139 Matching Annotations
  1. Mar 2024
    1. I would hope that such a young person would be a curious and enthusiastic learner, open to new and different perspectives, knowledgeable of the arts,

      I believe that every teacher should share a similar sentiment when teaching students. As educators, they should aspire for their students to become curious and enthusiastic learners who actively engage in their classroom and are interested in the information they teach.

    2. et, many US educators do not necessarily view new immigrants in a positive light because they have not been adequately prepared to teach these newcom-ers, having neither the academic preparation nor the resources with which to teach them. One result is that many educators are unaware of the tremendous assets these students bring to their education, including bilingualism and multilingualism, as well as numerous life skills and strengths such as resilience, courage, and gri

      I believe that future educators need to be prepared to educate students from diverse countries and cultures because the United States is one of the most popular destinations for immigrants and international students.

    1. The question we should be grappling with is not how to manage stu-dents with these emotions, but how to help students channel them

      I really appreciate this point because I know many teachers perceive some students as "bad" due to their failure to manage them, but in reality, teachers should focus more on finding methods that suit each individual student and how to assist them.

    2. As Ms. Truth explained, being liked comes from avoiding unpleasant situations, whereas being loved is often painfu

      I agree with this quote because, reflecting on my time in high school and middle school, there were only a few teachers we often talked about and loved, while there were many we didn't like. I believe a teacher needs to good in various areas in order to earn students' loved.

    3. youth

      I agree with this point because teachers must understand that the quality of their teaching matters the most in education. Regardless of the resources available, a good teacher knows how to effectively instruct their students.

    4. There is nothing wrong with setting long-term goals with students, but hope deferred advocates that students take a path that the educator is unwilling to help them find.

      I believe that instilling hope in students during education is akin to the process of applying for college. Teachers must help students understand their long-term aspirations and assess the gap between those aspirations and reality, similar to how applicants choose between dream schools and safe schools.

    5. t is akin to what Martin Luther King Jr. (1963) referred to as “the tranquilizing drug of gradualism” (para. 5): an individualistic up-by-your-bootstraps hyperbole that suggests if urban youth just work hard, pay attention, and play by the rules, then they will go to college and live out the “American dream.”

      I believe that many foreign students' parents want their children to study in America because they believe in the "American dream." They trust that in this country, their children can pursue their interests and have a fair opportunity to succeed.

    6. Barack Obama’s presidential campaign positioned him as the leader who could help restore hope to the nation.

      I believe Barack Obama truly understands what people want when running his campaign. He recognizes that people in the United States are seeking hope to achieve their aspirations, and his commitment to this ideal greatly aids him during the election.

    1. n this era of high-stakes testing and increasedaccountability pressures in schools, efforts to improvestudent academic achievement—particularly amongurban students of color—have often failed to address thesociocultural realities of students’ lives.

      I do believe that schools nowadays should consider how to enable students to apply what they learn in school to the future society. For example, UCI has developed a lot of classes and materials related to artificial intelligence, which could be a major focus in the next decade.

    2. YPAR challenges the traditional roles of youthas passive recipients of education and consumers ofknowledge by repositioning them as active learnersand knowledge producers

      I think more schools and countries should learn from YPAR, where they truly hear about students in school and understand what they really want. I think this is a great example of how the United States is trying to provide equal education for every student.

    3. As part of their project,student researchers critically examined how schools“push” students out of school through problematicpedagogical practices and policies and how schoolsmight be constructed to better support students.

      I like the idea of allowing young participants to help in order to develop a better school. Additionally, I think it's important for the school to give surveys to students every time changes have been made to ask students about their feelings regarding the change or what can be done better.

    4. The curriculum inmost schools was Eurocentric, often misrepresenting orcompletely excluding the perspectives of people of colorand others. The development of multicultural educationaccompanied the wave of civil rights legislation emergingfrom the civil rights movement,

      Adding onto this paragraph, I believe multicultural education will limit the possibility of school discrimination. When students have a better understanding of other cultures, they will be more comfortable sharing with each other instead of attempting to harm them.

    1. I think that the students’ voice is not always heard entirely, even through dialogue. I feel that by doing this journal we can make a difference with our personal experience and touch the heart of someone who is willing to stand by us. I also wanted to get the attention of other students who may be feel-ing the same frustration I have felt

      I agree with this paragraph, and that's why it's important for students and schools to find more ways to hear from students. Their responses are the most valuable way to improve the school and teaching.

    2. NCLB also focuses on highly qualified teachers and how to prepare, train, recruit, and support them. But the media and legal dis-course concerning NCLB does little to further the public’s understanding of how teacher quality affects students

      I believe under the NCLB act, the way they determine a quality teacher is based on whether that teacher can help students remember the important information that will appear in the standardized test, and whether the 'high-quality teacher' achieves a high pass rate on the test.

    3. including the critical issue of teacher quality

      Adding on the previous response, I am also very interested in learning about the accuracy and the standard evaluation for a quality teacher. Sometimes, students may prefer a teacher who provides a comfortable environment with less stressful work, but on the other hand, those teachers may not impart as much information as other strict teachers would.

    4. What are high school students’ perspectives on the 2001 No Child Left Behind Act’s (NCLB) definition of a highly qualified teacher?”

      I am really interested in learning how United States students feel about the No Child Left Behind Act and standardized tests. In China, high school students focus on standardized tests to gain admission to a better university before completing high school. Some people believe that the test will determine the rest of their life, and I wonder how American high school students feel about standardized tests.

    1. fight against poverty in education requires dis-trict-and school-level leaders who are committed to several fundamental principles in serving children who are living in poverty and their families.

      I agree with this quote that combating poverty and providing every student equal opportunities requires not only schools but everyone working together to create a safe and comfortable environment for students to study without stress.

