hydrogen 3 has 2 neutrons and a mass number of 3 bhydrogen 2 only has 1 neutron and a mass of 1

Both have one proton

the magnetic field that the current produces repels the cylendrical magnet duringg the first half while it is falling and then attracts during the second half of it falling. Causing it to fall more slowly. Basically the magnetic field is in suhc a way that it opposes the motion that causes it

There is a change in magnet field linking between the magnetic field of the magnet and the conductive copper tube as the magnet falls. This induces a current in the copper tube

0.27 joules

magnifying lens

virtual becuase real rays do not meet to form the image

The ray bends in such a manner that it passes through the focal length

The air above the air is warmed and as it becomes rarer it rises. As it rises it moves towards the sea as well. When it reaaches a certain height it cools down becoming denser and therefore sinks. When it sinks it travels towards the orignal spot it rised from as their is a lack of air there. This is how the ari from convectional currents that create a breeze

The molecules move faster have a hgiher kinetic energy and are more spacced out spread out more making the air less dense (rarer)

becuse black surfaces and objects b the mtost radiation

Energy travels as electromagnetic waves through the vacuum of space into the earths atomsphere before finally hitting Earth. Infrared radiation travells at approximately 3*10^8 m/s When it hits the road some of this energy is absorbed by the road and the temperature of the road increases.

If too much electricity is supplied to the circuit the wire in the fuse melts and the circuit is broken and electricty stops flowing protecting the components of the circuit from excess energy

Any charge that is leaked into the metal tap is conducted away by the earth wire so that a human who touches it does not get eleltrocuted

e= sph mass temp chae e/sph *temp change 0.55 kg per 60 minute

E=Vit 2301360 180000 J

The fixed point at which boiling occurs, the highest temperature a liquid of a particular substance can be at and the point at which liquid is bein converted to gas at the fasted rate

Electrons that are delocalised and mobile move throughout the positive lattice of metal ions and when they do so they collide with the ions and other electrons transferreing some of their thermal energy in the process. This is conduction in metals .

The particles with high energy in the damp cloth manage to escape leaving behind particles with lower energy. This means that the remaining wtater moleculse have a lower average kinetic energy which means they have a lower temperature

water pressure acts in all directions so there is the constant water pressure of the water from the resevoir pushing the mass of water keeping the speed of the water constant and hences its ke constant.

5.6 *10^6 Pa

1.6 *10^6 Pa

gravitational potential

As the car slows down the resistive force of air resistance decreases

Because there is also the ressitive force of air resistance

22 m/s

working shown on rgaph and formula for rise over run

gradient

Because humans have a reaction time of 0.2 seconds

Deceleration is negative acceleration or the velocity decreasing per unit time

iron more reactive than copper

Sacrificial protection. Magnesium more reactive than iron so higher drive to oxidise so it oxidises instead of iron leaving the steel unoxidised and not rusted

conductivity formation fo basic oxie

colored compounds variable oxidation states

S-

To produce carbon monoxide which reduces iron oxide To increase the temperature

Carbon dioxide

Slag

Hematite

10

He can put anyhdrous copper sulfate and if it does not turn blue or if it remains a whtie powder than all water has been given off

2,4, ,6

Splint relights in oxygen

Burning splint

Put the Solid sodium iodide in excess water wait for it to completely dissolve ( this gives us aqueous NaI). Repeat the same with lead(II) nitrate in order to obtain aqueous solution. Pour lead(ii)nitrate into aq sodium iodide. The following reaction occurs Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2NaI (aq) -> PbI2 (s) + 2NaNO3 (aq)

You will know when the precipate reaction ends whenthe solid stops forming further. Then filter the solid using filter funnel and filter paper. Wash with distilled water And dry in an oven

increase increase

Shifts to the right

because there are more gaseous moles on the right side of the equilbrium and to oppose the increase in pressure the backward reaction was favoured.

The NO2 moleculars were closer together, more densely packed.

Equilbrium is when in a reversible reaction the rate of forward reaction is equal to the rate of backwrad reaction

Chlorine is molecular and diatomic. So the vanderwaals forces of attraction hold each together. The intermolecular force is quite weak. Potassium on the other hand is held together by the strong electrostatic force of attraction between the sea of electrons and lattice of pottassium ions o its melting point is much higher .

Liquid Because it is above the melting point so it has melted and into liquid but is above the boiling poin so hasnt boiled into gas so its liquid.

