1,269 Matching Annotations
  1. Apr 2021
    1. Accentdefinesandcommunicateswhoweare.Accentisthemap\diichlistenersperceivethroughtheirearsratherthanthroughtheireyestofread’wherethespeakerwasbornandraised,

      I like how they refer to a map to represent what listeners perceive, the map is directing the listings to acknowledge where the person is from.

  2. Oct 2020
  3. Sep 2020
    1. Aun tratándose de una zona de contacto donde abundan demográficamente los hispanohablantes, existe una curiosa disparidad entre eluso del español yel uso del inglés.

      Susi es de California, me pregunto, ¿podemos establecer una comparación entre este contexto y NYC? ¿Cómo? ¿Qué aspectos creemos que son diferentes y qué otros aspectos son similares?

    2. “la cuestión del bilingüismo no es lingüística, sino de poder”

      Podemos discutir más este statement - ¿Cómo entendemos esta frase? ¿Por qué ha elegido el autor enfatizar esto?

    3. Varios resultados son posibles, pero se dan muchos casos como los de Susi, casos en que los docentes o agentes clave promueven el uso del idiomaespañol sin latinidad o el bilingüismo sin interculturalidad.

      ¿Qué quiere decir esto?

  4. Apr 2019
    1. Itistheorderingofsocialgroupsintermsofwhohasauthoritytodeterminehowlanguageisbestused.

      Karina: Not so much how language is best used but how to keep order, people under control

    2. Somethingasimportantaslanguagecannotbelefttoitself:normalpeoplearenotsmartenough,notawareenough,tobeinchargeoftheirownlanguage

      Karina: Though it comes off a bit harsh, it is understandable.Not to differ the "educated" people and "normal", but its more about preventing chaos. Language and communication are not so simple when it comes to an abundance of people. Having groups segregated by language, one trying to overpower the other and everyone. That already happened and the government isnt trying to let that happen again.

    3. inparticularthosewhohaveachievedahighlevelofexpertiseinthewrittenlanguage

      Karina: I thought someone becomes an expert in a language when they can speak it, write it, read it, maybe know the origin of some words.

    4. Whilethedefinitionmakessomeroomfor“regionaldifferences”itmakes noneatallforsocialones,andinfactitisquitedefiniteaboutthesocialconstructionofStandardUSEnglish:itisthelanguageoftheeducated.

      Karina: Kind of a contradiction. Regional differences affect the use of ones language, in this case standard English, but if standard English is the language of the educated and they're assuming the level of education of people based on their regions, it doesnt make sense.

  5. Mar 2019
    1. Wherethereisenoughintelligibilitybetweenvarietiestoenablecommunication,theexistenceofwell-establisheddistinctethnolinguisticidentitiescanbeastrongindicatorthattheyshouldneverthelessbeconsideredtobedifferentlanguages

      This criteria will be the one we could apply to Romance languages, righ? Spanish, French, Portuguses...

    2. notchosentobethenationallanguageofthecountry.

      how can the standard be defined then? how do we know what word or expression is standard or not? who takes these decisions?

    3. itispossibleforspeakersofoneRomancelanguagetounderstandspeakersoftheotherlanguagesandviceversa

      really? I do speak Spanish and I am not able to speak and/or communicate with people when I have visited Rome/Italy

    4. mutually intelligible

      I am not sure about this term - for example: British English and American English are two "linguistic dialects" because a British English speaker can understand an American English speaker. Ok, but what Chinese dialects?

    5. Certain speech varieties have been afforded special social, political, or cultural importance.

      How (in which ways) do certain varieties adquire special social, politica or cultural importance?

    6. thecriteriathatseparatealanguagefromadialectarecompletelyarbitrary

      if the criteria that differentiates language from dialect are arbitrary - what are the criteria that differentiate one language from another? are they also arbitrary?

    7. separatedialectsof the same language

      are they "equal" dialects of the same language? I wonder how people would perceive these dialects - I am guessing that they would not be perceive the same way.

