A city in Northwest France. It is somewhat close to Normandy beach. http://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNFullDisplay?find=MOULINES&place=&nation=&prev_page=1&english=Y&subjectid=7619478

Old palace in France, that was located in Paris in 1639. There was many times that the palace was raided, trashed and looted during French revolutions. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O1029337/paris-incendi%C3%A9-print-unknown/

A place is northwest France. It is the capital of Brittany, an area in Northwest France. http://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNFullDisplay?find=RENNES&place=&nation=&prev_page=1&english=Y&subjectid=7008263

A patè is a paste that is usually made from multiple ingredients that have been mashed up together. Typically it included proteins such as meat or fish. https://www-oed-com.proxymu.wrlc.org/view/Entry/138713?rskey=KuE6Li&result=3&isAdvanced=false#eid

Fille de chambre is another word for a chambermaid or a woman's personal maid. They usually would help make the beds or take care of the lady in her chambers. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O127451/plaque-dodin-charles-nicholas/

It's weird to see someone talk about themselves being smote or their own heart smiting them. Smote is the past tense of smite, which means to strike firmly. The word smite is often used in a religious context but not here.<br> https://www-oed-com.proxymu.wrlc.org/view/Entry/182641?rskey=XugDeL&result=1&isAdvanced=false#eid

A remise is an old term for a place you may store horses or carriages. https://www-oed-com.proxymu.wrlc.org/view/Entry/162204?rskey=TzwrMe&result=2&isAdvanced=false#eid

Cape near the southern tip of Africa. Often considered very dangerous waters. Was popular for Dutch shipping.

http://www.getty.edu/vow/TGNFullDisplay?find=Cape+of+good+hope&place=&nation=&prev_page=1&english=Y&subjectid=7016540

A livre is an old French currency. He is saying that each bottle of his burgundy costs 2 Livres. https://www-oed-com.proxymu.wrlc.org/view/Entry/109369?redirectedFrom=livre#eid

A tonsure is a bald spot that some monks would have due to shaving the tops of their heads. It seems that he has figured out that he's looking at a monk based off of this. https://collections.vam.ac.uk/item/O7676/panel/

Betwixt can be a synonym for between two people or things. I rarely see it used

This is when something seems to be in good order. In this context they are talking about the French state being good.

A cavalier is a horseman, but cavalierly is a synonym for arrogant. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cavalierly

This means spacious, but the word sounds weird in this context. It seems like he's saying he disposed of a book to make more space for carrying other volumes.

Someone who is expatriated is someone who is outside of their native country. Here he's saying that mercy is against those people. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/expatriate