DR. Patrialis Akbar, S.H., M.H., Adil Supatra Akbar, S.H., M.Kn., Syaefullah Hamid,S.H., M.H., Muhammad Ainul Syamsu, S.H., M.H., Nurul Azmi, S.H., M.H.,Ardiansyah, S.H., Sudarman, S.H., dan Stefen Alves Tes Mau, S.H., kesemuanyaadalah Advokat dan Konsultan Hukum pada law firm Patrialis Akbar & CO,beralamat di Jalan Jalan Cakrawijaya I, Blok H Nomor 2a-3a, Cipinang Muara,Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur

Remana Nugroho,S.H., Miftakhul Huda, S.H., Suryantara, S.H., M.H., Afif Rosadiansyah, S.H., M.H.,Fanadani Dewi, S.H., Yubi Supriyatna, S.H., Sisca Lisa Siagian, S.H., RR. WM.Yulianti Sapardi, S.H., David Ronald, S.H., M.H., M. Mahrus Ali, S.H., AndinaMardiana, S.H., Ibnu Hardiman, S.H., Makrifat Putra, S.H., M.H., Istiarta FajarPurnama, S.H., M.H.Li., Nur Farid, S.H., Nyoman Yustisia P. Rahardjo, S.H., M.H.,Rini Widiyanti, S.H., Setiyo Hermawan, S.H., Feince Poonis, S.H. Ummi KultsumAnifah Rohmaniya, S.H., M.H., Khairil Amin, S.H., Irvan Yudha Oktara, S.H.,Ridhotul Hairi, S.H., dan Fikri Surya, S.H., Advokat/Pengacara pada BengawanLaw firm, beralamat di Jalan Imam Bonjol Nomor 29, Jakarta Pusat

Abdul Aziz Saleh, S.H., M.H.,Mohammad Umar Halimuddin, S.H., M.H., Nur Fadly Danial, S.H., Moh. YudaSudawan, S.H., M.H., Akbar Junaid, S.H., Muhammad Amril Imran, S.H., Delvi, S.H.,M.H., Ramdhany Tri Saputra, S.H., Moh. Fahruddin, S.H., Audy Rahmat, S.H.,Muhammad Aulia Y. Guzasiah, S.H., M.H., Yusran, S.H., Pria Ramadhan Machmud,S.H., Muhammad Wahyu, S.H., Eko S, S.H., Muhammad Nursal, S.H., AzhamIdham, S.H., Dr. Rahmat, S.H., M.H., Fandy Irianto Djudjur, S.H., Julianto Asis, S.H.,M.H., R.A. Shanti Dewi Mulyaraharjani, S.H., M.H., Nasrullah, S.H., M.H. dan MunirKairoti, S.H., M.H. Advokat dan Konsultan Hukum yang tergabung pada TimAdvokasi Inti Partai Amanat Nasional

Tujupuluh

sidik jari parapenghadap

perubahan satu (1) coretan dengan ------gantian

KPU dapat melakukan koordinasi denganKementerian Dalam Negeri atau lembaga/instansi terkaityang berwenang

dapat dilengkapi dengan sumber data lain

own

Failing to grasp the true message behind this allegory, traditional commentators misinterpreted this as a ‘real’ event of the remote past that involved physical participation of God, angels, Devil, Adam and his wife! Obviously, this is a very superficial, literal understanding of a very complex, metaphorical description – a description about the Creator’s ‘interaction’ with His creation. This is not only anthropomorphic and idolatrous but also a serious desecration of the underlying spirit of the Quran.

Even in our current case study (2:29-38), we notice how the story of Adam appears in a context that repeatedly refers to ‘parables’ and ‘allegories’ (‘mathal’ or ‘parable’ in 2:17, 2:17, 2:26, 2:26; ‘mutashabihan’ or ‘allegories’ in 2:25)

a story is an allegory/parable/fable with certain moral intent, it is not time-bound

narrated in the Quran in the past tense

seven instances

For-profit or commercial entities are not eligible to apply

U.S.-based and Indonesia-based non-profit organizations/nongovernment organizations(NGOs);

Projects whose sole goal is to create or develop web-basedapplications

Charitable

PAS is only able to consider grants that will take place in Indonesia or online (ie, virtualprogramming) or a combination of in Indonesia and online (hybrid). The program should beprimarily for Indonesians, though a wider array of audiences/participants may be considered.Preference is for programs that offer meaningful and repeat contact with influential Indonesiansor Indonesians likely to develop into leaders in business, government, academic or civil society.Programs should promote U.S.-Indonesia relations, and may include Americans.

Education and Human Capacity: activities that promote educational partnerships andcooperation between U.S. and Indonesian education institutions (highschool and above),leadership and soft skill development, human capital development, and educational,exchange, and training opportunities for U.S. and Indonesian students and teachers.

All programs must include an Americancultural or media-related element, or a connection with American expert/s, organization/s,or institution/s in a specific field that will promote increased understanding of U.S. policyand perspectives.

include but are not limited

They generally have inadequate Islamic education, so it has great potential to cut off Harun Nasution's Muslim intellectual network at the IAIN or UIN.