  6. Dec 2018
    1. heureux meaning happy.

      Daysi, you need to work on your essay. you have not identified the language/dialect you are focusing on. What attitudes exist about this language/dialect? Is this language/dialect perceived in different ways in different areas or contexts? W What social factors do you think are associated with attitudes that people have towards this language/dialect?

    2. the word cd-rom was quickly converted and absorbed into the French language as “cederom.”  (bbc news) Minister Toubon brought upon a law that requires radio stations to play French music 40% of the time and that foreign film titles must be translated into French. Attitudes that people have towards the language would mainly be that it is the language of love.

      how does this lexical example illustrates language attitudes towards French?

    3. An interesting fact about the French language is that the French people are very eager and keen to learn new languages,

      is this a language attitude? how do you know this?

    4. hey get to work with each other, live next to each other and spend time together -they usually offer Haitians work because Haitians don’t really ask for high wages.

      how do you relate this to the main purpose of this essay?

    5. s, traveled to another country seeking great opportunities, employment, hope for their future, to escape poverty in their homeland and basically to help find the resolutions to all of their issues and worries.

      make sure to relate this comparison to language attitudes - I mean, how does this explain that we associated Haitian Creole to lowe class people and why.

    6. Using certain terms like this can lead to people being misjudged and misunderstood depending on how they interpret the use of the terms.

      how is the difference in lexicon relevant on your essay? how is this connected to language attitudes?

    7. Tokyo dialect, they would adjust characters to match their dialect into the context so it makes sense.

      but at the beginning of the essay, you say that the kansai dialect is not taught at schools... right?

    8. They might keep in mind that the people speaking the Kansai dialect is short tempered though and be more careful when they talk.

      same question - why are they perceive as friendly?

    9. aggressive. People in the Kansai speak fast and louder than normal because they want their words to be heard. Especially in Osaka, people there are known to have less patience and high temper which results in many argument

      why do you think Kansai is perceived as an aggressive dialect? do you think avery single speaker of Kansai has high temper and no patience? What factors do you think are associated with this specific attitude?

    10. Kansa

      as a reader I want to know more about this dialect - you must provide some background information in order to inform the reader - for example, how many first language speakers of the language are there? What parts of the world is it spoken in? Who speaks it? Is it commonly spoken as a second language/dialect? Where and who speaks it as a second language/dialect?

    11. This also means that in schools in Japan that even if you speak the Kansai dialect, the Tokyo dialects way of talking is the ones taught in the textbooks

      The kansai dialect is less prestigious than the Tokyo dialect, why?

    12. 422 million ways.

      Ahmed, you do not mention the attitudes - remember the objective of this essay. What attitudes exist about this language/dialect? What are some things different people might say about it?

    13. In the history of the South Levantine Arabic language, it’s been published in some parts of the bible in the 1940s. South Levantine was spread and accepted during the Roman and Byzantine periods as well. Levantine Arabic was a dominant spoken language in Palestine.

      how is the historical background relavant in your essay?

    14. an example would be Egyptian Arabic. The dialect and accent for the South Levantine Arabic and the Egyptian Arabic differ from each othe

      how are they different? Provide background information about this language. For example, how many first language speakers of the language are there? What parts of the world is it spoken in? Who speaks it? Is it commonly spoken as a second language/dialect? Where and who speaks it as a second language/dialect?

    15. The French that was brought to the colony was also isolated, during this time the noticeable differences between the French varieties began to appear. Standard European French developed with European influences, while Canadian French were infused with significant influences from the English language.” This shows where the language has come from and even thought canadian French is an umbrella term it still means that Quebec french was created during that time too. In 1977, the charter of the French language was drafted by the Parti Quebecois and it was to protect the French language which was known as Quebecois. This charter made Quebec French the primary Language used in business in Quebec. Now Quebec french is the primary language spoken in Quebec and is used in Ontario and New Brunswick.

      remember to cite your sources. the historical perspective and the colonization process is essential here - but you need to identigy the language towards the language/dialect and explain why - you cannot copy directly word by word from the article: https://www.talkinfrench.com/canadian-french-difference/

    16. As stated above it has those differences and it can be kind of similar. Those can still be able to understand this type of French if they speak another type of french.

