This reminds me of a time I had to decide whether to report a friend who cheated on a test. I knew cheating was wrong, but I also didn’t want to betray them. The chapter frames ethics as "investigating" these dilemmas, but it feels messy in real life, like no framework gives a perfect answer. I ended up staying quiet, but I still wonder if that was the right call.

This makes it sound like Confucianism is purely about tradition, but it’s also political. Confucius emphasized meritocracy, rulers should earn power through moral virtue, not birthright. That’s why civil service exams in imperial China were based on Confucian texts. The rituals weren’t just for harmony; they were tools for maintaining social order.

Taoism is also known as philosophy and religion that emphasizes personal spiritual harmony and complements Confucian focus on social duty. Taoists believe that illness is caused by sin and bad deeds.