Call-outs are often louder and more vicious on the internet

For most of human history,

any given product is a point of entry into the franchise as a whole.

all uses of technology that are very much aligned with the peer-to-peer learning typical of communities of practice

experiencing/continuously creating their shared identity through engaging in and contributing to the practices of their communities.

primarily a structural problem caused by poorly designed and poorly advertized rules

Most prominent were allegations of censorship that dogged the forum

Greeter: making people feel welcome•Conversation Stimulator: posing new questions and topics, playing devil’s advocate in existing conversations•Conflict Resolver: mediating conflicts towards collective agree-ments (or agreeing to disagree)•Summarizer of debates •Problem Solver: directing questions to relevant people for response •Supporter: bringing in external information to enrich debates, sup-port arguments•Welcomer: bringing in new participants, either citizens or politi-cians/civil servants•‘Cybrarian’: providing expert knowledge on particular topics •Open Censor: deleting messages deemed inappropriate, normally against predefined rules and criteria. Feedback is given to explain why, and an opportunity to rewrite is provided•Covert Censor: deleting messages deemed inappropriate, but with-out explaining why•Cleaner: removing or closing dead threads, hiving off subdiscus-sions into separate threads

A value judgment (or value judgement) is a judgment of the rightness or wrongness of something or someone, or of the usefulness of something or someone

They were later released without charge.

piss the public off