      Review the objectives of this essay . What attitudes exist about this language/dialect? What are some things different people might say about it? What social factors do you think are associated with attitudes that people have towards this language/dialect? Racial? Socioeconomic class? Cultural? Education? Ethnic? Sexual or gender identity association? Physical/mental impairment? Anything else? Explain why any of these might contribute to people’s attitudes towards the language/dialect.

    17. French.

      Xavier, the paragraphsin your essay are not connected, how is this paragraph related to the previous one? in other words, you are talking about how the lexicon from the French spoken in France is different to the one spoken in Quebec - how and why is this relevant to your essay?

    18. converse with a native speake

      most of the time, speakers of the language do not realize about these attitudes and ideologies, remember our conversation in class and how they are naturalize in our daily lives.

    19. can be rather difficult to understand

      there no other factors that coul explain this conection? I think that the historical perspective that you offer at the beginning is connected - the colonization process is essential to undertand these attitudes

    20. “Ghetto” dialect.

      yes! You should address this earlier in your essay not at the end - and, why is this connection established? why is Jamaican Patois associated to "ghetto, uneduacted and/or poor people?

    21. One key difference between Patois is in many phrases. A few examples of this is as follows: “Don’t go there” becomes “Nuh guh deh”. “Come here” becomes “Come yah”. “You’re a liar” becomes “You is a liad” or “You a liad”, and “Why are you lying” becomes “Wha mek you so lie”. Even short insults extend in length with “You’re an idiot” becoming “You mussi born back a cow”. Simple words, like phrases, are also different in Jamaica with examples such as “Smelly” becoming “frowsy”. Stores being called shops, Americans being called Yankees, and any overseas country is called “Foreign”. Other examples would be children being called “Pitneys”, Boys being referred to as “Byai” and girls as “Gyal”.

      you do not need that many examples - you can suggest a couple and explin them with more detail - but again, how do people perceive Jamaican Patois?

    22. Jamaican music has a lot to do with the interest in the language among the masse

      Malekie, come back to the main objective of the essay - What attitudes exist about this language/dialect? What are some things different people might say about it?

    23. It states the upper class are descended from the European settlers and have lighter skin than the lower class who are darker skinned and descended from African slaves or Haitians. Status is defined by family background not by wealth and there is little social mobility

      and? why and how if this information relevant? you have mentioned soco-economic and racial factors, how are these factors related to the previous paragraphs?

    24. Article mentions how in Santiago there was a crowd of people burning a Haitian flag which was a symbolic act to protest against the “invasion” of Haitian migration into the country. They also had anti-Haitian graffiti throughout the capital city of Santo Domingo.

      how is this related to the topic of this essay?

    25. hat was because most immigrants were scared that if they were found then they would be deported.

      Remember te objective of this essay - you need to identify the attitudes towards this language/dialect: What attitudes exist about this language/dialect? What are some things different people might say about it?

    26. In Dominican Republic Haitians are not really welcome. I found an article on the website of CNN by Mariano Castillo called “Faces of a divided island.” According to the article hundreds of thousands of Dominicans with Haitian decent have been stripped of their citizenship and forced to prove they were born in the Dominican Republic.

      According to Castillo "...."

    27. This slave trade took place In the French colony of Saint-Domingue now known as Haiti. Haitian Creole is spoken by 10-12 million people internationally. Haitian Creole is the most popular language in Haiti more than 8.5 million Haitians are fluent but every region has its own different touches to it.  Haitian creole is in many different countries including Canada, the USA, France, the Dominican Republic, Cuba, the Bahamas and other Caribbean countries. Haitian Creole is the second most spoken language in Cuba after Spanish, there is even a creole radio station in Havana Cuba. Over 300,000 Haitian immigrants  speak Haitian creole in Cuba. It is a minority language in Cuba and a significant number of Cubans speak it fluently as a second language. Most of these Cubans that speak Haitian Creole have never been to Haiti and do not have any Haitian ancestry, but learned it in their neighborhood.

      source?