    2. N1any of them want and expect teachers to be excellent in their individual classrooms without thinking seriously about what is essential from them, as leaders, to promote, ensure, and sustain teacher effectiveness

      I think school needs to provide more support to the teacher just like how they support their students, because teacher needs to be improving too at school and they can't do everything on their own.

    1. One middle school teacher in a New York public school described "good faith" assignments that enable students to be the expert by having them write narratives about themselves

      I think many school teachers have already used this strategy in their classes on the first day of school. Personally, I like this sharing assignment because it shows that the teacher really cares about you and wants to learn more about you.

    2. home or community environment into that roo~ creates a space in which everyone can contribute.

      I think this is the reason why teachers should consider how to create a classroom environment that makes students feel at home and comfortable sharing their own experiences with each other.

    3. Students must have the opportunity to infuse their personal expe-riences into assignments and discussions, and have the confidence and resil-ience to accept thoughtful critique and embrace the experiences of others.

      I agree with this quote. Additionally, if school can make students feel comfortable sharing their own experiences, they have already successfully engaged these students in school.

    4. f I don't like school now, why would I go to more school? If school is boring and I don't see myself reflected in what I'm learning and its relevance to my life, then why_ go for more?

      I agree with this quote because school is a place for students to learn. If the content and information in school are boring for students, teachers and the school should think about why these students fail to engage and what they can do to help them.

    5. The idea that students of color from disadvantaged backgrounds cannot compete at the same level is erroneous. Although individual experiences and home environments influence student achievement, research shows that school environments play an increasingly vital role in preparedness for college and career attainment.

      According to my previous experience of applying to college, it seems that most universities have their standards for choosing students of color. In other words, their expectations of high school performance may be lower for students of color. That's why some universities have a higher acceptance rate for students of color.

    6. S tudents of color access higher education opportunities at rates far lower than their White and Asian peers, largely because they face restricted access to the resources at the K-12 level that support college preparation and college going

      However, I think college preparation programs have become more accessible to students nowadays because many tutoring companies offer these programs. Every student I know seems to have a college preparation program chosen by their parents.

    1. Teaching Hip-Hop Music and Culture

      Teaching new things, like hip-hop music, reminds me of my English teacher in high school. Unlike other teachers who teach the same subjects every year, my English teacher would find interesting books for students to read annually. I remember one year the book was related to Artificial Intelligence, a significant topic in recent years. I believe such instruction enhances student engagement.

    2. inal assignments for these units usually consisted of some sort of performance or presentation that allowed students to take ownership of the knowledge production process.

      Expanding on this idea, my experience with final presentations has taught me much more compared to taking a final exam. Presentations encourage seeking additional information to present to the class, and there is a motivation to improve with each presentation in comparison to others.

    3. We also developed vocabulary units and units that prepared students for the SAT and ACT exams as well as the Advanced Placement examinations offered each spring. Furthermore, we placed a premium on academic writing, focusing on expository essays and research reports, and on academic speaking

      As a student who has experienced both the SAT and ACT, I feel that these exams have lost their purpose in today's context. Many video tutorials and out-of-school tutors have introduced memorization tricks to achieve high scores. Personally, I don't remember a single thing I learned from these exams.

    1. The student is not some empty vessel and the teacher is just going to fill that empty vessel with information. The teacher is also learning from the student—there is a relationship,

      I believe every teacher should understand that it's not just students learning in class but also the teacher. Through their instruction, they can gauge how students react to the teaching strategy and make adjustments to ensure that every student feels engaged.

    2. Still other students had con-sciously left school because they felt marginalized for being interested in Black culture and politics, feeling unwelcome in Eurocentric-focused class-rooms where “they were continually forced to conform to a system of values which they had no part in forming

      This is new information for me because I have never thought about how people of other races perceive it when we learn about their culture and history. I believe it's the teacher's responsibility to help students understand these contents while also making them realize that people from those races have firsthand experiences with their history.

    3. Ahigh percentage of drop-outs have high intelligence and in many cases high reading abilities,” Carpenter explained, adding that “many have extraordinary leadership capabilities” which are rarely engaged

      I think company owners should provide more opportunities for dropout students because they might be talented and meet all the requirements. Some students drop out of school not because they want to.

    4. “historic crisis” due to conditions including “school drop-outs, delinquency, and general hope-lessness and despair” (Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited, Inc., 1964, p.1, 9).3 Specifically, with regard to education, Clark and his team argued: “The basic story of [K–8] academic achievement in Central Harlem is one of inefficiency, inferiority, and massive deterioration....[T]he further stu-dents progress in school, the larger the proportion of them who are per-forming below grade level” (Harlem Youth Opportunities Unlimited, Inc., 1964, p.166). More recently, historians of education have described how other aspects such as teacher and administrator discrimination contributed to these educational condition

      I think the high dropout rate is another reason why the achievement gap occurs. In today's society, it's difficult for students to find their first job without a high school diploma.

    5. (1) the nonhierarchical student-teacher relationships cultivated by teachers; (2) teachers’ use of culturally relevant pedagogy (in the context of the time period); and (3) the promotion of love for each other and love for self

      I believe that teachers' behavior influences how students perceive education. If a teacher presents content as detached and unrelated to society, students may consider it useless and forget it after the test.

  2. Feb 2024
  3. docdrop.org docdrop.org
    1. Students who speak a language other than English as their native language are either placed in regular classrooms where they will learn to "sink or swim" or in "NE" (non-English) classes, where they are drilled in English all day and where they will remain until they leam English sufficiently well to perform in the regular classroom

      I think my past experience in ELD class really helps me in learning English, because it combine classes with students full of forigners that speaks other langauge and after ELD class is a class that has lot of native speakers, and those transcation allows me to practice my English everyday.