The assumption that Harun Nasution's thinking is philosophical and, therefore, difficult to realize in social reality has been refuted in this article. This article proves that people do not need the details of the contents of an intellectual's thoughts, but rather their influence in opening people's minds to take action.

The assumption that Harun Nasution's thinking is philosophical and, therefore, difficult to realize in social reality has been refuted in this article. This article proves that people do not need the details of the contents of an intellectual's thoughts, but rather their influence in opening people's minds to take action.

normative

rational Islamic intellectuals found in Harun Nasution's Islamic thought.

However, Muslim intellectuals at UIN Suska Riau are active social actors. In this case, they are agents conducting negotiations with various ideas, including those of Harun Nasution.

ome of these subjects are Introduction to Islamic Religion, Philosophy, Mysticism / Sufism, Theology, Sociology, and Research Methodology. Harun Nasution proposed all these courses in 1973 duringthe IAIN rector meeting in Indonesia (Jabali & Jamhari, 2002: p.33).

This distinction makes lecture rooms and lecturers of UIN or IAIN in Indonesia a new locomotive for rational, critical, open, and moderate Islam.

the IAIN or UIN h

For Harun, the Old Order era was filled with political uproar so that the government did not focus on development.

Muslim intellectuals such as Harun Nasution supported the New Order policy, which focused on development.Harun Nasution (Uchrawi & Thaha, 1989:45) said:I returned to Indonesia because I agreed with the New Order. There were many changes made by this government, especially compared to the Old Order or that in Egypt, Pakistan, India, or Syria at the same time.

One of his well-known points of thought is 'Islam yes, Islamic Party no.'

Some Muslim intellectuals such as Nurcholish Madjid, Abdur Rahman Wahid, Dawam Rahardjo, and others are active in non-political areas.

The reduced political activity of Islam provides space for Indonesian Muslims to focus on developing non-political activities(Rosidi, 2022).

The interview was done among five lecturers of UIN Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau. They are selected based on the purposive sampling technique. In this article, all their names are pseudonyms to protect their privacy.

multiple perspectives such as historical and sociological approaches, not only normative approaches

critical

critical

Whether thisgeneralization adequately captures the maqasid and spirit of Nasution's reforms canonly be determined by making at least some assessment of the CONTENT of theprogram building Nasution implemented.

Itu sebabnya Habib Luthfi bin Yahya dengan tegas meminta bendera HTI diturunkan dalam sebuah acara. Mursyid yang juga keturunan Rasulullah ini paham benar dengan sejarah dan status hadits soal bendera ini. Saya ikut pendapatnya Imam Ibn Hajar dan ikut sikap Habib Luthfi.

Saya hanya ingin menunjukkan tanpa khilafah (baca: SPI) maka syariat Islam juga bisa diterapkan.

Benarkah sejarah khilafah menunjukkan pertumpahan darah tersebut? Ketika Bani Abbasiyah merebut khilafah, darah tertumpah di mana-mana. Ini “rekaman” kejadiannya:Pasukan tentara Bani Abbas menaklukkan kota Damsyik, ibukota Bani Umayyah, dan mereka “memainkan” pedangnya di kalangan penduduk, sehingga membunuh kurang lebih lima puluh ribu orang. Masjid Jami’ milik Bani Umayyah, mereka jadikan kandang kuda-kuda mereka selama tujuh puluh hari, dan mereka menggali kembali kuburan Mu’awiyah serta Bani Umayyah lainnya. Dan ketika mendapati jasad Hisyam bin Abdul Malik masih utuh, mereka lalu menderanya dengan cambuk-cambuk dan menggantungkannya di hadapan pandangan orang banyak selama beberapa hari, kemudian membakarnya dan menaburkan abunya. Mereka juga membunuh setiap anak dari kalangan Bani Umayyah, kemudian menghamparkan permadani di atas jasad-jasad mereka yang sebagiannya masih menggeliat dan gemetaran, lalu mereka duduk di atasnya sambil makan. Mereka juga membunuh semua anggota keluarga Bani Umayyah yang ada di kota Basrah dan menggantungkan jasad-jasad mereka dengan lidah-lidah mereka, kemudian membuang mereka di jalan-jalan kota itu untuk makanan anjing-anjing. Demikian pula yang mereka lakukan terhadap Bani Umayyah di Makkah dan Madinah. Kemudian timbul pemberontakan di kota Musil melawan as-Saffah yang segera mengutus saudaranya, Yahya, untuk menumpas dan memadamkannya. Yahya kemudian mengumumkan di kalangan rakyat: “Barangsiapa memasuki masjid Jami’, maka ia dijamin keamanannya.” Beribu-ribu orang secara berduyun-duyun memasuki masjid, kemudian Yahya menugaskan pengawal-pengawalnya menutup pintu-pintu Masjid dan menghabisi nyawa orang-orang yang berlindung mencari keselamatan itu. Sebanyak sebelas ribu orang meninggal pada peristiwa itu. Dan di malam harinya, Yahya mendengar tangis dan ratapan kaum wanita yang suami-suaminya terbunuh di hari itu, lalu ia pun memerintahkan pembunuhan atas kaum wanita dan anak-anak, sehingga selama tiga hari di kota Musil digenangi oleh darah-darah penduduknya dan berlangsunglah selama itu penangkapan dan penyembelihan yang tidak sedikit pun memiliki belas kasihan terhadap anak kecil, orang tua atau membiarkan seorang laki-laki atau melalaikan seorang wanita. Seorang ahli fiqh terkenal di Khurasn bernama Ibrahim bin Maimum percaya kepada kaum Abbasiyin yang telah berjanji “akan menegakkan hukum-hukum Allah sesuai dengan al-Qur’an dan Sunnah”. Atas dasar itu ia menunjukkan semangat yang berkobar-kobar dalam mendukung mereka, dan selama pemberontakan itu berlangsung, ia adalah tangan kanan Abu Muslim al-Khurasani. Namun ketika ia, setelah berhasilnya gerakan kaum Abbasiyin itu, menuntut kepada Abu Muslim agar menegakkan hukum-hukum Allah dan melarang tindakan-tindakan yang melanggar kitab Allah dan Sunnah Rasul-Nya, segera ia dihukum mati oleh Abu Muslim. Cerita di atas bukan karangan orientalis tapi bisa dibaca di Ibn Atsir, jilid 4, h. 333-340, al-Bidayah, jilid 10, h. 345; Ibn Khaldun, jilid 3, h. 132-133; al-Bidayah, jilid 10, h. 68; al-Thabari, jilid 6, h. 107-109. Buku-buku ini yang menjadi rujukan Abul A’la al-Maududi ketika menceritakan ulang kisah di atas dalam al-Khilafah wa al-Mulk.

