33 Matching Annotations
  1. Apr 2017
    1. In fact, over half of those museums have a connection to the various civil rights movements that have taken place not only in the City of Atlanta, but around the world, such as: The William Breman Jewish Heritage Museum, National Center of Civil and Human Rights, the Martin Luther King Jr. Center, the African-American Panoramic Experience and many more.  However, the question you may be pondering is:   How are they connected and why have I only heard of some of them?

      consider revising, it is a little confusing

    2. in June of 2014 to be exact

      maybe cut out recentally and just includde established in 2014

    3. . Reportedly , 52.45% of women ages 15-44 have children, the aging baby boom generation, and the estimated 24 million people have some form of disability

      very interesting

    4. However, I believe there is a better, updated, and more concise way, that way being technology.

      possibly move this to the intro

    5. Another thing, I believe, would assist in promoting a more mentally stimulating experience within the museum would be the additive of color.

      Instead of saying "I believe" make it as a statement,. Like "One thing that would assist a more.... " your evidence will support your claim.

    6. yellow.

      Love the video!

    7. Atlanta’s network of museums and historic sites from space fillers and field trip stops to the level of nationally sought out destinations.

      Overall, your paper was very interesting. However, I think that the biggest place for improvement is organization and a stronger introduction. If you have a stronger first paargraph where you outline where your paper is going, then it will be much more organized. Also, try to include stronger transitions between each paragraph.

    8. . (APEX)

      (Apex).

    9. there
      • their
    10. Throughout this post, I will be discussing and examining the ways in which locations, architecture, technology, colors and

      Consider making your writing a little more formal and using a more complex thesis. like ' Museums use loaction, techonolgy and colors to attract more visitors and guest.." or something like that. That way you have a very concise and clear thesis.

    11. Or maybe you’ve been waiting for me to mention the Civil Rights Movement, either way, you would all be right.

      This sentence is a little awkward, consider revising

  2. Feb 2017
    1. . Such an approach also goes beyond advertising the aesthetic value of the campus open spaces for student recruitment purposes to recognizing the entire campus landscape as a learning space and advertising its educational value – that is emphasizes something deeper than what meets the eye. References

      Overall, I found the author’s argument for greenspaces quite persuasive. After reading this, even if its not displayed in my responses, I do think that colleges need green spaces. However, I do not think it is as big of a priority as she does. Her conclusion effectively highlights her arguments for green spaces. I also like how she reviewed the cognitive attention points because it was the back bone of her argument. She also makes a point to mention that it will make the university more attractive as well as helping the students. This is one of the strongest points she makes because it is not only a call to action, but she shows the two way benefits of adding green spaces.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    2. reviously, we extended our definition of nature to include a ‘landscape’ and outlined how the concept of direct and indirect attention can help explain the cycles of fatigue and restoration among individuals, students in particular.

      The author displays many nice ways to employ green spaces to the campuses, but the author never mentions how the universities are supposed to pay for these. I want to refer to a simple economic principle; “There is no such thing as a free lunch” essentially means that the funds have to come from somewhere. Colleges, like LSU jack up student fee rates making college even more unaffordable to those who are struggling to pay tuition (Woodhouse). Students having to pay for these amenities by increasing student fees makes the campus more exclusive to the upper class. Much like I mentioned above, where in the past colleges were primarily for the rich. As colleges expand the amenities that colleges provide the more expensive and inaccessible college will be.

