150 mM NaCl1% Triton-X1% SDSBuffer B50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5)10 mM EDTA1.1 MSorbitol50 mM β-mercaptoethanol (To be added just before use)Buffer C100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5)10 mM EDTA10% SDSAE buffer3 M Sodium acetate(pH 5.3)0.5 M EDTA (pH 8.0)Phenol:Chloroform:Isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) solution25 ml Tris-equilibrated Phenol24 ml Chloroform1 ml Isoamyl alcholDNA sample loading buffer0.25% Bromophenol blue0.25% Xylene cyanol15% FicollDNA sample loading buffer was prepared in water

Buffer A50 mM Tris-HCl(pH 8)10 mM EDTA

Binding Buffer (10X)

EMSA Buffer

Nuclear lysis buffer

Polydeoxy (Inosinate-cytidylate) (Poly dI-dC)

TBST

Dithiothreitol (DTT)ComponentsFinal concentrationFor 5 mlDTT1.0M0.7725gH2Oq.s

(f) Running buffer

2 mM EDTA5 mM DTT1% Triton-XYeast protease inhibitor cocktail and phosphatase inhibitor cocktail (added fresh to the buffer B)

20 mM HEPES pH 6.8100 mM NaCl

30%GlycerolMade in 100 mL.RNA sample loading buffer (10X)50% glycerol10mM EDTA 0.025% Bromophenol blue 0.025% Xylene cyanolInoue transformation buffer, pH 6.7(125 mL, prepared just before use)10 mM PIPES 15 mM CaCl2.2H2O 250 mM KCl 55 mM MnCl2.4H2O (1.361 g is dissolved in 10 mL of water separately)PIPES(0.307 g), CaCl2.2H2O (0.275 g) and KCl (2.325 g)were added to 80 mL ofsterile water while mixing with a magnetic stirrer and the pH was adjusted to 6.8with 1 N KOH. After attaining the appropriate pH, MnCl2solution wasadded slowly in aliquotes of 300 μL over 10 min,while stirring to avoidabrown precipitate.MOPS buffer(10X)0.2 M MOPS, pH 7.220 mM CH3COONa10 mM EDTABuffer was made in DEPC treated waterYeast transformation reagents1 M Lithium acetate 50% Polyethylene glycol2 mg/mLSalmon sperm carrier DNA Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) Zymolyase cocktail buffer for yeast colony PCR 2.5 mg/mLZymolyase (ZymoResearch)1.2 M SorbitolZymolyase buffer was prepared in 1X PBS

Yeast lysis buffer for genomic DNA extraction50 mM Tris-HCl,pH 8.010 mM EDTA 150 mM NaCl 1% Triton-X 1% SDSAE buffer for RNA extraction50 mMSodium acetate,pH 5.31 mMEDTA,pH 8.0Solution was made in DEPC treated water. 0.2%diethyl pyrocarbonate (DEPC)was added to the water and stirred for 12 h. To remove DEPC,water was autoclaved twice. DNA sample loading buffer (6X)15.25 mg Bromophenol blue15.25 mg Xylene cyanol

Phenol solution saturated with 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.3 ± 0.2)was procured from Sigma (P4682)

Buffer C100 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5)10 mM EDTA10% SDSPhenol:Chloroform:Isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1) solution25 ml Tris-equilibrated phenol (pH 8.0)24 ml Chloroform1 ml Isoamyl alcoholDNA sample loading buffer0.25% Bromophenol blue0.25% Xylene cyanol15% FicollStock solution of the loading buffer was prepared in water as a 6 X concentrate and was added to the sample DNA to the final concentration of 1 X.RNA isolation bufferAE buffer3 M sodium acetate0.5 M EDTA (pH 8.0)Reagents used for RNA isolation were prepared in DEPC-treatedwater and stored at 4°C. For preparationof DEPC-treated water,0.1 ml DEPC was added to 100 ml waterand kept overnight onamagnetic stirrer. Followingincubation,the solution was autoclaved to remove any traces of DEPC.Acid phenol solution

Genomic DNA isolation buffersBuffer A50 mM Tris-HCl10 mM EDTA150 mM NaCl1% Triton-X1% SDSBuffer B50 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5)10 mM EDTA1.1 M Sorbitol50 mM β-mercaptoethanol (Added freshbefore use)