4. Kalau khilafah berdiri, maka ummat islam akan bersatu. Lantas kenapa harus ditolak? Bukankah kita menginginkan persatuan ummat Sejumlah dalil mengenai persatuan ummat Islam dan kaitannya dengan khilafah banyak dikutip oleh “pejuang khilafah” belakangan ini: Rasulullah SAW bersabda: “Jika dibai’at dua orang Khalifah, maka bunuhlah yang terakhir dari keduanya.” (HR. Muslim) Bagaimana “rekaman” sejarah soal ini? Ini daftar tahun berkuasanya khilafah yang sempat saya catat: Ummayyah (661-750) Abbasiyah (750-1258) Umayyah II (780-1031) Buyids (945-1055) Fatimiyah (909-1171) Saljuk (1055-1194) Ayyubid (1169-1260) Mamluks (1250-1517) Ottoman (1280-1922) Safavid (1501-1722) Mughal (1526-1857) Dari daftar di atas kita ketahui bahwa selepas masa Khulafa al-Rasyidin, ternyata hanya pada masa Umayyah dan awal masa Abbasiyah saja terdapat satu khalifah untuk semua ummat Islam. Sejak tahun 909 (dimana Abbasiyah masih berkuasa) telah berdiri juga kepemimpinan ummat di Egypt oleh Fatimiyyah (bahkan pada periode Fatimiyah inilah Universitas al-Azhar Cairo dibangun). Di masa Abbasiyah, Cordova (Andalusia) juga memisahkan diri dan punya kekhalifahan sendiri (Umayyah II). Di Andalusia inilah sejarah Islam dicatat dengan tinta emas, namun pada saat yang sama terjadi kepemimpinan ganda di tubuh ummat, toh tetap dianggap sukses juga. Pada masa Fatimiyyah di Mesir (909-1171), juga berdiri kekuasaan lainnya: Buyids di Iran-Iraq (945-1055). Buyids hilang, lalu muncul Saljuk (1055-1194), sementara Fatimiyah masih berkuasa di Mesir sampai 1171. Ayubid meneruskan Fatimiyyah dengan kekuasaan meliputi Mesir dan Syria (1169-1260). Dan seterusnya, … silahkan diteruskan sendiri. Jadi, sejarah menunjukkan bahwa khilafah itu tidak satu; ternyata bisa ada dua atau tiga khalifah pada saat yang bersamaan. Siapa yang dipenggal lehernya dan siapa yang memenggal? Mana yang sah dan mana yang harus dibunuh?

Ketiga, kelompok yang hendak mengganti ideologi negara dengan menegakkan Negara Islam dan/atau khilafah. Tindakan mereka merusak kesepakatan pendiri bangsa. Ini radikal dalam politik.