    2. Because their teachers have a chance to meet and plan together daily, they are more readily able to develop integrated curricula. In fact, once in a while, they even combine classes so that they can team-teach and their students remain at a task for an hour and a half rather than the usual three quarters of an hour.

      I feel that providing teachers with enough time for preparation is also important in education because it allows teachers to think about the subject they are going to teach.

    3. The most common understanding of multicultural education is that it con-sists largely of additive content rather than of structural changes in content and process

      Additionally, I believe multicultural education should also focus on analyzing which parts of history are important to teach and ensuring that students are learning about the facts.

    4. On the contrary, it can be thought of as a range of options across a wide spectrum that includes such diverse strategies as bilingual/bicultural programs, ethnic studies courses,

      I think it's important to analyze the different levels of multicultural education, especially the different strategies being deployed behind it, because a great strategy allows students to learn more effectively.

    1. Lao students like Vannaphone and Suthisa, the cafeteria was an espe-cially uncomfortable space. These females students usually sat at a two-person booth flanked on one side by a wall and on the other side by one of the two lunch lines in the cafeteria. Because the table was barely big enough for their

      Before reading this article, I never realized how much information can be explored during lunchtime based on where students of different cultures sit. I think this really shows how school districts are genuinely trying to promote multicultural learning in schools.

    2. the importance of the Club was in offering Asian American students a space to develop leadership skills at the same time that it gave them a place where “everybody [can] feel like they belong.

      I believe clubs are crucial in education, especially in a diverse country. Students often prefer to sit with people from the same race during lunch, and a club provides them with a comfortable space for communication

    3. focus of multicultural education is often on teaching empathy, respect, understanding and tolerance of difference

      I agree with the point that multicultural education aims to teach students about respecting and understanding differences because without learning about others' cultures, some students might discriminate against them.

    4. Multiculturalists agree that the primary goals of multicultural education include transforming educational institutions so that students from different racial, ethnic, gender, and class backgrounds may have the opportu-nity for educational equity and success

      I appreciate the way they mentioned the main goal of multicultural education because it shows that the United States education system's goal has stayed the same since the beginning: to provide a fair educational environment for every citizen to access.

    5. ver the past several decades, programs in Ethnic Studies, Women’s Studies and Gay and Lesbian Studies have been created to make room for the voices, knowledges, and experiences of historically marginalized groups

      I believe it's important for other countries to adopt multicultural education from the United States because it enables their culture to gain a better understanding of different groups and facilitates mutual learning.

  4. docdrop.org docdrop.org
    1. Rather than viewing the world through rose-colored glasses, antiracist multicultural education forces teachers and students to take a long, hard look at everything as it was and is, instead of just how we wish it were.

      I agree that multicultural education should encourage students to learn about the truth in their culture and understand what happened before. If students are learning only from the perspective they wish their country had, multicultural education becomes worthless because they are not truly learning anything.

  5. docdrop.org docdrop.org
    1. but also with White main-stream students. It is also not widely acknowledged that many of the reforms designed to increase the academic achieve

      I think another importance of multicultural education is that it can decrease the possibility of discrimination in school. Students can learn about other cultures and exchange ideas.

    2. A great deal of confusion exists-among both educators and the public-about the meaning of multicultural education. The meaning of multicul-tural education among these groups varies from education about people in other lands to educating African American students about their heri-tage but teaching them little about the Western heritage of the United States

      I truly understand why this confusion exists and can be difficult for students to learn. I remember taking a "world history" class during high school that discussed major events in other countries. However, it was challenging for me to listen to a foreign teacher analyzing what happened in China.

  6. docdrop.org docdrop.org
    1. During the early 1990s, multicultural education evoked a divisive national debate, in part because of the divergent views that citizens hold about what constitutes an American identity and about the roots and nature of American civilization

      I think this is another reason why multicultural education is not evolving as quickly compared to other education policies published in the past. Some Americans find it challenging to adjust to people from another culture attempting to assimilate into American culture.

    2. They contend that these reforms have forced many teachers to focus on narrow literacy and numeracy skills rather than on critical think-ing and the broad goals of schooling in a democratic

      I agree that this problem still exists in other countries' education, as well as in the United States' education. In my opinion, the SAT test has a narrow focus, mainly aimed at students' reading analysis and math skills improvement. However, in reality, students and teachers are discovering "little tricks" to boost test scores, as it can enhance college applications. Teachers tend to teach students specific words to look for in a paragraph to answer questions correctly rather than helping them analyze the paragraph.

    3. when they deny their cultures in an attempt to become fully assimilated into American mainstream society and culture. Although they usually succeed in looking and acting like Anglo Americans, they are likely to experience psychological stress and identity conflict when they deny and reject their family and their ethnic languages, symbols, behaviors, and beliefs (Brodkin, 1998). Ethnicity plays a major role in the socialization of many members of ethnic groups;

      I think the reasons why they feel stressed about becoming fully assimilated into American society and culture is that they often get confused between their own culture and American culture, and sometimes it is difficult to change. I believe for students who were born in another country but have been living in the United States since elementary school, it will be much easier for them to become fully assimilated into American culture.

    4. Individuals who know the world only from their own cultural perspectives are denied important parts of the human experience and are culturally and ethnically encapsulated.

      I agree with all the comments about the importance of listening to what other people say about your culture because you can gain perspective from people coming from a different culture and might also understand their culture.

    5. It also assumes that diversity enriches a nation and increases the ways in which its citizens can perceive and solve personal and public problems.

      I agree with the idea that diversity education can help students solve more public problems. Additionally, I think the reason why diversity education is important is that we live in such a diverse country, and we will meet people from different countries; we need to understand how to communicate with them.

    1. I would say that perception comes out as this huge shocking thing

      I think another reason why 'coming out' is a problem for some LGBTQ students is because they believe they are the only ones who are different and are afraid that everything in their world will change after 'coming out.'