      #Atlsprs17 #vacrr2
      
    3. Involuntary attention occurs when individuals are presented with stimuli that are “inherently intriguing” (p.124). Interaction with natural environments (especially green nature) employs faculties of concentration not normally used – involuntary ones – thus allowing the neural mechanisms underlying directed attention a chance to rest and replenish. This in turn can benefit performance on other tasks, delay gratification, and perhaps even regulate levels of depression and stress. Therefore, providing opportunities for interactions that draw upon involuntary attention could be impactful on university campuses for attentional, fatigued students and their learning mechanisms. A wide range of natural settings in and around a college campus can play a role in student learning and engagement. Perceived greenness of different campus spaces can influence students’ perceived restorativeness in them. Student perception of the surrounding campus landscape and the opportunities it offers for intentional and unintentional learning or recreational engagement/activity might influence their overall campus experience. Research on student campus experiences related to surrounding nature in campus landscapes is a relatively newer research domain. Future research can test the premise substantiated by past literature that the natural landscape of a college can be an asset by enabling attention-restorative benefits and positively influencing learning and academic performance.

      I agree with the first definition of nature in which it describes nature as something separate from human influence or touch. Adding green spaces is not really incorporating nature into the campus because it is just some plants, grass, and the sun. Being from the country, nature is when you are in the depths of the woods where there is not a sign of human hand. Green spaces are just a way of tricking the mind to be in nature. In the following paragraphs, the author describes how “green spaces” could reduce direct attention and activate indirect attention; thus, lowering the stress rates of students. However, I feel that green spaces would ultimately be a distraction from a student’s main focus – education. The reason I think this is because students would see the green space as another “hang out” spot, leaving even less time for studying. On the flip side, green spaces would be a relaxing spot for students to go, but I do not think it would contribute to their overall learning. I do agree with the fact that nature is healing. I just do not agree that green spaces are the same thing as nature. I think a better way for students to experience the connection with nature is to actually go to nature. By this I mean that the school could have set days where they provide a shuttle to a nice wooded area or walking trail where students are actually in the middle of nature instead a grass plot. Also, I feel that the cost of running a bus a few times a week would be more cost efficient than building a whole area on campus of green spaces.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    4. As an integral part of the image, mission and goals of the university, Griffith (1994) reminds higher education communities “that open space must be treated as a scarce resource” (p.29) and as a functional and unifying element that is on par with the campus buildings, utilities, vehicular traffic, parking facilities, and pedestrian circulation campus planning components. By preserving and suitably integrating open spaces into the green infrastructure, universities can add value and quality to the campus environment by: forging a campus identity, creating a sense of community, curbing escalating campus density, serving social and recreational needs, providing environmental benefits, and facilitating fundraising and recruitment of both faculty and students (Griffith, 1994). In fact, Grummon (2009) found that 13.5% of incoming students surveyed selected a university based on sustainability concerns. A historic perspective shows that campuses are evolving in response to the prevailing philosophy of education – older campus plans emphasized disciplinary boundaries and newer campus designs are more amorphous and integrative.

      The author tries to support the claim that “open space” is just as important as utilities, parking, buildings, and other typical aspects of any building. I think that this idea is a stretch. Green spaces do not determine whether or not a student can go to school. If there were no parking or streets or even a building there would be no college! Green spaces could be a helpful aspect, but I think the author and her source are over reaching by making green spaces essential. If a college has limited funds, then greenspaces would not be the top priority. However, in a more expanded budget, where every student has low tuition, nice dorms, top of the line class rooms then I could see how green spaces could be thought of as an essential. However, this is not the case. Look at the case of Georgia State. The campus just bought Turner Field and at one point, was planning on turning Kell Hall into a green space. However, we have students that fight for parking spaces every day and other students who live in the sub-par piedmont hall. Why does the author think that green spaces are as big of a priority as dorms and parking?

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    5. Campus construction was sparse during the Depression and World War II of the 1930s and 1940s. A dramatic post-war increase in student enrollment - 2.5 million to 7 million from 1955 to 1970 (Bowman, 2011) - and new federal grant-supported scientific research programs created a frenzied need to invest in new facilities. College presidents approved filling existing campus open space with large, stand-alone structures that typically did not cohere or unify with the existing campus style (Turner, 1984). The inclusion of the automobile on campus resulted in parking lots claiming large areas of natural open space within a “ring road” type of plan, in which vehicles were mostly kept outside the pedestrian oriented campus core (Bowman, 2011, p. 27).