    28. Language can tell you a lot about a person, but it doesn’t define them.

      This is a really powerful statement - you may want to start your paragraph with it and then explain your reasons.

    29. Brazilian Portuguese has been known as a pleasant language to listen to. It is also considered very romantic and understandable

      You clearly state the attitudes towards this language - make sure to explain it. why? why does this connection exist? what factors do you think are associated with attitudes that people have towards this language/dialect?

    30. At the time when Brazil was under the rule of the Portuguese government, in the 16th century, there were slaves, of which whom were illiterate, from African descent who had their own language and they slowly created what is considered today, Brazilian Portuguese. It was their Creole language mixed with European Portuguese that produced “Brazilian Portuguese.”

      Remember to cite your sources in the text. I think that your historical perspective and the colonization process in central in your argument

    31. People that don’t have the “power” or the chance to speak up for themselves,

      why? Who has the "power"? you may want to re-read the article we discussed in class.

    32. , but the tourist won’t be able to take a chance to enjoy the culture, the language of this beautiful country.

      review the objectives of this essay - you are not addressing the attitudes and the reasons/factors that you think are associated with attitudes that people have towards this language/dialect - Brazilian Portuguese

    33. To understand Patois

      the reader needs more information about Jamaican Patois - Provide background information about this language. For example, how many first language speakers of the language are there? What parts of the world is it spoken in? Who speaks it? Is it commonly spoken as a second language/dialect? Where and who speaks it as a second language/dialect?

    34. Socially, European Portuguese is seen as the “correct” language and it’s the langue that is taught in schools.

      why? how can you explain that this is perceived as "the correct language"?

    35. This is a very stereotypical situation but someone from the South would be perceived as “uneducated” by someone living in say New York or California. How do we know if they’re uneducated?

      how would you answer this question after all the readings and discussions this semester?

    36. I learned that there are many prejudices as to a certain accent and/or dialect which I don’t necessarily understand

      what type of prejudices? what didnt you understand?

    37. To find out how Cockney English speakers are perceived by the upper class, I did a lot of research and went on several websites from the U.K. and I learned a lot about the varying accents and dialects present

      Manisha, when you write a research paper, the research process is implicit - while reading the paper we can see that you did the research and the content on the paper shows the research itslef

    38. when that isn’t necessarily the case. In fact, many rich business owners in England speak Cockney English or have a Cockney accent

      accent - what does accent mean? (review differences between dialect vs accent)

  7. Nov 2018
    1. Then I thought about the linguistic landscape and realized that the neighborhood tends to be mainly White and Spanish, which makes sense why the first two languages on the sign were English and then Spanish

      make sure to establish the connect between the language and race clearly - are Hispanic also label as White?

    2. e Puerto Rican culture (

      make sure you check the rubric - the thirs part of the essat is missing: could you connect the sign to other factors (linguistic and non-linguistic) such as the type of the store, demographis, social and economic factors? can you tell us more about the stratification of the neighborhood?

    3. This sign is written in Spanish, yet it’s ‘slang’. This is because it does not follow the proper grammar of written Spanish.

      what is the use of Spanish slang indexing?

    4. Taino (Joel Bosch) released a song with the title of this quote. Following this, the quote became a symbol for Puerto Ricans around the world, and nearly an icon. In New York City, at the Puerto Rican Day Parade, this quote is still chanted by man

      make sure to cite your source - even if it is an online one

    5. The symbol is monolingual (Spanish), and is located in Woodside, on Northern Blvd and 53rd Street. I drive past there nearly everyday on my way home, and it is there, or in that area, quite often.

      It is not a symbol, it is a sign - make sure to check this site: https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/ and the followig questions in order to describe in more details the sign, the languages use and so on: How many and what languages occur on signs in a specific public space Are the signs monolingual, bilingual, multilingual and in what ways, i.e. what combinations of languages do occur Are different languages used for different contents and in different domains In what forms do signs occur (notice boards, traffic signs, billboards, shop windows, posters, flags, banners, graffiti, menus, T-shirts , Facebook, Twittter, Instagram, Blogs, Websites) What about the language in terms of normativity: orthography, handwriting conventions, lexicon, syntax, literacy level

    6. For example, while in Jackson Heights, you’ll find signs in English and either Hindi, Punjabi, Bangla or even Urdu

      could you connect the sign to other factors (linguistic and non-linguistic) such as the type of the store, demographis, social and economic factors?

