38 Matching Annotations
  1. Dec 2023
    1. Inventors ignoring the ethical consequences of their creations is nothing new as well, and gets critiqued regularly:

      Many scientific experiments have been accompanied by moral condemnation, but in the relentless pursuit of scientific exploration, countless scientists have continued to push the boundaries in their quest for truth.

    2. In England in the early 1800s, Luddites were upset that textile factories were using machines to replace them, leaving them unemployed, so they sabotaged the machines. The English government sent soldiers to stop them, killing and executing many. (See also Sci-Fi author Ted Chiang on Luddites and AI)

      People are always afraid of things they don't understand. A century ago, people were afraid of steel giants like steam trains, and now, people fear artificial intelligence. They are afraid that these things will lead to job loss.

  2. Nov 2023
    1. Then, much of tech is dependent on exploiting cheap labor, often in dangerous conditions, in other countries (thus extracting the resource of cheap labor, from places with “inferior” governments and economies). This labor might be physical labor, or dealing with dangerous chemicals, or the content moderators who deal with viewing horrific online content.

      In my understanding, a major aspect of the technology industry involves relying on cheap labor from other countries, often under dangerous or unethical conditions. I've come to realize that this often means taking advantage of the less stringent government regulations and poorer economic situations in these areas. The work, as I see it, can be quite varied.

    1. Oppressed group in a country with restricted rights or ability to make their voices heard (e.g., women’s rights and civil rights movements in USA)

      I have observed that the modern feminist movement has encountered some complex issues in its development, sometimes even leading to a deviation from its original principles. I believe this may be due to the over-expansion or radicalization of certain claims within the movement. For example, although the core goal of the feminist movement is to promote gender equality and women's rights, in some instances, it may be pushed to an extreme form, which could impact its original objectives and effectiveness.

    1. What if government regulations said that social media sites weren’t allowed to make money based on personal data / targeted advertising?

      Social media can shift towards a user fee-based model. This could include a free subscription for basic services, along with a premium subscription for advanced features. This model would motivate social media platforms to enhance user experience and service quality in order to attract and retain paying users.

    1. the richest man in the world offers to buy out a social media site for more than it’s worth, then it is the fiduciary duty of the leaders of the social media site to accept that offer.

      In the structure of corporate governance, the primary responsibility of the leadership is to represent and uphold the interests of the shareholders. If an offer is significantly higher than the market value, it is generally viewed as a proposal that is beneficial to shareholders because it provides them with a substantial financial return. In such circumstances, the leaders might feel obliged to at least consider this proposal.

    1. Another way of considering public shaming is as schadenfreude, meaning the enjoyment obtained from the troubles of others.

      This behavior is unethical or unkind because it involves deriving pleasure from the difficulties experienced by others. In social media and online environments, public shaming may be used by some as a source of entertainment or satisfaction, believing that posting negative comments or mocking others in a seemingly safe, anonymous setting is harmless. However, this behavior can have severe negative impacts on the individuals being shamed, including psychological stress, social exclusion, and damage to personal reputation. The attitude of schadenfreude overlooks these consequences, focusing instead on the personal gratification derived from others' misfortune.

    1. This view of shame/guilt is perhaps more individualistic and perhaps more common in individualistic cultures. It might work differently in other cultures (e.g., face)

      Many people feel inferior because of their appearance, but how one looks is innate. Parents should guide their children to establish correct values instead of feeling inferior because of their looks.

    1. Doxing: Publicly posting identifying information about someone (e.g., full name, address, phone number, etc.).

      This is what I find to be the most disgusting behavior. Some people even profit from it. They indiscriminately spread others' real identities online for their own selfish desires, causing trouble for many and harassing others' families.

    1. ne phrase that became popular on Twitter in 2022, especially as Elon Musk was in the process of buying Twitter, was: “It is always morally correct to bully billionaires.” (Note: We could not find the exact origins of this phrase or its variations).

      This is nonsense and purely driven by jealousy towards the wealthy. Thus, people brazenly express such views on the relatively anonymous internet, while in real life, they would wish to be that billionaire themselves.

    1. When tasks are done through large groups of people making relatively small contributions, this is called crowdsourcing. The people making the contributions generally come from a crowd of people that aren’t necessarily tied to the task (e.g., all internet users can edit Wikipedia), but then people from the crowd either get chosen to participate, or volunteer themselves.

      This kind of behavior, where anyone is allowed to edit information, often leads to people receiving information that lacks authenticity.