Yang menjadi masalah adalah saat sistem khilafah yang dikonseptualisasikan an-Nabhani ini dianggap sebagai satu-satunya kebenaran, dan itu dipaksakan sebagai khilafah yang benar,”

Dengan begitu kita akan memahami bahwa persoalan kepemimpinan—khilafah (red.)—ini sebetulnya sudah selesai dengan diterimanya Pancasila dan UUD 1945, bahkan telah ada amandemen UUD 1945. Kalau memang tak bisa menerima ya silakan ubah konstitusinya… tapi pertarungannya di level parlemen melalui pemilu,”

dalam konteks Indonesia, pandangan para ulama Nusantara yang mengerucut pada pembentukan Republik Indonesia adalah hasil ijtihad yang sah.

pertumbuhan ekonomi tetap kecil dan lamban

krisis kredit perumahan AS (Subprime Mortgage) adalah dampak dari kekalahan perang dagang AS melawan RRC

eltigani abdul-qadir hamidis Director of the OrientalPrinting and Publishing Groups, Manama, Bahrain. She was formerVisiting Professor in Education at the University of Toronto, Canada, and has contributed a number of articles in journals.

dinning room

That being said, if the tax liabilities happened to grow faster than government spending due to the nature of the tax structure and the institutional lending structure, such growth could be associated with currency strength. This is the recent US model. Growth has been propelled by an accelerating advance of private sector credit growth, so much so that the savings rate has gone negative for perhaps the first time ever. However, though this credit expansion has sustained GDP growth and total employment, it has not been sufficient to sustain corporate profit growth. And, an economy thus propelled may end very badly, as credit expansion without income expansion is case of increasing financial leverage. The mother of all Minsky bubbles is upon us

further required to comply with debt and deficit limits. The following financial proposals, therefore, are presented only inresponse tocurrent political realities.

the transition-jobwage becomes the de facto minimum wage for the economy, eliminating the need for specific minimum wage legislation and enforcement, and stabilizing prices also in a recession

The advantage of the transition-jobover unemployment buffer stock is to make “more liquid” labor, because transition-jobworkers are more readily hired by the private sector, thereby better stabilizing private sector wages and prices during an expansion.

Price stability is promoted as the transition-job wagebecomes the defacto minimum wage in the economy, while at the same time the supply of workers employed in transition jobs are readily available to private sector employers and thereby act as an anti inflationary price anchor.

the Great Inflation is the only historical instance of a major, prolonged and persistent inflationary episode during peacetime

alat pembayaran yang sah dalam kegiatan perekonomian nasional dan internasional guna mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial bagi seluruh rakyat Indonesia

untuk

Sesuai UU No. 13 tahun 1968, demi keseragam dan efisiensi, BI diberikan hak tunggal untuk mengeluarkan uang kertas dan uang logam

Dengan demikian, berakhirlah penggunaan uang RIS yang

;.

makna adanya instru-men institusional yang berwenanguntuk menegakkan syari’at Islamsesuai dengan kehendak PiagamJakarta. Dengan begitu, terdapatinstrumen institusional yang meno-pang kewajiban bagi negara danummat Islam untuk melaksanakansyari’at Islam sebagaimana dike-hendaki oleh Piagam Jakarta.

sebagian transaksi mungkin tidak menggunakan mata uang, melainkan dengan cara barter.”

Pada awalnya, uang berfungsi sebagai alat penukar atau pembayaran. Seiring perkembangan peradaban manusia, uang juga berfungsi sebagai alat penyimpan nilai, satuan hitung, dan ukuran pembayaran yang tertunda.

;.

alat pertukaran atau alat pembayaran seperti kulit kerang, batu permata, gading, telur, garam, beras, binatang ternak, atau benda-benda lainnya. Dalam perkembangan selanjutnya masyarakat menggunakan benda-benda seperti logam dan kertas sebagai uang.

Jauh sebelum mengenal uang, manusia melakukan barter atau pertukaran barang atau jasa untuk barang dan jasa yang diinginkan.

According to him, the bureaucracy was in practice overstaffed, underpaid, largely incompetent, with overlapping tasks and few responsibilities, whereas patronage distribution was the glue that held the system together (Crouch 2010:17). Compared to his pre-decessor President Suharto had more money to distribute which he derived from oil revenues and foreign aid. This enabled him to control various factions among the elite (military, business, bureaucrats) by granting licenses, access to projects, credit and jobs in exchange for loyalty. A pyramid of patron-client relationships ran down from the presidential palace to the villages, while the entire bureaucracy was permeated with officially encouraged corruption in the context of which government party Golkar operated as a nation-wide patronage network (Crouch 2010:161). There was an informal system of taxa-tion by which bureaucrats supplemented their modest salaries with selling of licenses and levying personalized forms of taxation. In a similar vein the mili-tary, whose budget was only partly covered by the state budget, gathered their own funding through business activities and security services.

The growing movement for democratic constitutionalism and globaljustice in western legal and political research centres can play an importantpartnership role in the growth of democratic constitutionalism in practice.

I believe that Abu Nasr al-Farabi was consciously carrying on the project begun by earlier generations of Muslim philosophers, such as al-Kindī and the circle of translators gathered around him. They had come up with the idea of applying the Greek philosophical and scientific heritage to the contemporary debate concerning the proper interpretation of the Islamic doctrine. As Dimitri Gutas has shown, for a brief but decisive moment in the eighth and ninth centuries CE, holders of political and economic power in the Abbasid state saw rationalist theology and philosophy as potential allies in the cultural sphere, and that the consequent investment in translation and indigenous Arabic literary activity is explicable in this way.