    7. round Roosevelt

      The last part of the essay should address the connection bewteen the sign(s) to the neighborhood/community (from a linguistic and non-linguistic perspectives) such as the type of the store, demographis, social and economic factors..

    8. his area is also known for the advertisement of lawyers. Lawyers for immigration and for personal injury like this one.

      this is part of your analysis - the sign you picked is really rich. Make sure that you connect the sign with the multiple layers of meanings - in this case, I think that you are saying that the dominant language is Spanish and (because of the context) is connected to immigration (right?) how? why? delve into this connection

    9. bilingual sign

      Lizbeth, it is a bilingual sign, but provide a more detailed description of it - imagine that the reader does not have access to it - make sure to check this site: https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/ and the followig questions in order to describe in more details the sign, the languages use and so on: How many and what languages occur on signs in a specific public space Are the signs monolingual, bilingual, multilingual and in what ways, i.e. what combinations of languages do occur Are different languages used for different contents and in different domains In what forms do signs occur (notice boards, traffic signs, billboards, shop windows, posters, flags, banners, graffiti, menus, T-shirts , Facebook, Twittter, Instagram, Blogs, Websites) What about the language in terms of normativity: orthography, handwriting conventions, lexicon, syntax, literacy level

    10. This could possibly mean that this neighborhood has a mix of different people in different social classes.

      Regarding social classes, can you tell us more about the stratification of the neighborhood?

    11. can infer that maybe there have been many unsanitary incidents, where it was noticeable to the employees of theNYC parks, that people were not properly using these toilets.

      Make sure to identify the languages on the sign - yes, a sign has many different layers of meaning, but for example in this case the use of specific languages def. means something...

    12. This sign is multilingual meaning it contains several different languages to help distribute an important message to the public.

      Norely, give more details about the sign (imagine that the reader does not have access to the image). make sure to check this site: https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/ and the followig questions in order to describe in more details the sign, the languages use and so on: How many and what languages occur on signs in a specific public space Are the signs monolingual, bilingual, multilingual and in what ways, i.e. what combinations of languages do occur Are different languages used for different contents and in different domains In what forms do signs occur (notice boards, traffic signs, billboards, shop windows, posters, flags, banners, graffiti, menus, T-shirts , Facebook, Twittter, Instagram, Blogs, Websites) What about the language in terms of normativity: orthography, handwriting conventions, lexicon, syntax, literacy level

    13. English with Asian, Arab and other languages. In addition, the amount of Spanish and English landscape stores are actually scarce throughout the neighborhood. However, the chances of the personnel inside being able to communicate in those languages are and can be pretty high.

      Based on the sign and your analysis, try to delve more critically into the connection and interpretation between the sign and the neighborhood - for example, can you tell us more about the stratification of the neighborhood?

    14. (Deer Park, Suffolk County).

      the sign is from this area? I am guessing is a clothing store based on your description... does the store itself could connected the sign with a specific layer of meaning? (remember Labov's study)

    15. The signs show us that there is a large enough group of Korean speakers

      Yes, “there isa large enough grou of Korean speakers in the community" but why? could we know more about how they could be perceived in this neighborhood based on the sign?

    16. . Across the street there is another church. There is also a hospital diagonally across from the “Good Shepherd” church. The neighborhood is not predominantly Korean so I found it interesting to learn that the language was Korean.

      could you connect the sign to other factors (linguistic and non-linguistic) such as the type of the store, demographis, social and economic factors? can you tell us more about the stratification of the neighborhood?

    17. It also shows us that the Korean speaking and the English speaking communities come together in this place to express their religious practices.