Potassium hydroxide

Hydrogen

2Cl- ->Cl2 + 2e-

Chlorine

Potassium

The chemical decomposition/breakdown of ionic compounds that are in molten or aqueous state by passing electricty through them.

K + CL -> KCL

chromatography

depolymerisation

filtration

electroolysis

fractional distilation

haber

A type II error would be if the Wellness department failed to reject the null hypothesis that the mean of sytlolic blood pressure in the company is 122 mmHg. But in reality the null hypothesis was wrong and infact the mean of the systolic blood pressure of employees is greater than the national average and is greater than 122 mmHg.

The interval of 1 stnadard deviation centered around 8.2 would be. (1,15.4) Since this is discrete data (recorded as integer) this is the same as (1,15). The amount of teachers that are in this interval are 78_34_+... =188 p(in one standard deviation)= 188/200=0.94

Current total teaching years in Highschool A is . 2008.2 =1640. Adding the teaching years of 18 teachers with a mean of 2.5 = 1640+ 182.5=1685 Mean = 1685/218=7.293 years

The Highschool with median teaching year of 6 is Highschool B. The highschool with median reaching year 7 is higschool A. This is because Highschool B is more strongly skewed to the right than highschool A which means the mean of Highschool B will be further away from the median teaching year in Highschool B compared to highschool A. Since both highschool have the same mean but Highschool B has a mean further away from its median than Highschool A we can conclude that the median of higschool B will be 6 as it is further away from the mean compared to 7.

We could use a 2 sample t test for difference between means to see if there is a statistcally significant difference between the old and a new procedure. This would be possible if the conditons are met. Conditions randomness: this is met because although random selection to create a random sample was not used, there was random assignment from a poool of 210 patients into the standard and new group. independance: We can assume that 100 and 110 are less than 10 percent of the total population of people who use the old surgery and new surgeery respectively. normality: Since we have more than 30 in old and more than 30 this ocnditin met.

150 show formulas with mean value and probablity and all that

The students had to go one at a time into the teachers office and respond yes or no to the teacher. Since the teachers was an environemtanl science teacher and the students had no annomonity they would be more likely to lie in order to make themselves look better.This would introduce a bias that would overestimate the point estimate of proportion of all studnets who would respond yes.

Circled point - 3 small.

Because the magnitude of the residual of this line is very high compared to the other values. It deviates signifincaly from the least squares regreesion line and we would expect a much higher value

The coeeficient of detrmination r square is 73.33 %. This means that 73.33 percent of the variation in the Time it took from when the customer entered to line to when he finished with check out can be explained by the variation in how many customers were in line.

The estimate for the interecept for the least squares regression line is 72.95 seconds. Which means that when there are 0 customers in front of a customer (ie: if there is only one customer in line) we expect them to finish with the check out in 72.95 seconds. This is a predicted value

no becase more choice and therefore more more good good

but monopoly so bad bad

in total yes yes becuase fast griowing not much another componsits risk of monopiolisation

they can use the knowledge of the other local company

they can split losses

A company that has operations running in more than one company and manufactures products in more than one cuntry

brand is a unique name given to one of the producst a business sell

to ensure supply of raw materials is met

they need raw materials like starch to mm mm mm mm on time etc etc

too advertise to make sure they are working on differnt things intenrally

Quality assurance is testing for quality throughout production at every stage of production

Help to find out how many watches they will have to sell to not make a loss. Helps to see how changing factors such as price of a watch will affect profit

Reducage of wastage skill workesr prone to fewer errors. Fewere sports watches will be defective so fewere will have to be thrown out or wasted. Less wastage would mean lower costs and a higher profitabiility. Handmade

More productivity Skilled workers can work faster. Make more watches per unit time increasing productivity. This will help to meet more demand increase sales and increase revenue

yes becaause it will allow consistent reliable and large volumes which will mean lower wastage and more output for more sales. The more sales help to offset the impact of the fixed cost and actually would increase profitablity (because in essence the price per watch is greater than the variable cost of making one watch) But would probably explain this with the less error point of viwe.

No beecause machiner is very expesnive and it could add to the already high 200 000 annual fixed cost. mainitng it and providing electicity for it will be expesnvie and these costs could reduce profitabilty

He should invest in machinery because although in the short term it will be an expensve and can reduce proftiablity in the long the running charges of the machinery will be neglibile compared to the profit from the extra units produced and the higher quality of the units

We can be 96% confident that the true median rental price falls between the interval 2500 dollars and 2950 dollars.