      This passage fits nicely with the concept of the Built Environment Project. This is because pf he connection of the past to the present and ho the architecture reflects this idea. In the post- war era of our country, from 1955 to 1970 increase the number of students enrolling into University astronomically. I also think that this increase was due to transition movements such as the civil rights movement and women’s rights movement. This expanded colleges from the rich, white male to essentially anyone with means to go to college. The need for newer buildings was growing, thus making it necessary to integrate the new with the old- much like the city of Atlanta. As college campuses’ student demographics changes, then campuses have to change as well. Another example is the call for safe spaces. As mention in the Washington Post article by Ms. Strauss, students are demanding for safe spaces. One of the reasons for the call of safe spaces is that college student bodies are growing increasingly more diverse, creating an atmosphere for conflict. In the past we can see how the “grass roots” movement in the 1970’s and global warming awareness are two other ideas that changed the shape of college campuses by calling for more “green spaces”.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    6. he word campus, (derived from a Latin word for “field” – “an expanse surrounded…by woods, higher ground, etc., Harper, n.d.) was first associated with college grounds to describe Princeton University in the 1770’s (Eckert, 2012; Turner, 1984) and now refers to the overall physical quality of higher education institutions (Bowman, 2011). Early American colleges and universities were self-sufficient and often built in rural locations with dormitories, dining halls and recreation facilities (Bowman, 2011; Eckert, 2012). Many university founders desired to create an ideal community that was a place apart, secluded from city distraction but still open to the larger community, enabling their students and faculty to devote unlimited time and attention for classical or divinity learning, personal growth, and free intellectual inquiry (Eckert, 2012; Gumprecht, 2007; Turner, 1984).

      I would like to address the author's clever use of a Latin root to make their argument more solid. The use the Latin root of "field" to directly connect the idea of greenery to campuses is an effective form of persuasion because it makes it seems that college campuses were meant to encompass nature solely because of its name. However, though the tactic is creative and somewhat effect, I still find the argument weak. The author is trying to compare campuses from the 1700's to modern colleges. The main weakness in this argument is the significant increase in population and the types of students colleges have currently. Colleges historically have been mainly for the wealthy. Maybe the idea of an "ideal community" stemmed from the need of exclusivity from the upper classes. In contrast, college is more accessible for everyone, even people of the lower class. This fact means that Georgia State has more nontraditional and commuter students than ever. I feel that is irrational and impossible to hold modern colleges to that same standard.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    7. his is reinforced by Radloff who notes that only “one fifth of a student’s time is spent in the classroom, contributing about one quarter of the total learning variance (Radloff, 1998, p. 1). Well-designed and connected networks of indoor and open spaces on campuses can be key, yet typically overlooked catalysts, in student learning and a strong influence on students’ initial and longstanding experiences that promote a sense of belonging to the learning community (Boyer, 1987; Greene, 2013).

      RR4

      I want to address the quote "1/5 of a student's time is spent in the classroom" because it is quite revealing of the life of a student. This contrasts with the lives of high school students who typically spend 40 hours a week in class. College students really are not in class, so where are they? If they are serious about their education then they are in a quiet place studying, if they aren't you can find them at a dorm party or having a Netflix marathon. Most college students fall somewhere in between. With that being said, I am not sure why the author thinks that a grassy area would be a source of improvement of this. This idea would be more plausible if the green spaces were a dead zone. Most students are attached to their phones, so without self-discipline the stimulation and attention fatigue would more than likely stay the same

      https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwj6-sLWk6rSAhWV14MKHWfcAcwQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinterest.com%2Fpin%2F429249408203771040%2F&psig=AFQjCNGRdRv1zDupSi3hWXtd4NwWhaFmLA&ust=1488074508498612

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    8. Americans expect a university campus to look different than other places (Gumprecht, 2007) and that the campus “expresses something about the quality of academic life, as well as its role as a citizen of the community in which it is located” (Dober, 1996, p.47). Today’s university must be resilient spaces in which the learning environment encompasses more than technology

