I may also write briefly about the alternative uses of peanut oil and how that help the streamlining of peanut production. As a matter of fact, by our next research report this maybe my thesis because my continued research is leading me to this conclusion.
I like streamlining of production as well; it allows you to focus the paper more. Also: what is the impact of streamlining production?
by accommodating Americans taste
Is it just me, or are some of your sources suggesting that the proprietors of Chop Suey had to conform to racial expectations as well?
negotiations
?
Eventually the novelty of locally run diners wore off as corporate companies began to produce drive in restaurants and fast food restaurants.
Just like independent grocery stores. And independent everything else. Now I'm sad. The American Dream is dead.
American Chamber of Horrors, by Ruth defrost Lamb, who would later join the FDR administration, is dedicated to eighteen women, all of whom occupied prominent positions in civil society.
Nice evidence
Corporate opposition to the New Deal’s Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was overcome in part due to the emergent political power of women,
This is what is known as a "sexy thesis."
I like it.
Effects on Community:
There seems to be great thematic unity, because all of your topics are ways that the food tradition survived and flourished.
Traditional Slovenian food changed the food culture of Pueblo because the Slavic immigrants created food that fed a hungry working class creatively and efficiently which then evolved to passionate and artisanal cuisine
I like the theme of evolution from practicality to something more. It reminds me of the cultural artifacts described in Three Squares.
changed
Probably more specificity needed for a paper thesis. Also, what's the impact? Why does it matter that salt mining has changed over time?
how did lawmakers force schools to integrate by threatening to cut them off from the free school lunch program.
So did this actually happen?
-What were the schools demographics as far as race and money -Which schools had access to better food.
Are there answers to these questions?
Why is it that quality and quantity of food offered through the National Free School vary based on racial and social demographic of a district? How has this variations been affected by lawmakers and changing demographics since the 1940’s?
Technically two questions, though closely related. It seems like they can work together pretty well.
war
rights?
Price List
Impact on pop culture?
IV. Birth of Soda When did people start using the term soda and why did it become popular
Necessary? If so, maybe place earlier?
I. Soda Fountains an early look at them. This page will talk about where the idea originated from II. Introduction to Soda Fountains: Why was this Scalar made
Probably switch the order of these two
Media
Not that you aren't doing this also (if so, disregard this), but I recommend putting media throughout the Scalar.
The impact of the soda fountain in popular culture throughout history
What about the impact of soda fountains in popular culture?
Armijo, Stephanie
Heads up: This will take you to a blank page, but the research prospectus is in the Scalar's table of contents.
Packaging was a fundamental factor in spreading popcorn to the masses.
Importance of marketing again
Marketing
Is this possibly big enough to be part of your thesis?
used in many ways in indigenous culture.
If the argument here is that indigenous cultures have been eating popcorn all along (assuming I am reading this right), what is the connection back to the thesis of the industrial revolution and mechanization?
uncovered
?
The popularity and the nearly impossible resistance to the smell of the aroma of freshly popped corn kernels drove popcorn from the stands on the street corner into the homes of millions of people across the United States.
Just to clarify: your thesis is that innovation and mechanization led to popularity, right?
earn a living in the United States
If a product becomes an economic success and has profound cultural impacts, it's probably a given that it created jobs as well. Not sure this is an impact you need to mention in the thesis.
But this seems like a good thesis to me!
Outline
I was going to comment that the overall argument might need to be more focused, but I was in paper mode. I think this is a really good level of focus for Scalar.
was also influenced
PV
was
PV
Bibliography
For those keeping score at home, it's 51 sources.
e
affected
rank paraphrases and quotes,
awk.
explains this intensification by explaining
awk
e
comma
He is quoted in Hartman’s book to have stated
awk.
it is enough of a motivational factor to drive people to work against their own prosperity.