96 percent

2950

2500

She should scrape the website to attain information of all the one bedroom apparments listed and their price. She should then use a simulator to take all possible samples of size 50 from her large data set of all the apparements listed and their price. She should than create buckets of lets say 200 dollar differentials so for example a bucket could look like houses that are between 3200-3400 dollars. She should make the computer compute the average cost of all the houses in a 50 hosue sample for all the samples possible. She should than make the computer count how many medium sample csots fall into each bucket and use this information to finally make a sampling distribution

The distribution is heavily skewed to the right and the mean is more sensitive to skew than the medium so the mean is pulled further to the right than the median so infact a mean may be bad as it gives her an overestimate of the typical rental price of a one bedroom appartment

She can geeralize the results from her sample to prices of one bedroom rentals that are on the online market (ie: are available to buy online).

4.675 dollars

24-30/8

with albbeled calc function 0.2266

5a) Draw normal distribtuion. The number of batteries that are expected to no longer work is normally distributed with a mean of 30 and standard deviation of 8months. ( correct notation).

25 percent of the batteries would lead to a z score of = -2.81

z score formula = leads to 7.52 In roughly 7 and a half months

Let X be the random variable of interest which represents the number of people that take their medicine always as prescribes. Then X is binomially distributed with n=5, p=0.54/

The formula is ___ insert fomrula

Answer is. 0.1956

No becuase P(A or B)= P(a) + P(B) for independant events but here P(never or women)= 0.5864 when itshould be something greater if they were really independant

0.12

0.1200+0.5300 - 0.0636= 0.5864

0.0636

Label each container from 1-20. Then choose the 0 mlL mixture, and using a computer use a random number generator from 1-20. Generate numbers without replacement until you get 5 different numbers. (if you get the same number more than once just ignore it and generate another random number). Assign the treatment to the corresponding experimental unit that you labbeled based on the output of the random number generator. Once done with 0 mL solution, repeat this with the other 3 solutions.

The equal/constant number of insects that are placed in an individual container

The proportion of insects that are still alive in each container one week after spraying

The 4 different concentrations of fungus mixtures used

The peaks of the distribution: that is to say from the histogram you can see that the distribtion is bidmodal but this is not apparent from the boxplot

VSOCC - spread center outliers contextshape

The shape of the distribution is bimodal with a majority of room sizes falling between either 150-200 square feet or 250-300 square feet. The median is somewhere between 225 and 275 square feet. There is an interesting feature in that there seems to be some sort of a gap in the 200- 250 square feet of rooms as there is only 1 room that is this size. The range of distribution is between 150-250

Prototype is an example of a concept that sort of exemplifes it or is the typical example of that concept. Here the lower cost garments could have been more traditional and hence have been similar to a protype for garments but the more expensive ones could have been weird and fancy which would not fit well within the prototype and hence be rated lower.

The cones in the retina are specialized receptor cells that help us perceive color. In this case when looking at the dfiferent colors of the dress the cones were utlised, if they perhaps had red green color blindness due to a defect in their cones then they would not be able to appreciate garments that were red and green to the full extent which could have detrimnetally affected the quality rating of those clothes

Mere exposure effect suggests the more that we experience a cerrtain stimuli the more that we like it. In this case particpants that saw a certain shirt more often, maybe by looking at it again and again or just by maybe seeing an add about it in another place would be more likely to like that shirt over other shirts.

Because only people who had access to computers and the internet could submit their responses. But in the real world there are still billions of people who dont have access to the internet and therefore she did not take a representative sample of the general population and she cant generalize her results

There was a negative correlation between the variables of interest. So as cost increased the quality rating decreased

The operational definition is a quality rating from 10-10 with higher numbers meaning better quality

The hypothesis was "as cost in dollars of garments increase the percieved quality rating will also increase"

We dream during Rem sleep in this stage our muscles are paralyzed and we cant move them. Its impossible to move during rem sleep. Sleepwalking mainly occurs during Nrem sleep.

Group polarization is the phenonmeon when the viewpoint of a group of people who had initially similar view poins becomes more extreme due to being with eachother. In this case while all the villagers may have had a slight feeling that the creature was mean when they disccussed it together group polarisation took place and they were more convinvced that the monster was evil .