      Alisia, try to delve into the different layers of meaning- for example, on the top we find first Korean and the English, however the squared sign is the other way around? why? what do you think this rearrangement means?

    18. Based off the time I’ve been working at the store I’ve been able to recall what I subconsciously observed who our customers tend to be. Like before, English is the predominate language in the area but second to that comes Spanish. French and Chinese seem to be either one or the other.

      could you delve into this hierrachy? what does it mean?

    19. Most of the text is in the color white except for, starting from the top, the first statement (green), third (yellow), seventh (green), and ninth (light blue). The layering is somewhat linguistic and has a bottom-up directedness.

      great work with the introductory paragraph - it is a very detailed and informative description of your sign

    20. The sign can be used by different kind of people. It can be used for people whose first time taking the train and not sure which where to go so they can use the sign for directions. Others would see the sign but wouldn’t really pay attention to it because they already know the ways of transportation in that area. Even though a person knows that they are in the right train station, they would still have to read it to make sure that they are in the right place. For me, I would know what train station I am in but I would make sure to read the sign before entering to make sure the train I need for transportation is available.

      Ahmed, you need to analyze the sign - now that you have described your sign, explein the different layers of meaning connected to it: for example, you mentioned that the sign is giving directions, but where? what does "uptown & the Bronx" mean? do they mean the same as "Downtown & Brooklyn"?

    21. The reason why the sign is mostly in English is most likely because of what I stated previously, the neighborhood is prominently English so it only makes sense that the sign should be mostly in the language that’s spoken the most in the neighborhood.

      You must delve more deeply into the different layers of meaning connected to the sign (why is the neighborhood is predominantly English speking the "actual name is in Chinese? what does this mean and why?”)

    22. There is also an elementary school directly in front of it (it’s a block away but still in front nonetheless). Students like to visit for a quick after school meal and families like to visit for an out of house meal.

      could you connect the sign to other factors (linguistic and non-linguistic) such as the type of the store, demographis, social and economic factors?

    23. Another factor can be the cars that I hear in my neighborhood, all the Russian people seem to have all the new cars and you know they are new is when you can hear them roaring in the background when you’re walking.

      could you connect the sign to other factors (linguistic and non-linguistic) such as the type of the store, demographis, social and economic factors?

    24. I would say that there’s no really meaning to the sign that can show who they are mainly focus on because both of the languages are big and good enough to see from far away

      all signs have (layers of) meanings - both languages are represented with the same size font, but for example, which one is placed first? why?

    25. knish which is something that is known to be eaten by jewish people

      I am a little bit lost here: "Knish" - I do not see this on the sign. You have mentioned that it is a bilingual sign, Chinese and English), but you mentioned Jewish people, why? How are these pieces connected?

    26. The big blue characters and the bolded telephone number would probably be the first things a person who could read Bangla would notice.

      why this specific sign? can you tell us more about the stratification of the neighborhood?

    27. Well, I think the reason for the sign not being completely in Bangla is because there could be people that may speak Bangla but do not know how to read or write it

      yes! why?

    28. There was some more writing in Bangla in the color blue and in big, bold and black letters, a phone number for what I assumed to be to be the currency exchange place’s.

      You have done a great job with your description. Make sure to classify your sign with thse linguistics terms: Monolingual or multilingual? authorized, transgressive or recognized? etc.. https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/

    29. he Anime Castle is one of those who survived and supporting the anime community in New York. The characters in Chinese and Japanese on the sign is just part of the anime itself so it’s for everyone and not just for a certain group. They actually hired all people who like anime to work there and they are not just Asians. This is one of my favorite stores because I like anime myself and goings here is how I kind of support the anime community.

      From a more general point of view, what can you tell us about the community/neighborhood beyond the sign(s)?

    30. Since the location is in Flushing where there is more Asian people,

      Could you eplain this? In other words, how does the sign(s) inform us about the neighborhood/community? Yes, Asian people live in Flushing, but why? what can you tell us about the demographics and its classification?

