He believes that recent criticism overstates the ‘limitless-ness’ of interpretation because it cuts the connections between text and actuality

decentred consciousness

possessive exclusivis

n fact, Said’s orientation has always been more materialist than de-construction conventionally allow

estranged

palpable

This natural language gives us reality 'as it is': it does not -like or Symbolism -distort it into subjective shapes, but repre-world to us as God himself might know

he 'healthy' sign, for Barthes, is one which draws attention to arbitrariness -which does not try to palm itself off as 'natural' but in the very moment of conveying a meaning, communicates some-of its own rel

sublimating

eurosi

~ ego, unable as in neuro~s partly to repress the unconscious desire, actually comes under its sway. If this happens, the link between the ego and the external world is ruptured, and the unconscious begins to build-up an alternative, delusi~mal reatii

Wh . ~t> IS that in this period such . ory. at zs perhaps expenences becom · . way as a systematic field of knowled e e constituted m a as psychoanalysis developed b s· g

important distinction between ‘sex’ and ‘gen-der’, where sex is determined biologically but ‘gender’ is a psychologicalconcept which refers to culturallyacquired sexual identity, and she and otherfeminists have attacked social scientists who treat the culturally learned‘female’ characteristics (passivity, etc.) as ‘natural’.

Millett as holding a one-dimensional view of male domination, treating

not sufficiently understand the sub-versive power of the imagination in fiction

collude (unconsciously)in this patriarchal positioning and read ‘as a man’

impetus

ideological indoctrination

A great work of literature does not give us a properly conceptual understandingof reality but neither does it merely express the ideology of a particular class

possess a ‘progressive’outlook, glimpsing the developments of the future in the lineaments of thepresent, and giving a sense of the ideal possibilities of social developmentfrom the point of view of the mass of working people

The problem for Marx was to explain how an art andliterature produced in a long-obsolete social organization can still give usaesthetic pleasure and be regarded as ‘a standard and unattainable ideal

Stories, the argu-ment goes, are the main way we make sense of things, whether in thinking of our lives as a progression leading somewhere or in telling ourselves what is happening in the world

understand the components of narrative and analyses how particular narratives achieve their effects