Fundamental attribution error is when we attribute other peoples shortcomings and faults to dispositional factors. Here when the creature accidnetly knocked down the villager the rest of the villagesr could have experienced funamdemantal attribution error if they concluded that the creature "is evil and likes to hurt people".

Out group homogeniety bias is the bias to assume people in your out-group or people who are not similar to you or not in your ingroup are all the same. In this case the villagers had seen large scary looking monsters before possibly in fairy tale books and read that these monsters had been evil and would hurt villagers. Because of the outgroup homogeneity bias they assumed this monster would also be the same without taking the chance to get to undrestand him and this lead to them being afraid of the creature.

Somatosensory cortext is a part of a the structure of the neuron it is essentially the cell body of the neuron. When receptor cells Ruths eye detected the light the electrical stimulus traveled through the somatosensory cortext and then went into the axon terminal

Motor neurons carry signals from the brain to effectos such as muscles. When the light was unexpectdly flipped on, Ruth must have felt scared so her brain sent a signal through her motor neurons to muscles in her arm to move in a jery manner which caused her to spill the hot chocaltae on hreslef

Optimal arousal theory states humans seek to be in a state of the best /optimal amount of excitement or arousal. In this case, Ruth was bored at home so she seeked to have a higher level of arousal she did this by watching a scary movie.

Methanoic acid

Compounds which have the same molecular formula but different structural formuals

Methanoic acid

Methanol

C2H4O2

Methyl Methanoate

-130

930

800

addition reaction

brown/orange to colorless

CnH2n

4

0.015

164 g

anyhdrous

Dilute Hydrochloric acid

By cooling down the solution so that the solubility decreases and crystals 'come out' or form.

At a specific or given temperature, no more solute can dissolve in the solution

Filtrate

Effeervences/ Bubbling Calcium carbonate- solid dissolves dissapears

2HNO3 + Ca(CO3) -> Ca(NO3)2 +H2O + CO2

NH5SO4

Since the particles have a lower kinetic energy this reduces the collisions per second. Also a smaller proportion of the collisions have the required Ea to react because the temperature is reduced and their kinetic energy is reduced. These two facts reduce the rate of reaction when temperature is reduced

The position of equlibirum shifts to the left in order to counteract the change in pressure ( a decrease in pressure favours the side with less gas molecules)

The position equilibrium shifts to the right in order to counteract the change in temperature (a decrease in temperature favours the exothermic reaction)

Iron

450 degrees 200

Reaction is reversible

air

Haber

Ag 2+ (aq) + 2Cl- (aq)->AgCl2 (s)

Yellow

Silver chloride

Titration

Neutralisation

720

0.03

0.06

Blue

OH-

Green

They have high melting points and boiling points They can conduct electricity when in molten state

(high density, color? thats chemical, solid liquid gas?)

Metallic bonding

The bonding is the electrostatic force of attraction between the negatively charged sea of delocalised electrons and the positively charged lattice of ions.

Nitrogen

Boron

berrylium

Boron

Nitrogen

Lithium

carbon

Oxygen

diffusion, amino, fats, carbohydrates, passive, antibody, antigen

It allows the first sperm to pass through but then it hardens after the egg is fertilised to prevent other sperms from entereing the egg.

So that when they fuse together they form a diploid cell with only 23 pairs of chromosomes and not more

testes, zygote, meiosis, mitosis, embedding

Because the seeds from one tree will have very little genetic variety. It is important to take seeds from many trees to increase the gentic variety of the seeds which will make the speicies more robust to changes in the climate in the future

Munjay cedar tree is a producer and it is the base of all food webs and food chains in the natural habitat. It is able to convert inorganicmaterials into organic materials during photosynthesis and therefore create chemical energy in molecules such as glucose and starch. When primary consumers eat the cedar tree they get energy from the tree, but then secondary consumers eat primary consumers and tertiary eats secondary. But in the first place if there was no tree primary wouldnt be alive so neither would secondary and consequantly neither would tertialry

When trees are deforestated the soil becomes very loose as there are no roots to hold it in place. This means when it rains the soil gets washed away which can lead to flooding of nearby areas and the wastage of fertile soils. Additionally trees help to take up ground water and by transpriation release water vapour into the environment to increase rainfall. So when deforestation occurs the rainfall in an environment decreases and the lack of water may hurt many species. Also trees provide habitats and nutrients for many animals, when trees are cut the animals lose their habitat and are at risk of dying.

