On 2014 Jun 20, Christos Chinopoulos commented:

Could it be that LPS-induced succinate over-production is due to itaconate formation? LPS induces Irg1, a gene

coding for cis-aconitate decarboxylase, specifically expressed in cells of macrophage lineage Proc Natl Acad Sci

U S A. 2013 May 7;110(19):7820-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1218599110, yielding itaconate. Itaconate is preferentially

used by succinyl CoA ligase forming itaconyl CoA, thus generating an accumulation of succinate when the ligase

operates towards succinyl CoA formation ADLER J, WANG SF, & Lardy HA (1957) The metabolism of itaconic acid by

liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem, 229, 865-879, and WANG SF, ADLER J, & Lardy HA (1961) The pathway of

itaconate metabolism by liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem, 236, 26-30.

On 2014 Jun 20, Christos Chinopoulos commented:

Could it be that LPS-induced succinate over-production is due to itaconate formation? LPS induces Irg1, a gene

coding for cis-aconitate decarboxylase, specifically expressed in cells of macrophage lineage Proc Natl Acad Sci

U S A. 2013 May 7;110(19):7820-5. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1218599110, yielding itaconate. Itaconate is preferentially

used by succinyl CoA ligase forming itaconyl CoA, thus generating an accumulation of succinate when the ligase

operates towards succinyl CoA formation ADLER J, WANG SF, & Lardy HA (1957) The metabolism of itaconic acid by

liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem, 229, 865-879, and WANG SF, ADLER J, & Lardy HA (1961) The pathway of

itaconate metabolism by liver mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem, 236, 26-30.