He agrees in his interpretation with the Mu´tazila: “I believe that in order to make sense of the Qur’an, we need to understand the text metaphorically rather than literally

manusiahanyamengalami perubahanukuran fisiksaja

3 macam

segenggam tanah yang diambildari seluruh unsur-unsur tanah sehingga keturunannyaberpotensi memiliki warna kulit yang berbeda dan karakteryang berbeda

Tabel 4

Tabel 3Nilai indeks letusan gunung api dan akibat yang ditimbulkannya.

(Diolah dari berbagai sumber)

(Diolah dari berbagai sumber)

In the image above, trilobites (1) live among many species that are not normally preserved. A typical Cambrian outcrop might produce only trilobites, brachiopods (2), mollusks (3), and crinoids (4). That is a tiny fraction of the full Cambrian biota, better represented by the roster of the Burgess Shale Cambrian Konservat-Lagerstatten. That community includes sponges Vauxia (5), Hazelia (6), and Eifellia (7); brachipods Nisusia (2); priapulid worms Ottoia (8); trilobites Olenoides (1); other arthropods such as Sidneyia (9), Leanchoilia (10), Marella (11), Canadaspis (12), Helmetia (13), Burgessia (14), Tegopelte (15), Naraoia (16), Waptia (17), Sanctacaris (18), and Odaraia (19); lobopods Hallucigenia (20) and Aysheaia (21); mollusks Scenella (3); echinoderms Echmatocrinus (4); and chordates Pikaia (22); among other oddities, including Haplophrentis (23), Opabinia (24), Dinomischus (25), Wiwaxia (26), Amiskwia (27), and Anomalocaris (28)

Table 1: Overview of categories in the actor mapping component

The inherent conflict between rulers seeking to keep their citizens free of debt bondage on the one hand, and creditors seeking their own gains at the palace’s expense, has been a thread running down the history of civilization. The distinctive feature of Western economies is privatization of credit, land, nature, and public infrastructure. That is the real detour from earlier millennia. Archaic societies treated land required for subsistence as a basic right for their citizenry. Instead of commodifying labor and land ownership to make debt bondage and foreclosure irreversible, Mesopotamian rulers proclaimed Clean Slates so as to avoid the financial polarization between creditors and debtors that later brought on a Dark Age. Today the debt dynamic is imposing austerity on today’s Western world, transferring property to creditors who have gained enough control over government to block protection of debtors.

Table 1-List of National Policies in Europe; status Jul

all be re-useablefor commercial and non-commercial purposes ifthis data has made available in an institutional or subject-based repos

ata rather

Dr. Ahmad Sofian, SH, MA Dr. Maqdir Ismail, SH., LLMErlangga Kurniawan, SH, MHIr. Zaim Saidi, MPA

Dunia Menuju Kembali ke Emas dan Perak

Sementara SDA terbatas jumlahnya.

7. Bank Indonesia Siapa Punya?

Sistem Uang Kertas Dikendalikan Pihak Swasta

Tidak Semua Benda adalah Uang

Sistem Uang Fiat adalah Riba

Dia membeberkan, bentuk dialog Jakarta-Papua yang disetujui Jokowi ialah “dialog sektoral”. Masing-masing dialog akan fokus terhadap sektor tertentu seperti pendidikan, kesehatan, kehutanan, perkebunan, pertambangan, perikanan, dan lainnya. Mereka perlu merancang tujuan, target, moderator, dan notulen dari dialog sektoral.

respondents in the Asia and the Pacific region emphasize on the needs for Links with indigenous and local knowledge, Open innovation, and Open infrastructures much more than the global inputs(almost twice more).

Links with indigenous and local knowledge

half of the respondents are male (62%), while 37% of the respondents are women, and 1% other

36-45 (40%), and 46-60 (30%), the remaining 30% are represented by under 35 and above 6

Others

Publisher

etc.

academia, research centres, scientific communities, policy makers, citizen science, publishers, libraries, etc.

al offices, UNESCO ‘category 2 centers, and targeted government officials, academic institutions and private sectors in the region,

the region. The questionnaire survey was administered via online platform from 1st December 2079 to 15th March 2020,

publication processes,

guarantee research quality

scientific evaluation metrics

limited human resources, insuficient infrastructure and limited funds

innovative funding opportunities

en data, open reproducible research, open science evaluation, open science guidelines, ‘open projects and open science tools such as open repositories.

Importance of Industry 4.0 Transition

Pekan ini saya memandu sebuah diskusi bersama tujuh perempuan pemberani –seorang guru, seorang pengacara, seorang ombudsman, dua psikolog, dan dua aktivis. Mereka mengadakan pertemuan pers guna mendukung Surat Keputusan Bersama, yang memungkinkan siswi dan guru perempuan untuk memilih apakah akan mengenakan jilbab (istilah umum di Indonesia untuk kain buat menutupi kepala, leher, dan dada) di sekolah negeri. SKB tersebut memerintahkan semua pemerintah daerah dan kepala sekolah untuk mencabut peraturan wajib jilbab di hampir 300.000 sekolah negeri di Indonesia.