I see this as turning Frank on his head. This should be expanded on and clarified; it's really good.
mixed up their religious identity with that of their national identities, which ended up resulting in the idea of “Christian America”
I like using the concepts of "soul" and "identity" to describe what is at stake here. Very important things.
the undying truth that people feel their way of life is constantly threatened by people different than them
👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍👍
they
it does not
Despite enormous evidence to the contrary, Frank believes culture does not and should not matter,
Thank you! You're saying what has been bouncing around in my head but that I can't muddle out on paper. This is a killer paragraph.
The American public for better or worse votes on issues that it cares about, and few issues take higher standing than culture.
This is gold.
However, issues such as abortion, homosexuality, gun control, and evolution were extremely serious to these Midwest conservatives.
Reading this, I think you're on Hartman's side.
boom
I like the vigorous tone overall; it's engaging. Just watch out for occasional onomatopoeia, slang, etc.
Nostalgia, priorities, and economics also influenced party affiliations through the controversial culture wars.
Mentioning economics as a major influence gives credence to the Frank argument about class. Probably want to clarify who you're supporting--Frank, or Hartman.
he supports the just position of conservatives
I think this is a misreading of Hartman. Hartman summarizes the positions of liberals and conservatives, and at times sympathizes with both sides. At times, he also condescends to both sides. His main thesis is that the battle between these two groups were fundamental to American . . . civilization, almost. He is saying that, regardless of one's political leanings, we can recognize that the Culture Wars represent a fundamental clash over the definition of this nation.
Liberals
The paragraphs from here on out are pretty good summaries of the Culture Wars, but you need more analysis about why X events (Engel v Vitale, feminism, family structure) are super important to American life.
rank states that when “the state’s lawmakers combine this flamboyant public piety with a political agenda that only makes the state’s material problems worse” (Frank, 71). Capitalism does not always go well with other beliefs, no matter the religion.
On the whole, you're siding with Hartman in this paper, so when you agree with Frank on specific issues, you need to frame it so that it's not contradicting your larger argument. I don't think it's contradicting you here per se, but it's unclear how this fits into your thesis. How does the dissonance of capitalism and Christianity in the same room = Hartman's argument about the grave importance of the Culture War?
almost impossible
What is the impact of this impossibility? Given that you're siding with Hartman, you may want some more apocalyptic-level language to give some oomph to the Culture Wars.
that has no true middle ground,
Your thesis right now echoes Hartman somewhat, but I think that it needs to interact with Frank a bit more. This could be accomplished by presenting a dichotomy and choosing one option over the other.
e
comma
Economic pressures on white society caused the racial failures of postwar America, because white America perceived race as a new economic threat to their class stature.
Without post-war economic pressures on the white working class, racial tensions would never have been as pronounced as they were/whites viewed racial issues economic threats
In
A more fundamental/"bone" change I recommend is including more from Cowie, so you aren't just constrained to the topic of cities, suburbs, and ghettoes. Of course this is just a draft so I get that you may have discussion of Cowie coming but just haven't added it yet.
Quite a few whites were simply looking out for their own wellbeing during this time.
This is really strong
bones of my paper before fleshing it out with quotes
Ah, I see. Many of my comments are asking you to include quotes, but I hadn't seen this yet. I really like your point about suburbs also being defined by class more than race. Although it's definitely a challenging point to make, there is definitely good material to expand on it.
Many whites moved to a different area altogether to find employment while many blacks did not risk the move. The Great Migration brought many blacks North, but when the work was gone, many blacks stayed in the North rather than looking elsewhere for employment
Much of your paper seems to hinge on this point. It probably needs more evidence, especially about whites versus blacks "risking the move." My instinct tells me that Sugrue has evidence of blacks "risking the move" but being forced back by white homeowners, but there may be evidence to make your point. Also, if whites risk the move but blacks don't, that seems to lean towards a more racial analysis.
value dropped
It would be good to include evidence about cases where value dropped.
others may blame
be more assertive
economic
descibing disco as a pan-racial economic alliance contradicts your thesis
Nixon
May want to downplay the Nixon if you end up going "class over race", b/c Cowie's argument is that Nixon neutralized class to some degree in favor of racial distinctions.
poor people of the city
Weren't the ghettos defined by racial policies instead of economic phenomena?
