14 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2025
  2. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. Jim Hollan and Scott Stornetta. Beyond being there. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, CHI '92, 119–125. New York, NY, USA, June 1992. Association for Computing Machinery. URL: https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/142750.142769 (visited on 2023-12-08), doi:10.1145/142750.142769.

      The paper "Beyond Being There" (1992) by Hollan and Stornetta represents an essential contribution which dismantles standard beliefs regarding human-computer engagement and telecommunication processes. The authors advocate for digital communication tools whose capabilities should extend further than real-time presence through the use of computational enhancements. This view continues to be influential in modern technology development especially in virtual teamwork and augmented reality and Artificial Intelligence communication systems. Their study explores the essence of digital presence together with methods of improving technological means to surpass traditional communication over real interactions. This paper serves as a useful base for investigating digital connection because modern remote work and social technology developments continue.

    1. When social media users work together, we can consider what problem they are solving. For example, for some of the Tiktok Duet videos from the virality chapter, the “problem” would be something like “how do we create music out of this source video” and the different musicians contribute their own piece to the solution.

      The collaborative aspect of social media through TikTok Duets converts content development into an internally generated solution process where users contribute their individual talents to expand existing content. The original work receives regular enhancements because participants add their one-of-a-kind talents to develop and transform the content. The multi-user format enables co-creative processes while distribution mechanisms give broad access to contribute so users can develop new solutions together. This platform shows us digital tools convert personal messages into collaborative communal development whereby artistic problems represent the main subject matter instead of established issues requiring answers.

  3. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. Robinson Meyer. Everything We Know About Facebook’s Secret Mood-Manipulation Experiment. The Atlantic, June 2014. URL: https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/06/everything-we-know-about-facebooks-secret-mood-manipulation-experiment/373648/

      In “Everything We Know About Facebook’s Secret Mood-Manipulation Experiment” written by Robinson Meyer for The Atlantic in June 2014 the author explains Facebook's unauthorized study involving news feed alteration to gauge emotional content effects on user moods. The user-consentless research trigger widespread moral questions regarding both privacy protections on the internet and psychological study protocols along with social media firms' capacity to modify user emotional reactions.

      The piece serves as a worthwhile analysis of journalistic reporting to explain Facebook's experimental procedures and stakeholders' reactions toward the studies. The article sparks vital questions regarding how technology firms should handle their ability to modify human conduct without incident-to-user disclosures. The article's importance endures because it maintains its relevance regarding debates on data ethics as well as informed consent while discussing social media's psychological influence capabilities.

      Since the article was published in 2014 it becomes crucial to consult contemporary sources in order to observe shifts in technology practices and changes of laws and guidelines that emerged due to this debate.

    1. Some people view internet-based social media (and other online activities) as inherently toxic and therefore encourage a digital detox [m6], where people take some form of a break from social media platforms and digital devices.

      The concept of a digital detox developed because users recognize social media alongside online activities produce negative effects which damage authenticity and mental health conditions. The web provides diverse learning and connective options and creative outlets even though these benefits connect to amplified stress factors along with increasing trends of societal comparison and digital addiction patterns caused by mechanisms which favor shocking content.

      Taking occasional breaks from electronic devices produces positive effects regarding mental clarity and helps people maintain better relationships with the physical world along with good psychological health. The digital landscape contains various elements of positive engagement beyond negative content because social media serves educational purposes and enables activism and community growth and creative opportunity creation. Users should adopt conscious media usage instead of eliminating social media altogether by selecting content that matters to them while creating healthy usage limits and applying purposeful approach to interactions.

      The success rate of a digital detox hinges on personal preferences and interaction habits people have on the internet. Some individuals obtain control through brief digital disconnection whereas others achieve positive effects by reshaping their interaction methods rather than eliminating digital contacts.

  4. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. Meme. December 2023. Page Version ID: 1187840093. URL: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meme&oldid=1187840093#Etymology (visited on 2023-12-08).

      The etymology of the term Meme, as well as its definition, is relayed by the source of the Wikipedia page Meme. In 1976 Richard Dawkins coined this term memede which comes from 'meme' in his book The Selfish Gene. To reflect the idea that cultural information can replicate, spread and evolve, the word is from the Greek term "mimeme" (meaning 'what is imitated') and that is what Dawkins chose. Memes like idea, behavior, or trend that spreads from one individual to one individual are units of cultural transmission. According to Dawkins, however, this concept was based on the idea that cultural entities, like biological traits, evolve through imitation as they do through natural selection.

    1. In the 1976 book The Selfish Gene [l3], evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins[1] said rather than looking at the evolution of organisms, it made even more sense to look at the evolution of the genes of those organisms (sections of DNA that perform some functions and are inherited).

      In The Selfish Gene, Richard Dawkins starts to put focus of evolution from individual organisms to genes themselves and posits that genes are the fundamental units of selection. This view conceives organisms as so to be survivals machines of their genes and accords with the gene propulsion. This perspective shows how complex behaviors like altruism can evolve, given actions that enhance survival of genes, either by direct replication or through help to others whose genes the individual helps should descend. It is a really ways of reformulating evolutionary theory and to make the gene the one that is the real 'selfish' actor during the natural selection process.