      I find the author's argument to be weak in this paragraph. This is because she fails to recognize that colleges do not follow this model. As cities and campuses grow, they will intertwine. We do not live in the 1700s where cities are miles apart; cities often are side by side. There just not enough space to have the luxury of a closed campus.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    9. 2009, 20.4 million students were enrolled in 2- or 4-year colleges and universities. By 2019, enrollments are expected to rise 9% for students under age 25, and rise 23% for students over the age of 25 (Snyder & Dillow, 2011). Questions of where, when, how, and with whom today’s college students learn, confront the traditional notions of how university spaces are designed and used for effectiveness (Hashimshony & Haina, 2006). Therefore, we propose that the natural landscape of a university campus is an attentional learning resource for its students.

      RR2

      Upon reflection of this passage, I could not help but to think of Georgia State. I started attending Georgia State University in fall of 2013. Since I have started here, there have been some significant changes. For one, parking is an absolute nightmare now. I never really thought about why this change occurred, but after reading this passage I have come to the conclusion is that universities as a whole are growing rapidly. Georgia State obviously has had an influx of students and since Georgia State is historically a commuter school, parking availability is critical ital. The same problem can be observed at UGA. Many students at University of Georgia have to live off campus because of the exclusivity of on campus housing. Because there is such a high demand for housing at UGA, they are able to jack of the prices on sub- par living quarters. Another unforeseen consequence of the rising rate of students that this article did not address or even acknowledge is it is giving colleges the ability to raise tuition, and make college more difficult for students to get into. This ultimately will give students who are have higher status or with superb athletic abilities to get into the bigger, more prestigious colleges.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

    10. Piece

      RR1 The first supplementary reading I used was from the Washington Post’s article So you like the University of Chicago’s rejection of the ‘safe spaces for students? Consider this. The article discussed the reasons why students want safe spaces. The main argument was that students want safe spaces because of the increasing violent times and the more diverse student bodies. The counter argument against safe spaces was that there were for “snowflakes” that could not handle the real world.

      The second supplementary reading I used was Are lazy rivers and climbing walls driving up the cost of college? This article was about LSU spending 85 million dollars on student amenities to make it more attractive to potential students. She reveals that the river was paid for by an increase in student fees and that making such additions attract students who are less academically focused.

      Atlsprs17 #vacrr2

  3. www.histarch.illinois.edu www.histarch.illinois.edu
    1. - 257 -

      Overall, I found the article interesting, but a little redundant and difficult to follow. To me, there was not a very clear and logical flow. I also found myself having to reread passages repeatedly in order to understand the points made by the author and it was a mystery trying to figure out what the purpose was throughout the whole passage. With that being said, I also found that the author had some pretty elaborate literary elements that helped make up for the lack of flow. The author was very meticulous in trying to stay on the topic, but he manages to include relevant parts of history to help strengthen the main point that the origin of this particular architectural structure was complex. The author does manage to make his main point concise is that architecture, especially this particular structure has a unique history based upon nature. I explained in reviewing the supplementary reading that nature is important part in shaping architecture and the way a community lives. This same point is reflected when reviewing the history of the dwelling of Cato Howe. The actions of humans moving one culture to another was a reflection of nature and it caused the complex and varying structure seen in the house. Not only is there the nature of humanity, but also the nature of natural disasters. One paragraph, as described by the author showed the remains of a fire that left its everlasting imprint on the structure. Despite the lack of clarity that was present throughout the paper, I still believe that the author was successful in making his main point and forcing the audience to ponder the power of nature as I have.