Especially in the United States of America, there is opportunity for all. Everyone has choices to make that will positively or negatively affect their futures. Just because you were raised poor does not mean that you are destined to die poor, as is the case in many other countries. It does not matter what color one is, there is opportunity for all.
I think you're starting to lose the thread of your argument here. People could be born and die poor and that would uphold your "class" argument.
comparatively cheaper.
But weren't the slumlords basically extorting abnormally high prices from black residents in the slums?
Even though race is the most socially constructed of all social categories (there is no biological dimension to race, it is a cultural phenomenon), the courts found racial identities absolute, while class boundaries were too diffuse to address
This makes the opposite point.
However, blacks live in other parts of those cities as well. What separates the slums from the cities is class difference.
I like this, maybe you could expand this section on housing with quotes about the upper-middle class black neighborhoods in Detroit.
of the working class left.
If your paper is all about what divided the working class, maybe postwar America is about other factors taking precedence over class unity.
far right caused by class struggles
But the quote about the "state is the enemy" doesn't talk about class and the popular Merle Hagard song was about the non-economic (drugs, draft cards) aspects of liberalism. Country music was about white identity--not sure country music is the best place to go for a class argument.
Because of class
I thought the primary conservative-liberal divide became race.
the industrial worker
I think this section glosses too much over Nixon's dividing of the industrial class along racial lines.
the working class was in control.
"was in control," or needed political attention?
70
didn't this begin sooner?
World War II had created an industrial boom across the United States, allowing for a middle class to rise. Take Detroit for example. During the 1940s, employment in industrial work increased 40 percent (Sugrue, 19). The city of Detroit seemed to have “boundless” opportunities for manufacturing jobs (19). Cities across the country including Los Angeles, Chicago, and New York followed the same industrialization pattern. World War II and an industrialization economy had also created the rise of the union. At the end of World War II, “over one-third of non-agricultural workers” were union members (Cowie, 28). Unions held “unparalleled political influence, a state tolerant of its activities, and a web of allies” that held “remarkable position(s) of power” (28). As unions gained power, their members made considerable gains economically. A powerful new industrial middle class was born (28). From the 1940s until the early 1970s, this “middle class” had wage increases of 62 percent (28). Those able to obtain an industrial job in the Post-War world were able to create an entirely new economic class in the United States. Unfortunately for the new middle class, this success would not last. The middle class, and their struggles, changed American history through the second half of the twentieth-century.
extraneous
The United States has been a racially charged climate since at least the Civil War. Race riots have occurred in many major cities, including Detroit and Baltimore, leaving violence and discontent in their wake. With all of this upset, many people forget that race is not the only aspect of American society that matters when studying history. Class is extremely important to the understanding of American history since 1945. Aspects of history from elections to war attitudes could be attributed to the economy and class system
extraneous
They also had less disposable income to spend on luxuries, and could not save up their money to obtain better housing.
You should emphasize race a lot more in the housing section--this leans more economic.
’
delete
“Capitalism generates economic inequality and that African Americans have disproportionately borne the impact of that inequality”
I think this quote is itself too "marbled" to start building your case for race over class.
such as in
awkward. Also, give the state for Detroit too or don't give the state for either.
This handicap on class due to race led to the inevitable struggle between class and race that we face today in twenty-first century America
awkward
"When discussing and understanding American history after 1945, it is essential to understand how race changed America. It is argued that class often trumped race, within the molding of post-World War II America, but in fact race played an essential role in American history. "
extraneous
d Trump is in a tight contest with Marco Rubio in the Florida senator’s home-state Republican presi
test annotation