    31. The Chinese and Japanese characters doesn’t not mean the store is for Asians because these character are part of the term “anime” itself. This store actually is meant for English speakers since all the light novels and manga are in English.

      how is this whole paragraph related toyour linguistic landscape analysis?

  8. Oct 2018
    1. While banner is mostly in English, the actual name is in Chinese

      make sure to check this site: https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/ and the followig questions in order to describe in more details the sign, the languages use and so on: How many and what languages occur on signs in a specific public space Are the signs monolingual, bilingual, multilingual and in what ways, i.e. what combinations of languages do occur Are different languages used for different contents and in different domains In what forms do signs occur (notice boards, traffic signs, billboards, shop windows, posters, flags, banners, graffiti, menus, T-shirts , Facebook, Twittter, Instagram, Blogs, Websites) What about the language in terms of normativity: orthography, handwriting conventions, lexicon, syntax, literacy level

    2. English and Chinese

      Xavier - make sure to check this site: https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/ and the followig questions in order to describe in more details the sign, the languages use and so on: How many and what languages occur on signs in a specific public space Are the signs monolingual, bilingual, multilingual and in what ways, i.e. what combinations of languages do occur Are different languages used for different contents and in different domains In what forms do signs occur (notice boards, traffic signs, billboards, shop windows, posters, flags, banners, graffiti, menus, T-shirts , Facebook, Twittter, Instagram, Blogs, Websites) What about the language in terms of normativity: orthography, handwriting conventions, lexicon, syntax, literacy level

    3. Have you ever seen a linguistic landscape in your neighborhood or elsewhere? For the past three days we have been talking about and looking at examples of linguistic landscapes, they can inform us about the neighborhood in many ways such as Demographics, relationships, identity and social practices. These landscapes can tell us a lot about your neighborhood or others by just the way its placed.

      ????

    4. really popular. there are a lot of stores around there about 4 different gyms, supermarkets a few nail salons, clothing stores, two different train stations to get there and two different busses get you there as well.

      why is this information relevant in your analysis?

    5. Even though anime is a huge part of the Japanese culture, the size of the community overseas is way better than it is in Japan.

      Wiliam this sign is really rich - make sure to check this site: https://lingscape.uni.lu/whats-in-a-sign/ and the followig questions in order to describe in more details the sign, the languages use and so on: How many and what languages occur on signs in a specific public space Are the signs monolingual, bilingual, multilingual and in what ways, i.e. what combinations of languages do occur Are different languages used for different contents and in different domains In what forms do signs occur (notice boards, traffic signs, billboards, shop windows, posters, flags, banners, graffiti, menus, T-shirts , Facebook, Twittter, Instagram, Blogs, Websites) What about the language in terms of normativity: orthography, handwriting conventions, lexicon, syntax, literacy level

    6. he people of Ecuador either live along the coast where the Spanish accent is much fluent and much less heavy from the people who speak Spanish along the north side of the country,

      what does it mean when the "accent is much fluent" or "much less heavy"?

    7. There are quite a few factors that go into people’s determination of how they percieve a particular dialect.

      you have not identified and/or explained the specific language attitudes towards your dialect ?????

    8. “So I was standing on line…” My coworker immediately mocked me “on line?” he asked. I was shocked. I asked him if “in line” was correct and he said according to the conventions of standard spoken English, “in line” is more commonly used,

      the specific lexical use of "On line" is associated with Northeastern American English?

    9. Northeastern American English.

      as the reader, I understand that this is the dialect/language that you have chosen - what makes it different from other languages/dialects? how can we recognize it?

    10. The Hood, in short, is just a nicer way of saying a community where people of low economic class live

      how do we know from a linguistc point of view when a speaker/individual is from the "hood"? Why do we associate this "speech/variety/dialect" with a low economic class?

    11. Though english is the most commonly used language spoken in New York City, it’s english, or to be more precise, the way it is spoken in the city has its own style of english. It is common that each city has their own speaking style, and residents can notice when someone is out of state by the way their english is pronounced which includes dialect as well. And even within New York City, some areas have their unique way of speaking english in New York City.

      are you going to focus on New York English because this is your dilaect/language(s)?