Tidak jelas berapa banyak sekolah negeri, terutama di 24 provinsi yang mayoritas penduduknya Muslim, yang memiliki peraturan wajib jilbab untuk siswi Muslim.

Banyak siswi yang mengeluh bahwa seragam cokelat yang tebal membuat aktivitas di luar ruangan menjadi panas dan tidak nyaman.

Status istimewa ini punya konsekuensi yang tak diinginkan. Ia memberanikan berbagai kelompok konservatif Islam di daerah lain di Indonesia.

Pandangan yang lama ditekan mencuat ke permukaan. Banyak kelompok etnis dan agama menuntut lebih banyak suara dalam ranah politik, ekonomi, dan budaya. Beberapa terlibat dalam konflik mematikan, termasuk di Aceh, di mana Gerakan Acheh Merdeka telah memperjuangkan kemerdekaan sejak 1970-an. Serangkaian militansi Islam juga muncul di berbagai daerah. Di Kalimantan, minoritas dijadikan sasaran kebencian. Di kepulauan Maluku terjadi kekerasan sektarian hingga 25,000 meninggal. Setidaknya 90.000 orang terbunuh dalam sebagian besar kekerasan etnis dan agama, dari Sumatra sampai Papua, dalam satu dekade setelah Soeharto mundur.[67]

milite

Semua aktivis ingin merdeka, mendukung Bahasa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional, dan bekerja memperkuat organisasi masyarakat sipil. [52][52] Susan Blackburn, “How Do Women Influence Political Islam in Indonesia?”, Qantara, 15 September 2009, https://en.qantara.de/content/susan-blackburn-how-do-women-influence-political-islam-in-indonesia (diakses pada 23 Juli 2020).

Wawancara dengan siswi atau narasumber perempuan lain dilakukan secara tatap muka, kecuali masa pandemi, dalam Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia, oleh pewawancara perempuan. Kami memberitahu narasumber bagaimana informasi yang dikumpulkan akan digunakan dan memberi tahu bahwa mereka bisa menolak atau menghentikan wawancara kapan pun. Kami juga menjelaskan tidak akan ada kompensasi atas partisipasi mereka.

Kami melakukan wawancara dengan para siswi dan anggota keluarga mereka di lokasi yang aman, terkadang dekat dengan sekolah. Demi alasan keamanan, termasuk ketakutan para narasumber akan adanya pembalasan berupa perundungan atau intimidasi, kami merahasiakan nama dari hampir semua siswi yang dipaksa memakai jilbab meski mereka sekarang sudah beranjak dewasa, dan, jika mereka masih anak-anak, kami juga merahasiakan nama orang tua mereka. Saat kami menyebut usia, kota, atau organisasi seseorang, kami melakukannya dengan persetujuan mereka. Kami menggunakan nama asli hanya jika individu tersebut bersikeras agar kami menggunakan nama mereka, dan hanya setelah kami yakin itu aman untuk dilakukan. Dalam kebanyakan kasus, orang-orang yang kami sebutkan namanya telah bicara sebelumnya dalam sejumlah laporan media atau menuliskan pengalaman mereka di blog atau media sosial.

Bekerja dengan organisasi-organisasi Islam, termasuk Nahdlatul Ulama dan Muhammadiyah, untuk membuat kampanye guna melarang pemaksaan dan tekanan pada anak dan perempuan mengenakan jilbab atau pakaian Islami lainnya, dan mempromosikan toleransi dan kebhinnekaan.

Rekomendasi Kunci

Mewajibkan perempuan dan anak perempuan pakai jilbab adalah bagian dari gerakan politik dan keagamaan konservatif untuk mengubah perlindungan hak asasi manusia di Indonesia. Ini merongrong hak anak dan perempuan untuk terbebas dari “kekerasan dan diskriminasi” berdasarkan konstitusi Indonesia. Perempuan berhak atas hak yang sama sebagaimana laki-laki, termasuk hak untuk mengenakan busana yang mereka pilih. Hukum hak asasi manusia internasional menjamin hak untuk secara bebas mewujudkan keyakinan agama seseorang dan hak atas kebebasan berekspresi. Setiap pembatasan terhadap hak ini hanya bisa dilakukan tujuan yang sah, diterapkan dengan cara yang tak sewenang-wenang dan non-diskriminatif.

Controversially, the Qanun also declares thatit is superior to national law and applies to non-Muslims in some circumstances

ambivalent

Art

Humminities

Gambar 1.