    1. Schools, like the rest of the social world, are structured by heterosexism-the assumption that everyone is and should be heterosexual

      I think that's why it's important for teachers to help students understand that the world should not be limited to heterosexuality. Everybody has the freedom to choose what they like, and teachers should convey this understanding to students.

    2. Experiences of harassment, assault, or simply not seeing any representa-tion of LGBTQ lives in the curricula all contribute to negative school-based experiences.

      I believe school districts and local governments need to be more efficient in designing rules and regulations that protect LGBTQ students. These new rules can be widely spread to other countries and help protect LGBTQ students globally.

    1. Sex education contin-ues to be a relatively conservative part of schools, leading with abstinencc-until-marriage messages that not only exclude most LGBTQ students, but also leave girls at disproportionate risk for unwanted pregnancy

      I like that this point is being mentioned. I remember in high school there was a requirement for every student to take a health class to graduate, but I noticed a lack of attention to LGBTQ students. However, I still believe it's important to provide LGBTQ students with the health information they need to know.

    2. nd career advancement, older ideas about male-female relationships have changed; for instance, the necessity for feminine submissiveness to male power has waned significantly.

      I believe this is heading in the right direction, and people should stop thinking about tasks specifically designed for men or women because we are all equal.

    3. Schools may fall back on insisting on normatively gendered behavior and in the process reinforce gender divisions and restrictions.

      I believe schools should bear a significant responsibility for protecting LGBTQ students, as they constitute a minority within the school community. There should be new rules and regulations designed to support them, similar to how the United States school system used to assist foreign students.

    4. Transgender students themselves also may feel pres-sured to conform to the gender binary, hiding their birth gender or deciJing to be as gender normative in their chosen gender as possible so as not to raise any suspicions

      I believe the reason they feel pressured is because they are afraid people will view them differently if they conform to gender norms. In reality, I have a transgender friend, and we treat them the same way we interact with anyone else.

    1. And as his years in school fall away, T.J. is being left behind.

      I believe T.J.'s situation also underscores another issue in the education gap, which is the lack of attention from teachers to students. I remember when I was in China, our teacher would, every day before the school day ended, assign homework that included a review of the day's content. They made sure we fully understood the day's learning before allowing us to leave.

    1. This research indicated that students were less likely to drop out of high school and more likely to plan on going to college when assigned to a Black teacher at least once in the third, fourth, or fifth grades. In addition, the researchers mentioned that the dropout effect was greatest among Black boys who experienced persistent poverty during their years in primary school. They also pointed out that future research is needed to better understand how much of an impact Black teacherswith higher expectations may make. Their findings support implementing a policy that encourages assigning Black male students to Black teachers to close achievement gaps

      This paragraph reminds me of a history teacher I met during my first year in the United States. He speaks fluent Chinese and is my history teacher. I believe that knowing my teacher comes from the same country as me really encouraged me to perform well in his class.

    2. Although teachers of the same race as their students are more likely to be aware of the cultural characteristics of their pupils, there is a lack of teachers of color in public schools

      This is the first time I've observed that schools may hire teachers of the same race as the majority of their students to enhance the students' comfort in learning. I believe it's crucial to acknowledge this and, if we encounter students from different races, to understand and learn from their culture as well.

    3. Living in poverty is associated with conditions that make academic success difficult. For example, low-income children suffer from vision impairment at twice the normal rate.

      I believe poverty is a challenge that schools find difficult to address or modify because they have limited funds that can be allocated to support low-income students while maintaining normal school operations. However, students who continue to struggle with the effects of poverty may lack the motivation to focus in class, and there may be limited things a teacher can do to assist them.

    4. Although placement in special education is designed to help students, it can reduce their employment options and opportunities for higher educatio

      I believe the cause of this problem is the limited resources allocated to each school. It is challenging for them to establish a diverse and highly effective classroom tailored to the individual needs of every special needs student while maintaining the overall operation of the school. The insufficient resources and funding cause these difficulties.

    5. academic outcomes are worse, expectations for success are lower

      Additionally, I believe society has acknowledged that students from low-income families tend to encounter more challenges on the path to success compared to children from wealthier families. We often heard news stories highlighting how a low-income student has turned their life around through study. However, we rarely hear about a wealthy student achieving their dream school through hard work, as society may assume their success is attributed to their wealthy background.

    6. Low-income students are more often identified in subjective disability categories, such as emotional disability and intellectual disability, and more frequently placed in separate classrooms.

      I understand that low-income students might experience emotional challenges, as they may feel a gap between themselves and wealthier students in school. This disparity could also lead to a lack of confidence in school.

    7. To reduce this problem, teachers can be trained to be culturally responsive and the public-school system can be improved so that students from low-income households receive better services

      I agree that current teachers need more training in today's educational . Without such training, they may experience increased stress, and still might decrease their perform in school and achievement gap will occur between different school district.

    1. When teachers ask students to read aloud one after the other down the row, one paragraph after another, nominal students count ahead and practice their upcoming paragraph silently

      I remember that engaging in this activity gave me a similar sense of nervousness as standing in front of the class and presenting a PowerPoint. I was so nervous that my voice would shake, and my hands were sweating.

    2. he teacher in the social studies class about presidents was completely unaware that she gave male students more attention

      I believe some teachers may not even realize that they give more attention to boys than girls. These teachers might perceive the boys as more engaged and attentive in class without considering why girls may not participate as much. Therefore, it is essential for teachers to receive education on this matter, enabling them to encourage more female students to actively participate in discussions.

    3. She sits quietly, stares out the window, plays with the hair of the girl in front of her. Her face is no longer animated. She crosses her arms on the desk and rests her head on them, which is how she spends the final twelve minutes of class time. Her eyes are open, but it is impossible to tell if she is listening. The period ends. The girl has not said a word.

