- Oct 2024
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www.elgaronline.com www.elgaronline.com
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two complementary arguments: namely that listening to CGD is a governmental obligation and that including CGD is ultimately beneficial for making environmental decisions.
Citizen Data Generation.
This paper studies the strategies citizens (and intereseted institutional actors) have justified the role of lay people i producing data on environmental issues.
According to the paper the strategies have worked as the conclusions are that * taking citizen science serious is a governmental obligation This is achieved by showing the scientific strenght and thus 'contributory' potential for CGD.
I added quotes on contributory, because that is a conclusion that follows evidently from the scientific strenght. It would be interesting to see how much scientific data would hold up if it had to be shown scientific strength.
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showing the scientific strength and contributory potential of CGD
CGD : Citizen Generated Data.
Discussing the Japanese Citizen Science environmental data and citizen science practice that has parity for institutional science.
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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This equality, formalized by Gustav Kirchhoff in 1860, is known as Kirchhoff’s law of thermal radiation and has long guided designs to control the emitted radiation. Removing the constraint of Kirchhoff’s law unlocks a multitude of applications and designs for thermal emitters. Decoupling the absorptivity and emissivity relationship can be leveraged to achieve novel functions, ranging from reducing re-emission losses to the Sun in the context of solar energy harvesting systems to radiative camouflage.
"Thermal emission has generally been thought to obey reciprocity, where the absorbed and emitted radiation from a body are equal for a given wavelength and angular channel."
This hypothesis is wrong. It is a serious problem that this law is maintained within the physics curriculum. Even if one does not care about verification (as seems to be an almost indredible notion but convictions of some well regarded serious physicists, nonetheless) it has also stifled innnovation as has now been shown by developing a solar energy based device that would have been precluded from consideration by this law. This law makes it to the CSwP (Citizen Scientists with Parity) top 10 list of consequential problems maintained simply by the dynamics of truth by consensus and authroity.
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