Apakah karena masalah ketidakmampuan menyusun anggaran, atau karena kepentingan sekelompok tertentu yang memiliki akses terhadap penyusunan anggaran atau karena ketidakmampuan meng-estimate cash-in-flow harus dibayar dengan tertunda atau dibatalkannya sejumlah penelitian bahkan bagi peneliti muda (dosen yang belum memiliki jabatan fungsional, yang sering diplesetkan sebagai tentara pelajar) akan layu sebelum berkembang?"

ekuilibrium yang diperbarui terus-menerus

keprestisiusannya, kemuliaan kontribusinya, atau keduanya

The Indonesian government should use COPE and ARJUNA more than non-inclusive standards such as Scopus and Web of Science .

collaboration among journal managers, researchers and stakeholders must be improved.

The world should envy Indonesian researchers because many Indonesian journals are open access and the majority of scholars publish their articles free of charge.

for public.

Open access is the start of science development.

This number reflects Indonesia’s important position in global academic publishing. We will explain what this means for the research ecosystem in Indonesia.

"social revolution"

no theological dimension was present in the eco-nomics of pre‐Mosaic Israel, of Egypt and Babylonia, and of Greece and Rome, the theologicalturn of Mosaic economics was an innovation in the history of economic thought

5. Prov.Aceh 1.792.367.796.000

BANTUAN SOSIAL

3posalokasi

5.2 and 15.2

Inkorporasi ilmu dalam imperatif tatanan kapitalisme ini menghasilkan capaian-capaian ilmu pengetahuan mengabdi pada keberlangsungan sistem kapitalisme disatu sisi dan perlahan-lahan kehilangan semangat kritik emansipatorisnya (yang hadir diawal berjayanya akal budi yang berhasil membebaskan dirinya dari otoritas tradisi dan dogma keyakinan) bagi pemajuan kehidupan ummat manusia.

How the Islamic economic thought evolved from the latter to the former remains an important area of research

Kendati begitu, Jokowi mengingatkan agar defisit yang di atas 3 persen ini tidak berlangsung lebih dari tiga tahun. Artinya, defisit harus kembali di bawah 3 persen pada 2023 mendatang.

Alternatively, by saying that researchers pursue taxpayer funding (rather than scientific funding) the author may be making the implicit assumption that researchers compete to work on projects in the taxpayers’ interest, rather than scientific interest. What do you think?

Do you think that when taxpayers complain that research funds are being misspent, they are essentially complaining that not enough research is being done to solve their problems?

citizens of a country can, and should, expect their government and public institutions to use resources wisely

the point here is that individual taxpayers don’t have the right to be indignant about their funds are being misspent by the NIH, as their taxes are not, in fact, being used by the NIH

directly funded by government revenue or borrowing

Another case is a paper published in the Non-Open Access journa l requiresapaidsubscription to the publisher for the article to be read or downloaded

Meanwhile,anarticlewhich under review process would be useful for other researchers if there is a preprint version that can be used

Now it is easy for academics to upload (1) preprint articles (prior peer review), without having to wait for the long w inding road of the review process,(2) postprint artic les, and even (3) articles that have been published but hasn’t online.

could be a solution to improve publicationsand c itationsboth for personal and institutiona l

However, it is said that you were banned in 2018, but I know that in 2019 you talked about your organisation per “we” (http://www.eurodoc.net/news/2019/interview-with-jon-tennant-on-open-science-mooc). So was that ban decision binding or secret? I do not understand also why the case became so famous last days. Is your former community asking you for more explanations? Or trying to condemn more?

it is Schumpeterian activities that will enable a less developedeconomyto mobilize its labor resources towards higher productivity occupations since they can continually expand the market and thus increase the division of labor.

n order to reach such results, one also needs to posit many unrealistic assumptions such as the prior existence of full employment, that there are no externalities, factors can move easily between industries, there are no scale economies, and that both economies are already producing both goods that are to be traded

the state names the ‘money of account’ (unit of account) that the citizenry’s debt will be denominated in (Wray1998).

‘gray area’

anchored at the kabupatenwhere a programme officer (under the bupati) is to coordinate a technical, statistical/data, MIS andadministrative team. The programme could reach out to other developmental and promotional programmesin the country to establish (two-way) synergies and also share personnel and infrastructure

helping to alleviate situations of poverty and un/underemployment, and creating productiveassets and services for the economy

Francisca Pattipilohy was wondering why 350 years of colonial exploitation was not the point of departure of the research.

ag: "The Netherlands never has good intentions; they just continued with all their knowledge about Jan Pieterszoon Coen -van Heutsz -Daendels -Colijn who became Prime Minister -Colonialism -Slavery -Robbery

Contrary to mainstream propaganda, nation-states can still influence corporate behavior. To do so they must engage in regional and international cooperation aimed at instituting a new global social contract that would level up living standards, impose labor and environmental regulations upon transnational corporations, and regulate global financial actors in the interests of equitable and sustainable development. A rebuilt international socialist movement must work towards international cooperation among states to re-institute capital controls and reverse the unfavorable economic conditions of developing nations. If the social democratic welfare state can no longer be sustained strictly on a national level, it must be created on an international level. Absent a worldwide New Deal, even the “privileged” workers of the advanced industrial nations may join the global majority in poverty and hunger. If global social democratic capitalism proves impossible, there will be no chance for an international movement towards the full socialization of the world economy.

