We conclude that, as in lakes, carefullyimplemented restrictions of anthropogenic nutrient inputswill be an essential feature of eutrophication managementefforts in estuarine and coastal marine ecosystems
I am interested to learn more about the polices of implemented restrictions for nutirent inputs into the enviornment. Overall, quality of water is important for marine ecosystems but relates to all food chains and the enviornment on a global scale as well.
Clearly, biological wastedisposal activities such as manure applications to croplandcan simultaneously increase the loading of phosphorus,nitrogen and potentially hazardous coliform bacteria tosurface waters [34]. However, enhanced nutrient loadingalone might also influence the abundance, composition,virulence and survival of pathogens that are already resi-dent in aquatic ecosystems.
How long does it take for these nutrient cyclying systems to become out of balance? If one system is unbalnced then multiple systems can be affected, but which cycles are worse than others to be changed?
OC concentrations in fish decreased as the result ofgrowth dilution
I was not completely sure with what exactly growth dilution meant for a population. In terms of food chains, growth dilution is the relationship between the concentration of contaminates as it decreases and the size of an organism increases in an ecosystem.
Cultural eutrophication (excessive plant growth resultingfrom nutrient enrichment by human activity) is theprimary problem facing most surface waters today. It isone of the most visible examples of human changes to thebiosphere
These sentences are important because they describe what cultural eutrophication is and declares that it is a major problem. The author wants to make it clear how eutrophication is a problem and starts the introduction being clear so there is not misunderstanding.
this research demonstrates that the experiencein Washington, DC is consistent with decades of researchlinking elevated WLLs to higher BLL and EBL (23, 24). Studiesin France (25), Scotland (26) and Germany (27) correlatedWLLs to adult BLLs, even for adults drinking water aftercorrosion control markedly reduced water lead levels
This article was interesting to read as it was very informative and related to my future interests. I would like to learn more about drinking water contamination and the effects it has on the enviornment and human health.
The 90thpercentile WLLs (Figure 1) increased after the switch tochloramine disinfectant in November 2000 (1). The exactpoint at which the WLLs began to rise after the switch indisinfectant cannot be precisely determined.
It is interesting to search for patterns and signals from the data but not be able to have precise measurements because of the experimental methodology.
additional modeling was conducted usingthe International Commission for Radiation Protection (ICRP)biokinetic model,
I was unfamilar with what a biokinetic model was so I researched it to better understand the context. A biokinetic model is a set of math functions that can be used to predict and describe how materials enter the body and the time-dependent behavior of them within the physiological systems.
The samples collected between July 1, 2001 andDecember 31, 2001 from that round were used in calculationsof the 90th percentile WLLs for the second half of 2001. Theremaining water samples from that round were included incalculations of 90th percentile WLLs for calendar year 2002.
I am curious about how they decided to split up the experiment and data for the calculations. Why not do three month increments? Would it have made a significant difference in the overall results?
The Washington, DC “lead in drinking water crisis” wastriggered by a change in disinfectant from free chlorine tochloramine in November 2000 (1). The switch in disinfectantreduced the concentration of potential carcinogens (abyproduct of chlorine disinfection) to levels below thosespecified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).However, the chloramine also altered the water chemistryand unexpectedly caused lead to leach from lead service linepipes (1, 2) and other plumbing materials such as leadedbrass and solder
This passage in the introduction paragraph sets the entire article up and lets the reader know what information will be explored more in depth. It gives the necessary background of how this crisis came to be and the cause and effect response it had. This is important because without understanding what triggered this change, the data would not make as much sense.
Analysis of national water utilitydata shows that Flint and CorpusChristi are not isolated cases wherecommunities of color received low-quality water; the results here pro-vide strong evidence that there is asystemic issue
The idea of there being a systemic issue with something that should be a basic human right for everyone is upsetting. Each person should have the same cleanliness and non-contamination in drinking water no matter their background. I want to revisit this idea later in the class as I explore the idea of water toxicology.
ethnic bias
I understand what these words mean separately but did not exactly understand the meaning in this context. Ethnic bias in relation to the drinking water quality is refering to the systemic inequalities of contaminated and clean water because of a communities ethnicity.
maximum contaminant limit
How does the state and USEPA determine these limits to set? The water needs to be treated, but how do they test which levels are too high or low for a species?
Is community drinking waterquality in the United States system-ically correlated with class, race,and/or ethnicity?
This question relates to a the Race, Gender, and Equality course I took where we looked at patterns and trends of equal opportunities of clean water in different areas of a community and their socioeconomic status.
The demographic realities inFlint have made it emblematic of environmental injustice, a term thatrepresents the possibility that poor and minority communities may bedisproportionately exposed to environmental harms
This sentence stood out to me because it started off immediately discussing an example of a well-known enviornmental injustice in Flint and then stated this to send their message of why it was important to. The authors also define what enviornmental injustice is which relates to the title and is the central idea of the article. Emblematic refers to the idea of something being related to a much bigger problem, in this case that the inequality of drinking water is seen on a global scale.