      I have had a similar experience to hers, and I believe many students share a similar feeling at some point during their academic careers. In my case, I was excited to raise my hand in a class even though I rarely spoke because the content was difficult. However, a boy shouted out the answer, and the teacher moved on without acknowledging my attempt. I felt disheartened at that moment, and afterward, I lost my focus until the end of the class.

    4. If a teacher asks a question, a girl pa uses to think, Do I know this? Meanwhile, a boy blurts out an answer, and the class moves on

      I believe more teachers should have an understanding of how girls and boys may think differently in the classroom. This way, in the future, they can better support female students and encourage them to speak confidently in the classroom.

    5. At other times they pause or stop to think before raising their arms straight and high.

      I have experienced the same feeling while sitting in a classroom. I feel less stressed when there are fewer than 10 or 20 students in the class. However, if there are more than that, I try to hide myself and hope the teacher doesn't ask me to answer.

    6. Very active and animated students challenge the rule and simply shout out the answer

      I believe that if I were the teacher, such an environment could exist in my classroom. I aim for every student to feel comfortable when speaking in class, without the stress of deciding whether to raise their hand or worrying about any rules regarding class discussions.

    7. Rebecca. But you forgot the rule. You're supposed to raise your hand

      I have experienced a similar situation under both the Chinese education system and the United States education system. Now, I realize it could be a problem that people may not even be aware of.

    8. Maybe you were new to the country and to the language, embar-rassed to show that you did not always understand what was being said, or how best to formulate your sentences.

      I think it's important for new immigrants to make friends in a class that you doesn't seems to fully understand the content, because you can communicate with each other and seek for help.

    1. he school’s emphasis on “distraction free” dress codes assumes that if girls’ tops are low and shorts high, young men are unable to control their sexual desires, placing blame on female bodies for arousing excitement and interfering with schooling

      In my opinion, dress codes can be annoying when there is a rule that is not clear and sometimes misleads students. In China, my middle school provided uniforms for each student to wear every day, which was a clear rule for everyone to understand. However, a dress code can be confusing because you need to think about whether the outfit you wear today goes against the rule or not.

    2. “like a prison”. Wrought iron gates enclose it, several security guards patrol it, and occasionally drug-sniffi ng dogs scour it. Such security and punishment are part of what has been called a discipline regime in public schools

      I think students feel like high school is a 'prison' because, during high school, you suddenly realize you have a lot of freedom to do anything you want, unlike in middle school where your parents control most of your actions. However, high school still has a lot of rules and regulations that prevent you from doing certain things, making students feel like it's a 'prison.'

    1. The obsession with being thin takes many forms: girls who skip breakfast or lunch or dinner, or all three;

      Adding to this paragraph, I knew some girls in high school who would purposely buy salads during lunch not because they liked them, but because they believed salads would make them thin and 'beautiful' one day.

    2. "When you look good, people are envious and give you respect." "Social status is based a lot on looks." "Nothing hurts more than being criticized about your style or hair, weight and height."

      I think that's why many high school students care so much about how they look every day, as they want to be popular in school.

    3. rugs, alienation, and violence represent ongoing threats. It is a teenage society unknown to many parents (and teachers).

      I think another reason they drink or do drugs is because they believe those actions are 'cool' or different from other students. I remember there was a student in my high school who would drink a lot of alcohol every day and show off to his friends about how much he drank the night before without their parents noticing.

    4. It appears that the courses in school aren't really the hardest part about it. And the material taught in classes is probably the least of what is learned within these walls. But what kids learn, is it helping them or pulling them apart? School is more of a war zone-a place to survive.

      I think the reason why high school students care more about how other students think of them than their academic performance is because high school is the first time when you have some freedom from your parents' control, and you will think about how others look at you as something important.

    5. The classes are okay, I guess. Most of the time I find them pretty bor-ing, but then I suppose that's the way school classes are supposed to be. What I like most about the place is the chance to be with my friends. It's nice to be a part of a group. I don't mean one of the clubs or groups the school runs. But an informal group of your own friends is great.

      I think, for most high school students, being able to hang out with friends is the thing that gives them the energy to wake up early every morning. I remember there were a few times when I went to school and some of my friends were absent for some reason, and I felt more stressed staying in school by myself without them.

    6. When high schoolers were asked to identify the best thing about their school, they usually said, "My friends." Sports activities ranked sec-ond. "Nothing" ranked higher than "classes I'm taking" and "teachers."

      Similar to me, I would rank "classes" and "teachers" at the bottom of the list. Not because I have experienced inequality or been taught by a bad teacher, but due to the highly competitive environment in high school that makes me feel tired every time I walk into a class.

    1. Some girls recently immigrated to the uS, retaining a strong memory of their places of origin, while others were born and raised in the uS, having never visited their parents’ countries of origin.

      I think that is the reason why a lot of students couldn't understand their parents' home country culture because they have never experienced it. I also think parents shouldn't force their kids to follow those traditions or paths because they can choose on their own.

    2. Asian American girls and young women ages 15–24 have the highest suicide mortality rates across any racial or ethnic group (national Center for Health Statistics, 2003) and the highest rates of depression of any racial, ethnic, or gender group in the uS

      This data really surprised me. I never knew how much family could impact a student. Before reading this article, I thought that not only Asian American girls, but all other cultures and families, would have expectations for their kids. However, I think Asian American parents can be too aggressive and, eventually, cause those tragedies.

    1. She also assures Yamaira that she will not be evalu-ated on her knowledge of English, but on her knowl-edge of history.

      I agree with this idea because the main goal of teaching students with language barriers is to ensure they can understand the content in the future when attending other classes, and evaluating students based on their knowledge in different subjects is important.

