People are able to make meaning of a symbol (a word) based on how their own personal experiences and the ways in which they communicate in their environment - so going beyond the symbol is like assigning your own meaning to the word or idea

Scholars have a limited view of literacy, because in our view someone who is able to upload or access a text online is engaging in literacy (according to Lankshear)

Meaningful content is an elastic term used to accommodate how the reader relates to the piece, perceives the writer's point of view, and many other possibilities

Semiotic - the study of signs and symbols as elements of communicative behavior; the analysis of systems of communication, as language, gestures, or clothing