While the exact details of a socialist economy are open to debate, it will most likely be a mixture of democratic planning of major investments (e.g., expenditure on infrastructure, investment in natural monopolies such as telecommunications, utilities, transport) and market exchange of consumer goods. Large, concentrated industries such as energy and steel would be publicly owned and managed by worker and consumer representatives. Many consumer-goods industries would be run as cooperatives. Workers would design the division of labor within their workplaces and thus overcome the authoritarianism of the traditional capitalist firm. Economic planning would set a guiding strategy by means of fiscal and monetary policy, with the daily coordination of supply and demand left to the market. But this market would be socialized by rendering it transparent. Enterprises would be obliged to divulge information about the design, production processes, price formation, wage conditions, and environmental consequences of the goods that they make. Publicly supported collectives—consumers’ unions—would analyze this data and propose norms to govern various aspects of these practices. Information about actual production processes and proposed norms would then be disseminated via universal, publicly supported communication networks such as the Internet. This would encourage dialogue between producers and consumers over what is socially needed.

Under the theme of "Mission Possible: Seizing the Opportunities of Future Work to Drive Inclusive Growth," Bappenas co-organized the forum with the Australian government.

MarwahSINTA ditentukanolehakuntabilitasdantatakelolatermasukpemantauanberbagaiketidakpatutan(misconduct)ilmiahyang tercatatsecarakuantitatif

Mari kitahindarikesalahanberjamaahdalammelakukansitasidalampublikasiilmiah.

INTA: perbaikanalgoritm

institusiyang bersangkutanmengetahuihaltersebut

Apamaksuddantujuantindakantersebut?

Bagaimanakahproses review padajurnaltersebut?

Bagaimanacaraalamiahmeningkatkanh-index?

Avoiding plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices

Perlupendalamanterhadapartikelpadasejumlahauthor dengansitasitinggiuntukmengidentifikasiperilakusitasi, etikapenulisanilmiahdanintegritasilmiah

Bank Indonesia has one single overarching objective: to establish and maintain rupiah stability...inflation as the final objective

Published findings funded by government grants are supposedly to be ‘liberated’ from locked file cabinets and the annals of selfish journals, but any research produced by private funding is nowhere expected to be held to the same standards. Who is it precisely that is capable of comprehension, and therefore really needs unfettered access to publicly funded research? Indeed, what is often misrepresented as ‘openness’ and ‘transparency’ is in fact a posteriori private expropriation. After all, is the average citizen really so des-perate to read and selectively disseminate the latest research reports, or is it instead the corporate research manager? For ‘the widest possible dissemination’, read ‘the most readily monetizable free resource’

any natural or legal person

First, Indonesia needs to invest much more in rebuilding its crumbling physical infrastructure, which is a serious impediment to faster growth. Increased investment in social infrastructure too, to expand and improve the quality of its health services and its education at all levels, particularly in at the secondary and tertiary levels, is essential to stronger growth. Indonesia must also improve its governance and institutions, particularly its bureaucracy and its legal and judicial systems. It remains one of the most corrupt countries in East Asia. Indonesia needs to root out corruption, since a country with pervasive corruption cannot hope to become a dynamic and prosperous country.

IMF figures show that over the period 2014–2030 the BRICs are expected to grow so fast that their share of the world economy will rise from 19.4 per cent to 30.3 per cent, exceeding the economies of the US, the EU and Japan. In 2010, China overtook Japan as the second-largest economy in the world, after the US. With a projected 2030 GDP at 94 per cent of that of America, China’s economy will not be far behind the US.

toward the four BRIC economies as a new centre of world economic power.

kedaulatan, yang lebih memberi keuntungan bagi perseorangan, kelompok maupun perusahaan multinasional ketimbang bagi kepentingan nasional.

Lukman Lukman1, Muhammad Dimyati2, Yan Rianto1, Imam Much Ibnu Subroto3, Tole Sutikno4, Deden Sumirat Hidayat5, Irene M Nadhiroh6, Deris Stiawan7, Sam Farisa Chaerul Haviana3, Ahmad Heryanto7, Herman Yuliansyah6

Rankings will be announced periodically (4 times a year) because real-time rankings may confuse policy-makers if rankings serve as a tool for rewards and penalties based on research performance.

Mision

acces

See Elsevierfor an

Concerns for such journals are identified by Scopus, or flagged to Scopus by the research community and are taken seriously. If the concern is legitimate, the title will be added to the Re-evaluation program and re-evaluated by the CSAB in the year of identification of the publication concern

Outlier journal examples include rapid and unexplainable changes to number of articles published or unexplainable changes in geographical diversity of authors or affiliations. Other features that the algorithm considers are self-citation rate and publication concerns,amongst others.

if a journal does not meet all of the six benchmarks for two consecutive years, it will be flagged for re-evaluation by the independentScopus Content Selection and Advisory Board(CSAB)

Abstract usage on Scopus.com

Number of full-text clicks on Scopus.com

contribution

Diversity

Type

Convincing

deep subject matter expertise