    2. During class, Ms. López makes sure that Yamaira’s discussion group dealing with the English material includes other Spanish-speaking students. She encourages Yamaira not only to ask her class-mates in Spanish any questions she might have about the text but also to share what she has learned from the primary documents or other readings in Spanish she has done at home. When this occurs, Yamaira’s Spanish-speaking classmates translate for others in the group

      This part reminds me of my ELD teacher. I would often use Chinese to ask other students during class if I had any questions that I didn't understand. However, my teacher would suggest that I use English to communicate so that my speaking skills would improve at the same time.

    3. The teachers choose chapter books that have an English and a Spanish version

      I have a different opinion on this strategy. I believe that if you provide students with a version translated into their native language, they may only focus on the parts they can understand. In this case, they might solely look at the Spanish version and lose focus on learning new English.

    4. Arturo is placed in the group with the lowest reading level. The stories they read are not complex, and the work in the group is mostly about vocabu-lary buildup. Ms. Stewart blames Arturo’s slow prog-ress on his Spanish.

      I had a similar experience during the first year after moving from China to the U.S. I was placed into an ELD class due to the lack of my English skills. However, I do think that the class is very helpful for new immigrants because you get to know a lot of friends, and the teacher knows how to help you.

    5. Although the text they are reading at the moment may be in English or in Spanish, bilin-gual readers always assemble all their available meaning-making resources.

      Adding to this idea, another reason that makes reading more difficult for us as bilingual individuals is that every time we read, we tend to translate the content in our heads to our native language and try to understand it from that perspective. However, sometimes it just doesn't make sense.

    1. Benny’s family was Puerto Rican and Miguel’s had emigrated from El Salvador and both started the year of the study as 6-year-olds

      I believe that for 6-year-old students, it's easier to get used to new places because they have friends and teachers in school to help them. On the other hand, it's more challenging for parents to adjust to new environments.

    1. They also faced restrictions from federal and state fi nancial aid. 2 As a result, tens of thousands of undocumented young people leave school each year with uncertain and untenable futures.

      I agree that the tuition for education in the U.S. is getting higher and higher, and that is one of the main reasons why many immigrant students cannot afford a higher level of education.

    2. hereas most stu-dents face some diffi culty transitioning to college, undocumented young people face multiple barriers

      I believe one common difficulty that students face when they first enter college is the lack of support from teachers. During high school, every teacher seemed to care about your grades and performance, but suddenly in college, nobody is there to help you.

    3. For many Americans education is viewed as the key to the American dream.

      I also agree with this point because in school, every student has an equal opportunity to achieve a higher level of education. Often, students with higher education can be successful in the future, or they can achieve financial freedom.

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    1. It is not only in the classroom but also in the schoolyard, on field trips, and on the bus ride to and from home that they will struggle to learn the English language that is so necessary for their success in the United States

      I agree that going on a field trip with school allows you to improve your English skills because other students won't care about your English proficiency as long as you want to communicate with them.

    2. Schooling is particularly important for immigrant youth. For them, it is the first sustained, meaningful, and enduring participation in an institu-tion of the new society. Today, more immigrant children spend more time in schools than ever before in the history of the United States.

      I believe that having the opportunity to attend a public school in the United States has helped me become more comfortable learning in a new country. In school, you have friends from the same country who can support you, and teachers are there to help you at the same time.

    3. Do boys and girls experience the migration journey differently?

      I believe that, for the most part, boys and girls undergo a similar migration journey because both genders need to learn a lot in their new homes. They must be more diligent compared to others in order to succeed in school.

    4. This gap in our knowledge is troubling because immigrant-origin children are enter-ing the United States in unprecedented numbers, making them the fastest-growing segment of the youth population.

      The first year when I arrived in America is full of confusion, I didn't know where is my classroom and how to find homework on Canvas. I think there should be more program helpping the new immigrant students,

    5. Yet our understanding of the expe-riences of immigrant children and youth remains limited

      As an immigrant child myself, I can relate to the same feelings. Being an immigrant, you and your family don't know what to expect when going to a different country with a different culture.

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    1. In working-class and poor homes, most parents did not focus on developing their children's opinions, judgments, and observa-tions. When children volunteered informa-tion, parents would listen, but typically they did not follow up with questions or com-ments.

      I believe another reason why working-class or poor families may not communicate their opinions to their children is not necessarily because they lack the desire to do so. Instead, it may be due to the fact that some of them do not have the opportunity to attend college or even high school. They may fear that their opinions could be perceived as incorrect in today's society and, as a result, they don't want to to guide their children in potentially misguided thinking.

    2. The working-class and poor black boys were more comfortable with the black male field-workers than with the white female ones

      I think this is similar to the reading that mentioned why students of the same color, race, and culture like to sit together in the cafeteria. Similarly, in this case, people feel more comfortable when working with individuals of the same race and color.

    3. Over three-quarters of the students at Lower Richmond qualified for free lunch; by contrast, Swan did not have a free lunch program

      I believe that offering a free lunch program has significantly reduced the stress of low-income families because parents do not want their kids to feel stressed when deciding what to eat.

    4. working-class and poor parents expressed a de-sire to enroll their children in organized activi-ties

      I think this paragraph has shown why there is a gap in achievement. Although schools have many strategies to minimize the inequality gap by offering different financial support, the inequality in organized activities that students can attend remains the same.

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    1. Teachers need to respond to these sto;ies both as teachers and as human beings,

      I like this quote because many teachers tend to treat students differently based on their performance in school. In this case, I believe some teachers will respond to stories based on what they think is correct, but I think a great teacher should share the same feelings when reading others' stories.