  5. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. David Robson. The women with superhuman vision. BBC, February 2022. URL: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20140905-the-women-with-super-human-vision (visited on 2023-12-07).

      Written by David Robson, his article The Women with Superhuman Vision looks at strange phenomenon of women who have genuinely superhuman vision. The article explores the cases of certain women who were able to see with amazing visual acuity, that is, to see objects in the smallest detail at very large distances; or to see colors which are different from what most people do.

      In examining the scientific research surrounding these abilities, Robson describes the possible binding of heightened neural synaptic processing in the brain to the genetic and environmental factors that may give rise to these extraordinary visual skills. In addition, the article also emphasizes that, on the other hand, if women do have these abilities, it will not just create enhanced vision, but they might also face problems or sensitivities that are tied in with seeing the world in that way.

      On balance, the piece offers a wonderful view of how some people, such as women, see this world with a degree of vision beyond what most of us have, sharing science, biology, and differences between human variation in the world of sensory perception.

    1. Those with disabilities often find ways to cope with their disability, that is, find ways to work around difficulties they encounter and seek out places and strategies that work for them (whether realizing they have a disability or not). Additionally, people with disabilities might change their behavior (whether intentionally or not) to hide the fact that they have a disability, which is called masking and may take a mental or physical toll on the person masking, which others around them won’t realize. For example, kids who are nearsighted and don’t realize their ability to see is different from other kids will often seek out seats at the front of classrooms where they can see better. As for us two authors, we both have ADHD and were drawn to PhD programs where our tendency to hyperfocus on following our curiosity was rewarded (though executive dysfunction with finishing projects created challenges)[1]. This way of managing disabilities puts the burden fully on disabled people to manage their disability in a world that was not designed for them, trying to fit in with “normal” people.

      This is really a very insightful observation. It emphasises the high amount of mental and emotional workload many people with disabilities have to do even when such people are not fully aware of it. We can gather that they are willing to change their behavior to ‘mask’ their disability just so they can fit in a world that was never made for them. Also, it shows how sometimes social structures and expectations fold an unfair burden on people to readjust, rather than a more inclusive or varying structures that can accommodate to different desires.

      I find it all the more interesting how you speak to ADHD and how people with ADHD gravitate to places such as PhD programs where their hyperfocus is viewed as an asset, while beginning to realize the challenges with executive dysfunction. Disabilities are not just about physical, it is difficult if there are emotional and cognitive dimensions of disabilities that are of another dimension and require constant adaptations. This makes me wonder what more could be done if there was more willingness to embrace a diversity of thinking and ‘working’ outside different spaces.

  6. Jan 2025
  7. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. Julia Evans. Examples of floating point problems. January 2023. URL: https://jvns.ca/blog/2023/01/13/examples-of-floating-point-problems/ (visited on 2023-11-24).

      The floatinOps post from Julia Evans gives you good, accessible, practical examples of these kinds of floating point arithmetic conundrums. It is a useful resource for appreciating such nuances of computational accuracy and just how seemingly simple calculations can produce surprising results because of floating point representation limitations. The use of an informal tone and practical examples makes for a particularly useful write up for learners or developers new to these issues.

    1. Now, there are many reasons one might be suspicious about utilitarianism as a cheat code for acting morally, but let’s assume for a moment that utilitarianism is the best way to go. When you undertake your utility calculus, you are, in essence, gathering and responding to data about the projected outcomes of a situation.

      Utilitarianism's reliance on utility calculus highlights its practical challenge: Gathering and predicting the outcomes of actions accurately is inherently uncertain, and subjective. Its aim is to maximise well being, however due to the nature of forecasting the consequences of its actions and providing an account of all those affected, its application is more speculative than precise.

  8. social-media-ethics-automation.github.io social-media-ethics-automation.github.io
    1. COVID-19 Vaccine Progress [@HeadlinerClip]. COVID-19 Vaccine Progress (@vax_progress). December 2023. URL: https://twitter.com/vax_progress (visited on 2023-12-02)

      This could be a bot that draws sources from other websites, which can spread false or misleading information on the internet.

    1. As one example, in 2016, Rian Johnson, who was in the middle of directing Star Wars: The Last Jedi, got bombarded by tweets that all originated in Russia (likely making at least some use of bots).

      This is a very common way for organizations to create a trend on the internet. Many bots can make people think that what the majority of people think.

    1. Locke: Everyone has a right to life, liberty, and property

      This is highly related with our life because this is often brought up in the US society. It has been existing since the whole U.S. history.

    2. Being and becoming an exemplary person (e.g., benevolent; sincere; honoring and sacrificing to ancestors; respectful to parents, elders and authorities, taking care of children and the young; generous to family and others).

      I think this is a very good ethics and moral value. It shows how a society can take cares of their people. And everyone has the responsibility to be responsible for their close ones.