    1. Anyone can contribute, just go to an unlocked Wikipedia page and press the edit button

      This reminds me of a fascinating incident from before, where a Chinese girl, in order to win a game, wrote a fake century-long history on an online encyclopedia. It was for a game where characters' abilities were determined by historical events, and it took many years before her fabrication was discovered

    1. this can be traumatizing for the moderators

      I remember reading a report that mentioned how content moderators can experience negative impacts on their mental and emotional well-being due to prolonged exposure to their work. Constantly encountering disturbing content can lead to psychological trauma, anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues. Additionally, the nature of this work can make it difficult for them to maintain normal relationships with family and friends because they may be disturbed by the content they encounter in their job.

    1. in late 2022 China took advantage of Elon Musk having fired almost all Twitter content moderators to hide news of protests by flooding Twitter with spam and porn.

      I'm not entirely sure if the Chinese government has engaged in such practices because in China, to use Twitter, one must utilize a VPN to access it from abroad. This means that the number of Chinese people who use Twitter is very limited. I'm also curious about how the Chinese government would inject spam advertisements into a foreign software. This is because both the app store and the system itself are from the United States. Additionally, if there were fewer Twitter bloggers, wouldn't events like protests become more prominent news and attract a larger audience? I don't believe that protesters would be deterred by advertisements.

    1. For example, Facebook has a suicide detection algorithm, where they try to intervene if they think a user is suicidal (Inside Facebook’s suicide algorithm: Here’s how the company uses artificial intelligence to predict your mental state from your posts).

      that's very cool and can save alot of people

    1. hat Instagram was bad for the mental health of teenage girls

      Because many young girls in their teens lack matured mental faculties, they often find themselves admiring and cultivating materialistic habits when they see people on Instagram sharing their extravagant lifestyles. Additionally, a portion of individuals on the internet flaunt their beauty, leading to feelings of inferiority and depression among some girls with more ordinary appearances. In some cases, this pressure may drive them to undergo cosmetic procedures in an attempt to enhance their beauty.

    1. Paid promotion and ads, where someone pays money to have their content replicated Astroturfing: where crowds, often of bots, are paid to replicate social media content (e.g., like, retweet)

      Some individuals spend money on TikTok for traffic redirection, aiming to have the platform display their videos to a wider audience as a form of advertising

    1. Building off of the amplification polarization and negativity, there are concerns (and real examples) of social media (and their recommendation algorithms) radicalizing people into conspiracy theories and into violence.

      This situation can lead to the emergence of information silos, with a highly detrimental impact.

    1. which is an algorithm (a series of steps or rules, such as in a computer program) that recommends posts for users to see, people for users to follow, ads for users to view, or reminders for users.

      THIS WHY I PUT A LOT OF TIME ON TIK TOK

  3. Oct 2023
    1. The following tweet has a video of a soap dispenser that apparently was only designed to work for people with light-colored skin.

      When we design things, our common sense often assumes that certain aspects are inevitable, leading to the fact that what we create is actually most suitable for people like ourselves.

    1. Password reuse attacks, where if they find out your password from one site, they try that password on many other sites

      The actions of technical personnel could potentially lead to financial losses for us.

    1. When we use social media platforms though, we at least partially give up some of our privacy.

      We sacrifice some privacy for the convenience of using the internet, but the leaked privacy often exposes us to a lot of negative information, such as social media platforms using user data to provide advertising, which leads to targeted ads that can be bothersome. Advertisers may use our information for targeted advertising.

    1. So, what does social media do to the mental health of teenage girls, and to all its other users?

      Due to the unique nature of social media, many young people have undergone a shift in their values. To gain popularity, a considerable number of young individuals frequently post explicit, provocative, or intentionally absurd content, which is considered detrimental behavior for this demographic.

    1. One of the main goals of social media sites is to increase the time users are spending on their social media sites. The more time users spend, the more money the site can get from ads, and also the more power and influence those social media sites have over those users. So social media sites use the data they collect to try and figure out what keeps people using their site, and what can they do to convince those users they need to open it again later.

      Most websites primarily rely on retaining user attention to drive traffic and then monetize through advertising space. However, due to the pursuit of profit, many websites have relatively low oversight over the advertising content, leading to the prevalence of explicit, violent, and false promotional materials on their platforms.

    1. Trolling is when an Internet user posts inauthentically (often false, upsetting, or strange) with the goal of causing disruption or provoking an emotional reaction. When the goal is provoking an emotional reaction, it is often for a negative emotion, such as anger or emotional pain. When the goal is disruption, it might be attempting to derail a conversation (e.g., concern trolling), or make a space no longer useful for its original purpose (e.g., joke product reviews), or try to get people to take absurd fake stories seriously.

      Sometimes, it may also be because of a deep sense of inferiority in real life, and individuals seek a sense of presence on the internet.

    1. Anonymity can encourage inauthentic behavior because, with no way of tracing anything back to you1, you can get away with pretending you are someone you are not, or behaving in ways that would get your true self in trouble.