    2. I do a lot of free write exercises in class; it builds writing stamina. Students should connect what they read to their lives through writing; the text-to-self connection is a tenet of literacy. Even the best argument-based paper has an element of narrative in it. There are many opportunities for students to find the power of their voices and their personal stories within an English class, and with pedagogy and curriculum on my side, I encouraged them to write about their lives

      I like the way he uses writing assignments for students to express their voices and for others to listen. I believe assignments like this can not only help diverse students improve their English but also encourage them to express what they want to express during the writing process.

    3. Every student has a story to tell, and often those stories are difficult to hear.

      I really like this quote, especially during our middle school or high school years when we face a much more diverse group of students and experience a lot more stress in education. It's important for someone else to be willing to hear from us and talk to us.

    4. As much as I enjoy teaching, I might enjoy learning from the students even more.

      A great teacher will learn from their students and adapt their teaching strategy based on the diverse students they teach.

    5. I chose to stay at my school for 10 years because teaching there allowed me to engage in social justice work every day. It allowed me to be on the ground, knee-deep in the muck of life and its challenges in low-income communities, and to grow with the students.

      I believe more teachers should learn from this author because the way he deals with difficulties involves not walking away from the students but, instead, trying to find ways to improve together every day

  10. Jan 2024
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    1. Still, all in all, life was great. My parents loved me, and I got along with my younger brother.

      I believe it is crucial for families to stay together during challenging times because it provides emotional support and enables mutual assistance in overcoming those difficult periods.

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    1. I remember in elementary school when Ricky walked passed me in the hallway and hissed, "My mom says you're divorced and you don't have a father and that you're poor, White trash." I didn't know what "the vorce" was, but it sounded bad to me

      Reading this makes me feel bad because individuals and families can overcome poverty, but I believe the psychological damage will remain in their minds forever.

    1. Some theorists argue that poverty—perhaps more than any other vari-able—explains why academic performance disparities exist across groups

      I agree with this quote because a student living in a wealthy family can receive more academic support by going to a tutor. However, a student experiencing poverty might struggle to meet their basic needs and find it challenging to focus on learning in school.

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    1. motional and social challenges

      I like the mention of emotion and social challenges because I understand that experiencing poverty can be the most difficult time in an individual's life. Especially for students, because they will think going to school and paying tuition can add additional stress to the family, making the problems worse.

    2. Relative poverty refers to the economic status of a family whose income is insuffi cient to meet its society’s average standard of living.

      Adding on this, I think another way that people experience poverty is the price of basic needs is signifantly higher compared to their income.

    3. Generational poverty occurs in families where at least two generations have been born into poverty. Families living in this type of poverty are not equipped with the tools to move out of their situations

      It surprised me how poverty is still a problem in America. I think the poverty level would be low if a country is equipped with healthcare for most of its citizens and has financial support programs.

    4. Situational poverty is generally caused by a sudden crisis or loss and is often temporary. Events causing situational poverty include environ-mental disasters, divorce, or severe health problems

      I believe this is the most common way people fall into poverty, especially in a country where there is a lack of health insurance. The high cost of medical care can lead a family to experience poverty in a short period.

    5. In reality, the cost of living varies dra-matically based on geography; for example, people classifi ed as poor in San Francisco might not feel as poor if they lived in Clay County, Kentucky.

      I like this analysis because I often observe people confusing the term 'poverty' with not being able to purchase certain things they desire. In reality, poverty refers to individuals who cannot afford their basic needs like foods.

    1. Media outlets highlighted the racial tensions between the mostly black student attackers and the Asian American victims.

      Adding on this quote I think the racial tensions are different depends on what school they are observing. For example, if you are observing a school that has majority of Asian American students, I believe in that case Black or White students will be the victims of discrimination.

    1. Our interviews indicate that Asian Americans suffer from much discrimination, ranging from subtle to blatant, at the hands of whites.

      This quote reminds me what my mother have told me that discrimination is still a major problem in United State, and school is where you experience the less of it because their are rules in school that students has to follow, but once you enter the society those problem will become bigger.

    2. I often encourage my students to feel when we learn about inequality, because oppression works in a way so that we no longer feel empathy for target groups

      I do agree with this quote, and especially in nowadays where internet travel information so fast, people on the internet doesn't care about what they said, and they will change their target group frequently.

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    1. School~ng involves either adding on a second culture and language or subtracting one's original culture and language

      I agree with this idea, because often times people in my home country will ask me if studying in another country will make us forget about our own culture or language.

    2. First, students' parental education levels are very low, hovering around nine years of schooling completed for third-generation students.

      I think this quote also wants the reader to understand the importance of parental education and how it can impact their childrens achievement in the future.

    3. Because of the school's high failure and dropout rates, the freshman class makes up mo·re than-half of the school population.

      I think school districts should focus more on high drop-out rate school, because this is one way to close the achievement gap between students.

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    1. There is a widespread belief that Asian-American children are the "perfect" students, that they will do well regardless of che academic setting in which they are placed.

      I think the reason why the Asian-American children stereotype exists is because our parents focus alot on our education and we tend to spent more time on study cause we are used to those kind of education in our home country.

    2. I have come to believe that a major portion of the problem may also rest with how these three groups of teachers interact and use language with their stu-dents.

      I have the similar feeling both in high school and college, students will comment about their teacher based on the country they come from.

    3. The clash between school culture and home culture is actual-ized in at least two ways. When a significant difference exists between the students' culture and the school's culture, teach-ers can easily misread students' aptitudes, intent, or abilities as a result of the difference in styles of language use and incer-actional patterns. Secondly, when such cultural differences exist, teachers may utilize styles of instruction and/or disci-pline that are at odds with community norms.

      I think it's important for teacher to find a balance between the multi-culture classroom and let every students feel comfortable.

