he first category, “remember,” refers to the recognition and recall of information, like reciting facts about the legislative branch. The second category, “understand,” relates to the learners’ ability to interpret, summarize, and explain information. For instance, a civics student might explain how a bill becomes a law. The third category, “apply,” involves the use or modeling of information, like demonstrating the process of passing a present-day bill.The fourth category, “analyze,” refers to breaking down, differentiating, and classifying information. For example, learners could compare and contrast different types of legislation. The fifth category, “evaluate,” involves critiquing, assessing, defending, and comparing information, like arguing for or against a particular piece of legislation. Lastly, the sixth category, “creating” refers to designing, inventing, or creating new knowledge. For instance, students could write and present their own bill.

we learn by observing others’ actions and by interacting with others who offer more knowledge or diverse perspectives and ideas. Then, we internalize these social experiences to reflect upon, develop, or modify our own knowledge.

theory helps us make more informed decisions around the design, development and delivery of learning

select tools that are designed to benefit you and your students, rather than take advantage of, or benefit from, you and your students

We recommend trying every digital tool and app on your own first to experience it the way a student would. T

Take a moment to reflect on your teaching...Are you just substituting technology for another tool by having students type a paper rather than writing one by hand, giving students a digital handout rather than a printed handout, or asking students to create a presentation slide rather than a poster on paper?

new types of knowledge

But strangely there are no similar legal protections for browsing the internet even though when your computer visits a website, it is essentially a phone call to another computer seeking to obtain the information on that webpage—a very similar idea to the content of a phone call.

There’s a famous phrase about the internet that you’ve probably heard: “When you don’t pay for the product, you are the product.”

his process granted the app “full access to your Google account. That means the developer of Pokemon Go, Niantic, may have access to your emails, Google Drive, calendar, contacts, photos, Chrome browsing history, search history, Maps data... and, well, anything else linked to your Google account”

Do you currently have a GPS, a smartphone or tablet, or apps that track your location? Do you have an artificial intelligence (AI) device, like SIRI, Alexa, or Cortana, that records what you say? Have you ever had your password stolen or your personal information hacked from a site that you joined? Have you ever signed up for a tool or downloaded an app without reading the terms of service or privacy policy? Have you ever signed up for an online course (e.g., Coursera, WGU, Udacity) without realizing they are tracking and sharing your data, including recording your mouse and keystrokes?

the site will prevent you from entering until you check the “I Agree'' button

Even if you as an individual user may be okay with sharing your data for “free” tools, when you assign a tool to students you are asking them to share their data, whether they want to or not.

That means the developer of Pokemon Go, Niantic, may have access to your emails, Google Drive, calendar, contacts, photos, Chrome browsing history, search history, Maps data... and, well, anything else linked to your Google account”

Apps and digital tools targeted to teachers as “free” often come with underlying costs. Many tools used in the classroom, such as Canva, a graphic illustrator tool, or Wakelet, a digital curation app, require you to register for an account to use the tool. When you register for an account, you are usually asked to share personally identifiable information, like your name, email address, age, and/or gender. You will also be asked to review and accept the end-user license agreement or terms of service, which may involve giving away even more data, such as your IP address, device information, browser information, geolocation, and Internet browsing data.

To get started, watch the following video Adam Ruins Everything - The Terrifying Cost of "Free” Websites:

In this chapter, we will explore how educational technology (edtech) tools are constantly collecting, using, and sharing personal information

Watch the "Hungry Fish: Common Accessibility Issues

he students were frustrated and stressed and too much class time was wasted on figuring out the tool rather than using the tool for learning.

For example, if a course uses the convention “Module #”, carry that forward across all content items. As elements are repeated, learners will build familiarity with activity and content types and their associated expectations.

However, many schools and learning organizations are now considering how online learning aligns with their long-term goals

n a review of e-learning readiness models,11 researchers found that a user's technology—that is, internet access, hardware, software, and computer availability—was integral to successful e-learning implementation.

Hypermediality is achieved by providing multiple forms of media (audio, video, and textual communication channels), as well as the ability to organize lessons in a non-sequential wa

In larger courses, creating small groups increases contact among students, fosters cooperative learning, and enhances social presence among learners.4 An e-learning tool should therefore not only be flexible in accommodating various class sizes but also be capable of supporting small-group work.

n the eLearning Toolkit, a university online resource intended to help instructors discover and meaningfully integrate technologies into their teachin

Impairment: In the context of health experience, an impairment is any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function.Disability: In the context of health experience, a disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being. Handicap: In the context of health experience, a handicap is a disadvantage for a given individual, resulting from an impairment or a disability, that limits or prevents the fulfillment of a role that is normal (depending on age, sex, and social and cultural factors) for that individual.” – World Health Organization (WHO), International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps, 1980

Begin by trusting in the value of your knowledge and experience and then share it with the world.