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    1. Problem-posing education is revolutionary futurity. Hence itis prophetic (and, as such, hopeful). Hence, it corresponds tothe historical nature of humankind. Hence, it affirms womenand men as beings who transcend themselves, who move for-ward and look ahead, for whom immobility represents a fatalthreat, for whom looking at the past must only be a means ofunderstanding more clearly what and who they are so that theycan more wisely build the fixture. Hence, it identifies with themovement which engages people as beings aware of their in-completion—an historical movement which has its point of de-parture, its Subjects and its objective.

      This reminds me of a doctrine from one of my mentors who allowed me to see that I must be perturbed over the thought of surpassing myself. In this sense it is a collaborative effort. If I may tie it to a metaphor, problem-posing education makes me think of a giant pump trolley where neither teacher or student can properly advance without the other's contribution. We must also decide in what direction we'll travel.

    2. In this view, the person is nota conscious being (corpo consciente); he or she is rather the pos-sessor of a consciousness: an empty “mind” passively open tothe reception of deposits of reality from the world outside.

      Yet again this is a piece of text that makes me look introspectively, beyond the scope of education. I can confidently say I have not come across this specific concept/question before in this field. It does make me look back at my previous annotation though where I thought about introducing this as a conversation starter. "Are you influencing the world or is it influencing you?" It is exciting to think about what my students might answer.

    3. They may perceive through their relationswith reality that reality is really a process, undergoing constanttransformation. If men and women are searchers and their on-tological vocation is humanization, sooner or later they mayperceive the contradiction in which banking education seeks tomaintain them, and then engage themselves in the struggle fortheir liberation.

      So far into this text, it seems as if there is a real necessity to introduce philosophical conversations amongst teachers and students, regardless of the subject of the class. Similar to Villegas, A. M. & Lucas, T. (2002), there are situations where direct instruction is adequate given our profession but encouraging self-discovery early on is not something I have explicitly expanded onto my curriculum. Plenty of existential food for thought which I did not expect honestly.

    1. Another strategy that culturally responsiveteachers can use to help students build bridgesbetween school learning and their lives outsideschool is drawing on the expertise of commu-nity members, including the children’s parents.

      At my own school, many students are interested in a entrepreneurial careers that stem from an understanding of their own parents financial constraints. As a math teacher I have found that developing scenarios that deconstruct common financial struggles that relate to them brings about more questions from students and makes the rest of the curriculum more consumable as they also grow an appreciation for an instructor that provides "actually helpful" skills, in their view.

    2. They need to havefaith in the ongoing project to fashion a democ-racy, acknowledging that there will be failuresas well as successes along the way. They need “afine sense of historical agency” (Apple, 1996,p. xviii) that allows them to see that schoolshave become more equitable over time and thatchange is a slow process. Thus, as teacher edu-cators we must go beyond promoting aware-ness of the ways schools perpetuate social ineq-uities and help aspiring teachers see that it ispossible to reconstruct education to give all stu-dents opportunities to learn in academically rig-orous ways.

      I have come across this mindset often particularly within the political science circles my friends would invite me to. I agree that it is necessary to be knowledgeable about the history of this field and others as it can instill hope for future change. However, some have described the roof of change to as only so high or the pace of change too slow to become a contributing agent themselves. Therefore, this idea has jumped sides in my personal experiences.

    3. the everyday consciousnessof most people in this country, validates socialinequality by portraying it as a necessary devicefor motivating talented individuals to achievehigh-status positions. It also justifies the exist-ing social order by giving it normative dignity—that is, treating it as the natural order within ameritocracy in which some “deserve” morebenefits due to their greater talent and effort. Inthis process, the system of domination isperpetuated

      I find this particular excerpt quite compelling as it calls back to previous fears I had as an undergraduate student. Being an international student, meritocracy itself wasn't a culture shock but the complacency with leaving folks behind academically, despite a lack of further inspection into backgrounds (that could uncover discernible inequity), definitely took me aback at first.