9 Matching Annotations
  1. Apr 2023
    1. 1881: Railroads [Statute] Railroad companies required to furnish separate cars for colored passengers who pay first-class rates. Cars to be kept in good repair, and subject to the same rules governing other first-class cars for preventing smoking and obscene language. Penalty: If companies fail to enforce the law required to pay a forfeit of $100, half to be paid to the person suing, the other half to be paid to the state’s school fund.

      Railroads/Transportation was a big thing as I am noticing a lot of laws were becoming effective in this time frame. Although the Jim Crow Laws were to promote segregation, this law at least ensured that colored people are recieving the services at the rate they are paying. They were able to sue companies if they were treated otherwise. The cars of the trains were to be in good condition and could not be different than the cars and services for white people.

    2. 1870: Education [Statute] Schools for white and colored children to be kept separate.

      I feel like the voices of chidldren were limited, marginalized and omitted. I feel this was because they had feelings too! I think not all white kids wanted to be racists towards other children but were influenced by their families. And to have all these laws put into place as a black child, I would be sad that people feel like I am a distraction or that I am so disgustiing that they do not want to sit next to me or play on the same play ground as me. They were children and could not express their true feelings, even caucasion children.

    3. Separate schools required for white and black children

      This is signifigant because we wouldnt see the first african american student attend an all white school until Ruby Bridges nearly 100 years later (1960). Between the years of the Jim Crow Laws in Tennesse, there were a couple other laws that were effective when it came to education. Whites and colored people, high school and elemantary, separate facilities, and eventually even adding penalties of fines and imprisonment.

    4. As of 1954, segregation laws for miscegenation, transportation and public accommodation were still in effect.

      Thesis; As of 1954, segregation laws for miscegenation, transportation and public accommodation were still in effect.

      I say this is the thesis because this senetence tells the point of the entire article; what was outlawed and when these laws would become ineffective. After this sentence, we would see a list of the laws that were put into place during this time.

    5. 1932: Race classification [State Code] Classified “Negro” as any person with any Negro blood.

      I am curious as to what events led to this becoming a law. Why was it so important for the government to write in a law that states black people are to be legally classified as "Negro"? And why couldnt they be classified as "African American"? was this term just not commonly used or was it not used at all until later in the timeline of African American history?

    6. proprietors

      The owner of a business, or a holder of property.

    7. Prohibited marriage or living together as man and wife between racially mixed persons. Penalty: One to five years imprisonment in county jail, or fine.

      I wonder if by this time, both partners were penalized for this crime or if it was still only the black person who would face consequences. When slavery were legal, the black person would be held accountable no matter if they were male or female. And at a a certain time in history, I remember the white man who was whipped for sleeping with a black woman and used to set an example to other white people who would ever think to do the same. I am curious as to which party is held accountable in this time.

    8. The State of Tennessee enacted 20 Jim Crow laws between 1866 and 1955

      Jim Crow Laws were set into place for years 1866-1955 in the state of Tennesee. These Jim Crow Laws were laws that outlawed miscegenation, transportaion and public accomodation of black people and white people. The 1869 Law stated that no person can be excluded from recieving an education from tne University of Tennesee due to race but mandated that black people receive the same education in a separate faciliity. These Jim Crow Laws in Tennesee would last until 1955.

    9. miscegenation

      Sexual relationships or reproduction between people of different ethnic groups, especially when one of them is white.