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    1. Increasingly, online racial discrimination is impacting adolescents of color. According to a Pew Research Center study of teens and technol-ogy, at least 95 percent of American youth have access to the internet, and adolescents of color spend a lot of time using it-four and a half more hours per day on average than their White peers.

      I do agree that online racial discrimination exists and it happens to all the people using internet no matter what race or color you are, and it will happens more often if there is not a punishment for those actions.

    2. legal obligation to provide students with equal access to these resources without regard to race, color, or national origin."

      I think it's important to provide all the students coming from different race, color or nation the same education resource, because it's another way to close the achievement gap.

    3. Identity Development in Adolescence 133 Why do Black youths, in particular, think about themselves in terms of race?

      I think the way they think about themseleves is mainly depends on the current society, because in this fast changing world most people will fet information from the internet and how how internet think about the Black youths will have a strong impact on them.

    4. One thing that happens is puberty. As children enter adolescence , they begin to explore the question of identity, asking "Who am I? Who can I be?" in ways they have not done before. For Black youth, asking "Who am I?" usually includes thinking about "Who am I ethnically and/or racially? What does it mean to be Black?

      I agree with this paragraph, and adding on that I feel like another reason why students like to sitting with their own race people is because it has a feel of belongings when they are sitting together.

    5. hough people rarely comment about that. The question on the tip of everyone's tongue is, "Why are the Black kids sitting together?"

      I think in reality not only the Black kids are sitting together but students that has the same race will sit together. For example, I will choose to sit with Chinese students in high school.

    6. WALK INTO ANY RACIALLY MIXED HIGH SCHOOL CAFETERIA AT LUNCH-tune 3:11d you will instantly notice that in the sea of adolescent faces, there is an identifiable group of Black students sitting together. Con-versely, it could be pointed out that there are many groups of White students sitting together as well,

      I have similar feeling in Irvine and especially during high school. My English writing class have students coming from 7 different country and they all have different native language.

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    1. however, school boards everywhere have decided that extracurricular activities and soft skills are "frills."

      I don't think extracurricular and soft skills are only "frills", I think it depends how much work you are willing to put on it. For example, I play piano growthing up and I still remenber some of the song nowadays even I don't play it that often, however, I see piano as a way to relief my stress. I know friends of me that are making a living by playing piano, and I don't think that is a "frills" for them.

    2. The sisters draw a simple moral: You can't trust anyone, even your best friends.

      In my opinion, I think this quote is true because no matter what envirnoment you have been living in, one day you will realize that even your best friend can betray you. The only person you should trust is yourself.

    3. Troy High offers more than 100 different extracurricular clubs, each with its own advisor and at least ten active members-and that doesn't include athletics.

      I like the point that Troy are still offering lot of extracurricular clubs for students when Troy is being consider super competitive. Lot of school will give up their extracurricular to maintain the high student grade in school.

    4. Everybody is friends and everything, but some-times you can feel it. 1he only bad thing about chat is that it's almost like a double-edged sword that you have to be in the cop 10-12 per-cent. Getting Bs was considered failing

      This paragrpah reminds me when I was in China, after finishing from elementary school my family has a chance to pick the middle school for me and my parents were having different idea about which middle school I should attend. My father think I should be going to the most competitive school to get better education, but my mother think it will be too much stress for me.

    5. "We grew up in a com-munity where it was low-income, lots of drugs,"

      I think this quote reminds readers about the problem of low-income community, problems like drugs can cause can cause the community unsafe and their childrens won't have a safe envirnoment to learn.

    6. Orange County includes 34 incorporated cities, many of them worlds apart. As one local demographer puts it, "You have areas of pov-erty and areas of great affluence and less of a middle." 3 Laguna Beach, for example, is 91 percent non-Hispanic white, with a per capita income of $84,000, whereas Santa Ana, the county seat, just 20 miles away, is 95 percent Hispanic (50 percent foreign-born), with a per capita income of$17,000.

      I think one reason why there is a major difference in income is because some area attracts wealthy family and it has a significantly higher housing price. For example, the housing price in Irvine is higher than Tustin because it has better school district.

    7. "the Ellis Island of the twenty-first century." 1 By 2013, 46 percent of the county's population spoke a language other than English at home.

      In my opinion, the diversity is the reason why many people choose Orange County instead of others, because foreigners still feels comfortable and doesn't feel nervous when communicating with others.

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    1. Another factor that affects school achievement is the quality of family re-lationships.

      I believe having a strong family bond is like providing a secure environment for children to learn and study. Supportive parents make children feel capable of doing well. Parents should also try different strategies to help students and figure out why children might not be meeting their goals.

    2. More income enables families to purchase better housing in better neighborhoods and thereby reduce their children's exposure to neigh-borhood violence and toxins such as lead and airborne pollutants, while increasing access to parks, playgrounds, better schools, and health care. National consumer expenditure data provide a systematic look at spend-ing differences between high-and low-income families.

      I think parents often consider the school district first when buying a new house. In my family's case, we chose to move to Irvine because of the high-rated high school, which had a score of 10/10. Similarly, in China, houses in better school districts have much higher prices than others.

    3. Children are more successful in school when they are able to pay at-tention, when they get along with peers and teachers, and when they are not preoccupied or depressed because of troubles at home.

      I agree strongly with both points in this paragraph. When I first came to America, I didn't have any friends, and the language barrier made me lose interest in learning. Additionally, there was a time when my family faced a significant issue in China. Even though I couldn't do anything about it, it still made me not want to go to school.

    4. With an income of more than $300,000, Alexander's family was able to spend far more money on Alexander's education, lessons, and other enrichment activities than Anthony's parents could devote to their son's needs.

      I think this paragraph is saying that a student's success can depend on their family background. If a student has wealthy parents, they may have the opportunity to take extra lessons or explore their interests. It also suggests that the achievement gap isn't solely due to the government or policies.