between psychology and science.
one hacke
What is this?
Every new product orservice presents itself as essential for the bureaucratic organization of one's life, and there is an ever-growing number ofroutines and needs that constitu te th is life that no one hasactually chosen.
Battle with others and a battle with ourselves
produce anxieties about outmodedness and frustrations of various kind
effects of change on mental health
ndividuals experience the workings of a global economy in very different ways.
An interesting question to think about: How do different social factors affect one's experience with technology/social media/time/ etc? (ex. race/sex/gender/class/etc.)
substitution of a new item for something out of dat
New phones!!!
There is an ever closer linking of individual needs with the functional and ideological programs inwhich each new product is embedded. "Products" are hardlyjust devices or physical apparatuses, but various services andinterconnections that quickly become the dominant or exclusive ontological templates of one's social reality
My immediate thought is regarding social media and how it warps a person's perception of reality. Also, as time goes on, the age of people on social media becomes younger. This is because there is a societal pressure of "needing" these apps in order to be happy.
t now the management of economic behavioris synonymous with the formation and perpetuation of malleable and assenting individuals.
Desire for money drives EVERYTHING! (Capitalism)
Now the accelerated tempo of apparent change deletes anysense of an extended time frame that is shared collectively,wh ich might sustain even a nebulous anticipation of a futuredistinct from contemporary reality
Change conflicts with the standardized periods of time that we use to define our lives. As technology becomes more important, the desire to improve upon it increases. This takes more work which, in turn, cuts down on these blocks of time.
non-stop consumption, social isolation, and political powerlessness, rather than representing some h istorically significantturning point.
Further proves Crary's negative perspective towards technology and social media.
Also,there is the development of gesture-based computing in which,instead of a click, a wave, a nod, or the blink of an eye willsuffice as a command.
Face-ID
Even if one is inclined to approach technological history assequences demarcated by inventions and breakthroughs, therelevance of this particular apparatus will be notably and i nevitably short-lived
With the idea of 24/7, the world is ever-changing. This provides reasoning for these theories and advancements becoming quickly outdated.
"new media."
What is new media defined as?
The logic of economic modernization in play today can betraced directly back to the mid nineteenth century. Marx wasone of the first to understand the intrinsic incompatibility ofcapitalism with stable or durable social forms
Negative POV in regards to capitalism
basic intellectual assumption
I think this is an interesting point because it furthers the point that intelligence is interdisciplinary and defined by various concepts. I also agree that more and more people are becoming knowledgable about technology and the sub-genres related to that.
the wheel, the pointed arch, movable type
What would we define as the most important techniques invented in this century?
arge-scale economic development
This immediately made me think about how capitalism shapes American society
a transitional phase, passing from one "age" to another,
If this is true, what ages would we be passing in between?
. Weare swamped with images and information about the past andits recent catastrophes - but there is also a growing incapacityto engage these traces in ways that could move beyond them,in the interest of a common futu re.
This makes me think about how different the things that we see on social media, the news, and online are in comparison to how people saw it in the past. I think that we have almost become "immune" to tragedy, so it doesn't shock us anymore. For example, graphic videos of police brutality and murder are often posted without warning. This is harmful for a variety of reasons, but especially the fact that despite having these videos, society as a whole becomes less and less outraged by them.
"When did the gaze collapse?
This goes back to the article that we read on patience and how time enables us to pay attention to things that we might not have noticed at first glance.
omnipresent field of operations and expectations
What are these operations and expectations?
not only for their homicidal consequences but alsofor the calculated ruination of nighttime itsel
I wonder how it feels to truly live in fear 24/7. I wonder how this feeling affects one's sleep, interactions with others, and focus on their own needs.
It not onlyincites in the individual subject an exclusive focus on getting,having, winning, gawking, squandering, and deriding, but isfully interwoven with mechanisms of control that maintain thesuperfluousness and powerlessness of the subject of itsdemands.
Jealousy/desire drive the actions that we take. This makes human beings try to fight against time to get what they want. For example, a businessman might spend all day and night in the office to get a promotion.
yet one never actually attains the gratifications or rewards promised by the mostrecent technological options.
This made me think about social media and how it affects self confidence and body image.
The examples of how in-use devices and apparatuseshave an impact on small-scale forms of sociality (a meal, aconversation, or a classroom) may have become commonplaces, but the cumulative harm sustained is nonethelesssignificant.
Crary seems to have a negative perspective in regards to technology. However, it is important to note that although things like cellphones and social media have created barriers between those interacting within their daily lives, it also brings people closer together. For example, many of us were able to talk to fellow NYU freshman from across the globe before we even set foot on campus.
However, since no moment,place, or situation now exists in which one can not shop,consume, or exploit networked resources, there is a relentlessincursion of the no n-time of 24n into every aspect of socialor personal l ife
This is an interesting concept. I think that as technology and science advances, the line between the possible and impossible becomes smaller. This thought leads me to this question: What are human beings fully and truly capable of achieving?
orderword
I am still not completely clear about this concept
for the ancient Mesopotamians,Hebrews, and others became a seven-day week. In otherancient cultures, in Rome and in Egypt, there were eight- andten-day weeks organized around market days or the quarterphases of the moon. The weekend is the modern residue ofthose long-standing system
Human attempts to control time
It is always areprimand and a deprecation of the weakness and inadequacyof hu man time, with its blu rred, meandering textures.
Humans have gained control of almost every part of daily life (technology, nature, economy, etc). Even so, something that we can never control is time.
24n announces a time without time, a time extracted from anymaterial or identifiable demarcations, a time without sequenceor recurrence.
This concept is at odds with societies' definition of time. Most commonly, we need time to create standard blocks in our day to day life. For example, the average American works a 9-5 job. Without this sequence or recurrence, where would we be?