Widdringontonia

The population of algae and other producers increase. They can block out sunlight by covering the entire surface of the lake. When these producers die there is a lot of food for bacteria to eat, so the population of bacteria increases. The bacteria then respire which decreases the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the stream and river. This causes aquatic life such as fish to die because of the lack of oxygen.

-38%

There is a greater ammount of nitrogen fixing bacteria which allows more uptake of nitrogen ions for plants which is good for their health

Nitryfing bacteria convert nitrogen containing compounds which in this case is protein from cow manure into nitrogen or ammonium ions which the plant can absorb through active transport.

A reccessive allele is one that is only expressed in the absence of a dominant allele (both alleles are reccessive). In this pedigree diagram both individulas 2 and 3 do not express cystic fibrosis but some of their offsprings do. This means that they had to have carried the recessive allele for cystic fibrosis because otherwise their offsprings would not be able to inherit this disease. But also we know 2 and 3 did not express the disease, if they carried the allele but it still wasnt expressed that shows that the cystic fibrosis is recessive

When chloride ions move into the pancreatic duct the water potential of the pancreatic duct decreases as it becomes more concentrated. This means that water from the surrounding areas like inside the pancreatic duct may be now at a higher water potential. This causes osmosis to take place in which water moves acrose the partially permeable membrane of the pancreatic duct down the concentration gradient.

CFTR use energy from respiration to move chloride ions across the membrane. They work against the concentration gradient in a process known as active transport. Once a chloride ion in the pancreatic duct cell comes into contact with the carrier protein they bind and the protein exerts energy to force/push the chloride ion instide the pancreatic duct

X is a valve and it prevents backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery into the right ventricle.

Hormones, insulin and glucogon Enzymes- Trypsin, Amylaze, Lipase

Liver, Gall bladder. Small intestine

Double circulation allows oxegnated blood to reach the body tissues much quicker and in larger volumes. This allows body cells to have a greater access to glucose and oxygen which they can use for respiration. This means body cells of an animal with double circulation can respire faster and have greater metabolic activity than single circulation animals. This allows tthem to expend more energy which can be useful in fight or flight sitautions.

Blood passes through the heart twice on one complete loop of the body. There are two seperate circuits of blood travel. The diagram shows how first blood goes to the lung, then back to the heart and then to the body and back to the heart. So it one complete cycle blood passes through the heart twice

The vein has thin walls and a large lumen. It has valves to ensure one way flow of blood. It has less elastic muscle and tissue compared to the arteries.

Vena cava

Left ventrical

Overall the active of sucrase measured as a percentage of its greatest activity increases then has a maximum value than decreases. At pH 2 the activity is 50 percent, this increases steadily until pH of 6 at which point the activity is 100 percent. Than the activity decreases with pH steadily, reaching a low of only 10 percent at a pH of 12.

The reason behind this is the optimum pH of sucrase is around 6pH so it functions best at this pH. When the pH becomes higher than this some of the sucrase molecules are denatured and they the shape of the active site changes and is not complmentary to sucrose anymore. This impedes the formation of enzyme-subtrate complexes which means sucrase becomes less efficient and its activity reduces. A greater proportion of the sucrase molecules become denatured the futher the pH is away from optimum value, thats why the activity continues to decrease as we go to far out to the right or too far out to the left

Sucrase molecules have an active site that is specific to their function. Their active site has a complmentary shape to sucrose molecules allowing the two to bind and form an enzyme-substrate complex which catallyses the breakdown of sucrose. Sucrase has a very specific shape in active site which only allows it to bind with sucrose molecules

Respiration

Fungi

it takes electrons from Iodine allowing iodine to get oxidised. It itself is reduced

Bromine

Displacement reaction

Colorless Orange/brown

Group 1 metals have lower melting poinst than group 2 metals Group 1 metals are Group 1 metals are softer and more brittle

There is a vigorous energetic reaction. There is effervescence and fizzing as hydrogen gas escapes. There is explosion because of how reactiong potassium is.

K(s) +H2O(l) -> KO(aq) + H2(g)

Transition elements form color compounds gropu 1 form white Transitio eleements can be catalysts

We the hydrated sulfate may evaporate