      Posting anonymously encourages people to share untruthful information without reservations because everyone is aware that their true identity remains hidden on the internet. It's a feeling that no matter what they say, there are no consequences.

    1. This statement emphasizes the aversion of humans to deception and the importance of trust in signals. It highlights the emotional impact of initially believing a signal, only to later discover its untrustworthiness. The passage also underscores the unsettling and discomforting effect this has on individuals. It further notes that when people realize they have been deceived, it often triggers feelings of anger. In cases where deception is solely for someone else's amusement, these emotional reactions are intensified.

    1. Before this centralization of media in the 1900s, newspapers and pamphlets were full of rumors and conspiracy theories. And now as the internet and social media have taken off in the early 2000s, we are again in a world full of rumors and conspiracy theories.

      While social media has made it more convenient for us to access information, the control exerted by the upper class still dictates what information they selectively disclose to us.

    1. It has been host to white-supremacist, neo-nazi and other hate content. 8Chan has had trouble finding companies to host its servers and internet registration due to the presence of child sexual abuse material (CSAM), and for being the place where various mass shooters spread their hateful manifestos. 8Chan is also the source and home of the false conspiracy theory QAnon

      This is one of the negative aspects of social media – knowing that it shouldn't exist, but being unable to eradicate this drawback due to the inability to locate the servers.

    1. In most cases, after the initial data representation is created, the computer runs a compression algorithm, which takes the image, sound, or video, and finds a way of storing it in much less computer memory, often losing some of the quality when doing so.

      I once stored many photos on a cloud drive, and at that time, they seemed to be in high definition. However, when I downloaded them again recently, they appeared blurry. Is this due to differences in the resolution of the devices we are using, or has the photo data gradually lost some of its quality over time due to compression?

    2. 在大多数情况下,在创建初始数据表示后,计算机运行压缩算法,该算法获取图像,声音或视频,并找到一种方法将其存储在更少的计算机内存中,这样做通常会丢失一些质量。

      I once stored many photos on a cloud drive, and at that time, they seemed to be in high definition. However, when I downloaded them again recently, they appeared blurry. Is this due to differences in the resolution of the devices we are using, or has the photo data gradually lost some of its quality over time due to compression?

    1. 伦理学:系统地思考是什么使某事在道德上是对还是错,或使用伦理系统来分析不同情况下的道德问题

      How should ethics on the internet be defined, and is this definition set by humans or determined by robots?、

    1. 您认为为什么社交媒体平台允许机器人运行?

      believe the primary reason for using robots is cost savings. Similarly, regulating the ethical aspects of social media discourse is a challenging task. Robots can swiftly censor almost all offensive language in a matter of seconds, as directed by their programmers. While achieving the same function through human intervention might yield better results, the associated time and labor costs would significantly increase. This is unacceptable for most companies, as their executives often prioritize cost-cutting to maximize profits.

    1. 对抗机器人也可以用作一种政治反击形式,这在道德上可能是合理的。例如, Twitter上的“性别薪酬差距机器人”机器人连接到英国公司的性别薪酬差距数据库。然后在国际妇女节,机器人会自动找到这些公司中的任何一家何时发布庆祝国际妇女节的官方推文,并引用该公司的薪酬差距:

      Using robots to automatically generate contradictory information from opposing sources to create conflicts that would not naturally occur is highly unethical behavior. Such actions should be prohibited. Companies and individuals responsible for orchestrating such programs should face penalties, as they are undermining societal harmony for their own benefit.

  4. Sep 2023
    1. 成为并成为一个模范人(例如,仁慈;真诚;尊重和牺牲祖先;尊重父母,长辈和当局,照顾孩子和年轻人;对家人和他人慷慨)。这些特征通常通过仪式和仪式(包括祭祀祖先,音乐和饮茶)来执行和实现,从而形成和谐的社会。

      Confucianism has permeated Chinese society since the Spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period. Its enduring emphasis on "benevolence and morality," "rituals and filial piety," and "loyalty and duty" has been followed by people for thousands of years. The idea of how to be a good person has remained central to the legacy of Confucianism.

    1. 我们还看到这句话用来说在社交媒体上看到的东西不是真实的,而是纵的,比如人们只发布他们的好消息而不是坏消息,或者人们使用照片处理软件来改变他们的样子。

      Social media platforms like Twitter often present only a small portion of people's lives, and they are typically carefully curated and edited to showcase the most positive and attention-grabbing aspects of their lives. This can lead to unrealistic expectations about other people's lives and happiness, and it may also result in dissatisfaction and anxiety about one's own life. Additionally, some individuals may abuse social media platforms to spread false information, provoke disputes, or sow division. This may include disseminating offensive language, engaging in controversial discussions related to gender or race, and spreading rumors. Such behavior can lead to arguments and tense situations, having negative impacts on both society and personal relationships.