    2. The supporting text, After Flooding, Some Louisiana Students Face Uncertain School Year by Emily Sharpiro, Catherine Thorbecke and Liz Stark is about the struggles that students faced after a major flood in Louisiana .Governor John Bel Edwards described the flood as “historic” because it left 13 people dead and over 60,000 homes were affected by the flood. The students were unable to return to class because of loss of transportation, school damage and relocation. Many of the students will have to change school completely because their homes were destroyed and they no longer live in the school district. The transportation issues were caused by parents losing their vehicles and there not being enough buses to handle the needs of the students. Students lost their sense of normalcy because of a natural disaster and the community had a change in shape.

    3. If archaeology is a vital contributor to our understanding of all of America's common folk, and what their life meant to them, it is doubly so in the case of our understanding of the black experience in America. Prior to the various emancipation actions, beginning in Massachusetts in 1783 and continuing into the nineteenth century, blacks - 187 - were chattels, property to be disposed of in any way their owners saw fit. People who held such a status could hardly be expected to have recorded a history of their own in any conventional wa

      Cato Howe was different than the other soldiers because he was black, however, he still was given respect and honor for his time of service like many other servicemen. The main point of this paragraph is to introduce and set the tone for the rest of the reading excerpt. Upon reading the rest of the passage, o realize that the pain point is the struggle that archeologist face when trying to piece together the history of a specific place. The author address one of the main challenge in this particular project – race. This particular spot that is focused on was owned and dwelled by several African American families which created a challenge. Since, at this time, African American people were considered property, their artifacts were essentially nonexistent. The author stresses the importance and practicality of oral tradition with the combination of artifacts and written records in order to form a complete view of a place’s history

    4. The ninety-four acres of land on which these four men lived were provisionally granted to Cato Howe in 1792, although there is no record of an outright grant of title to him. The four men cleared the property, built houses, and resided there with the town's permission until 1824. By that time, both Howe and Turner had died. The town authorized the sale of the property in that year, referring to it as land "recently held by Cato Howe, deceased" and "formerly occupied by Prince, man of color."

      I found this paragraph particularly enthralling because it draws the reader’s attention to the fact that the land was “granted but not own”. During this time, African Americans were not treated as equals. African Americans were not allowed to own land, even if they were patriots. I found it cleaver that the author subtly brings the reader’s attention to this aspect of the history without letting it drown out his main point. He stays true to his initial message - the history of this particular area, instead of letting this become an essay about the inequalities faced in early American history. However, by bringing up the point subtly, he draws the reader back to reality of the situation without losing his direction of topic.

    5. The information summarized above is all we know. For this reason, the archaeological dimension of the study of the community assumes a much greater significance. In some respects, such investigations take on some of the aspects of prehistoric archaeology, since so little is forthcoming from the historical record. After two seasons of excavation, a whole new set of facts about Parting Ways had been obtained, facts that in many ways place a somewhat different perspective on the simple lives of Cato Howe, Plato Turner, Prince Goodwin, and Quamany.

      The first sentence of this portion the paper tries to bring all the elements of the first few pages together. If the author’s point could be summarized so nicely, why would he include it? After reflecting on this question, I can only assume that the author did it to build suspense and wonder into his rather academic writing. Every author needs an audience, so if he spent all this time on his research for there not to be an audience, it would have been a waste of time. He builds suspense by making the audience question his motives as well as evoking the same emotions he had when he was doing the research himself. The author obviously had a sense of passion and wonderment for this subject, and I believe that all the writing up to this point was to cause the reader to have that same frame of mind.

    6. n all probability, the cellar hole was of that house, but it was not until two informants came forth with new information that such an association could be proved. In the August heat of 1975, an elderly couple visited the site while digging was in progress. The man was ninety-one years old and remembered walking past the house as a child; this was in the last years of the nineteenth century. When the Globe article was written, Burr lived at the site with his widowed cousin Rachael and her three sons. The informant remembered a lady living there known as Rachael Johnson, her proper married - 195 - name. This piece of oral history established the cellar as that of James Burr.

      I found this particular part to be quite interesting. Based on a chance meeting, the excavators were able to fill in a major piece of the puzzle that was missing! An elderly couple ended up being a primary source because the gentleman was able to recall those who lived there giving the historians a vital piece of history. This paragraph, whether or not intentional, stresses the importance of primary sources, oral tradition in conjunction with secondary sources and records. All were needed in order to determine for certain whether or not the house belonged to James Burr at one period of time.

    7. Broken on the cellar floor were two large earthenware jars unlike any before encountered on a New England historical site. Eighteen inches tall, of red, unglazed, well-fired clay, their shape and physical characteristics immediately set them apart from the entire Anglo-American ceramic tradition. These jars were made in the West Indies, and served as sugar containers for shipment to various colonial ports.

      I found this to be a unique feature. Through research, they found that the pottery, based on its design, originated from Africa. The fact of the matter is, humans are a part of nature, thus they are capable of changing the environment around them, just like the natural disasters did in the supplementary reading. In Louisiana, the flooding caused the nature of the school to be change and shaped the lives of many different people. This reflects the idea that this part of the country was shaped by humanity. Humans brought over the African people, along with this piece of pottery. If the would not have slaves brought the pottery from Africa to the West Indies and then to the colony, then, the pottery would have stayed in its original location. Thus, this one piece of pottery ties together an important part of history and allows archeologist to assume that the people whom mainly inhabited this area were primarily from Africa and the West Indies. Also, the pots were buried in dirt. In a strange way, it seems that nature preserved the pots by protecting them with the soft earth instead of letting the elements decay them so that we could better understand the intertwining of cultures.

    8. In the West Indies, blacks speak hybrid languages known as - 200 - Creole languages. Haitian Creole incorporates a French vocabulary, while Dominican Creole employs a modified English vocabulary

      The author mentions the hybrid languages to help the reader better understand the importance of the architectural find. The hybrid languages, just like the house, are preservation as well as the creation of a new, blended culture. When the African Americans were brought the Americas, they preserved their own way of life and language and incorporated it into culture that still lives today. The building reflects the influence of their African and West Indies ancestors just as the languages do. It gives the reader a greater appreciation for the “handprints” that were left behind by those before them.

    9. the Turner-Burr house shows rooms with dimensions close to those of both shotgun houses and earlier slave houses in South Carolina.

      This excerpt from chapter 8 ‘s main point is to connect the ways of the slaves to the preservation and structure found in the Burr house. I like how the author makes the point about the slave houses resembling that of those found in Africa. This makes sense because the slaves, which came from Africa, probably had to build their own slave houses. I doubt that the “owners” would have cared much about the dwellings of the slaves and that is why they have their unique structure. The Africans that came over were unintentionally allowed to leave their mark just by building a house for themselves. Since the land owners did not build the houses themselves, they were not able to imprint their own fingerprint onto the structure; thus, leaving it with a mark of African culture.

    10. . Yet America was not a melting pot in the eighteenth century, and it is not one today

      The author chooses to end his article with an excerpt from Chapter 9 from Parting Ways. The author wants to summarize his findings without being too lengthy. I do not agree that his point was successful because he states that the United States wasn’t a melting pot in the 18th century, nor is it now. By saying this he discredits all the research that he did connecting the Turner- Burr house to Africans and West Indians. The structure was different than those cookie cutter houses of the Anglo-Saxons, which is what made it so captivating. By this one simple statement, in my opinion, he takes all away from it. The fact that the structure was different proves that America was a melting pot, because if it wasn’t, then the Turner- Burr house and the New Guinea settlements throughout Plymouth would not be what they are. The imprints of other cultures create the melting pot that is America and can be viewed in these structures and well as thousands of others spread throughout the country. I think that this melting pot theory is what the Built Environment project is trying to get us to see; that our towns, cities, and individual buildings are all the products of differing people from various cultures and ideas “melted” together just like the Thomas-Burr house.

  4. Jan 2017
    1. Atlsprs #vacrr Supplemental Reading Summary:

      Louisiana Students Face uncertain school year

    2. In Small Things Forgotten:

      First annotation.