2,476 Matching Annotations
  1. Apr 2021
    1. The picture of Abrahim’s daughter melted away near a large green hedge with ripe, inedible red berries hanging from it. For many nights afterward, he refused to think about her or her father. There were no rewards in life for such stupidity, and he promised himself never to fall victim to that kind of blind, wishful thinkin

      So, what is lost here? His connection to Sudan? His naivete? His hope?

    2. Soon enough they would grow out of that and concern themselves with the things that were most immediately relevant to their own lives.

      Is this inevitable?

    3. Of the vast extended family that lived around him, his mother was the only one who never mocked him for this, and even though he would have liked to save her image for later in the journey, at a point when he was far off at sea, he let himself think about her now.

      Ah. This is heartbreaking.

    4. “I’ll be waiting to hear from you soon,” and my father knew that was the last time he would ever hear Abrahim’s voice

      So, he will not go through with the agreement?

    5. He was from one of the Arab tribes in the north. Such men were common in town. They controlled most of its business and politics and had done so for centuries.

      Hierarchy (cultural/historic setting)

    6. I had given my students something to think about, and whether what they heard from me had any relationship to reality hardly mattered; real or not, it was all imaginary for them. That death was involved only made the story more compelling.

      So, is he storytelling? Or storycrafting here?

    7. Some wondered whether he had also been in Rwanda—or in Darfur, where such things were commonly known to occur.

      Africa is lumped together as a single "region" in these accounts.

    8. When it came to Europe or America, even people supposedly hardened by time and experience were susceptible to almost childish fantasies.

      Cultural and historic context/setting.

    9. When you get to England you’re going to say that she’s your wife. This is how you’re going to repay me. Do you understand?”

      Ah! So this is what Abrahim wanted all along!

    10. When you get to Europe, this is what you are going to do. You are going to be arrested. You will tell them that you want political asylum and they will take you to a jail that looks like Heaven. They will give you food and clothes and even a bed to sleep in. You may never want to leave—that’s how good it will feel. Tell them you were fighting against the Communists and they will love you. They will give you your pick of countries, and you will tell them that you want to go to England. You will tell them that you have left behind your wife in Sudan, and that her life is now in danger and you want her to come as well. You will show them this picture.”

      Here Abrahim explains the process of securing asylum status in Europe.

    11. If Abrahim’s intention was to harm him, then so be it, my father thought. A decent meal and a drink afterward were not the worst way to go

      The narrator's father still does not trust Abrahim.

    12. At night my father often heard gunfire mixed in with the sound of dogs howling. Every day he pleaded with Abrahim to help him find a way out.

      It is getting more and more dangerous. The push factors are quite obvious now.

    13. t was said that in one village all the young boys had been forced to dig graves for their parents and siblings before watching their executions. Afterward they were forced to join the rebellion that still didn’t have a name.

      War-torn region.

    14. They carry one of two things: food or weapons. We don’t make either in Sudan. You may have noticed this. That doesn’t mean we don’t love them equally.

      Cultural setting.

    15. walk him down to the docks in order to explain to him how the port town really worked. The only lights they saw came from the scattered fires around which groups of men were huddled.

      Physical setting described

    16. The Abrahim who came to life in my classroom was a far nobler man than the one I had previously imagined.

      This is an interesting point; he is not "crafting" the story of his father and he is aware of his role as a storyteller.

    17. “We won’t be needing them for now,” I said.My father’s first job at the port was bringing tea to the dockworkers

      So this may be the ongoing structure of the piece: the narrator speaking to his students about his father's life.

    18. They were still in the making, each and every one of them. Somehow I had missed that.

      How the narrator feels about his students - they have recognized each other's humanity.

    19. My father was told that he could find a job there, and that if he was patient and earned enough money he could even buy his way out of the country on one of the boats.

      Non-physical cultural setting (worforce/job/economics)

    20. slightly bulbous nose stood in stark contrast to the sunken cheeks and wide eyes that seemed to have been buried deep above them. His clothes fit him poorly. His hands looked larger; the bones were more visible. He thought his fingers were growing.

      This is an example of direct characterization.

    21. Everything was flat, from the land to the horizon, one uninterrupted stream that not even a cloud dared to break. The fields were thick with wild green grass and bursts of yellow flowers.

      Description of physical setting

    22. but after spending several months in prison for attending a political rally banned by the government he was reduced to nothing. He knew that if he returned home he would eventually be arrested again,

      cultural setting (government, time period)

    23. He was born in a small village in northern Ethiopia. He was thirty-two when he left his home for a port town in Sudan in order to come here.

      His father's journey.

    24. I had been teaching a course in Early American literature to privileged freshmen.

      The narrator's cultural setting (education and class are indicated here)

    25. Ethiopia, he died in a room in a boarding house in Peoria, Illinois,

      Two settings indicated here: Ethiopia and Illinois (already a contrast is being set up)

  2. Oct 2020
  3. Jun 2020
    1. That whatsoever he were which ministered unto me, his ill conditions could not hurt my faith, but in spirit I received nevertheless the body and blood of Christ.

      One argument that needs some explanation: Catholic theologians maintained that the transubstantiation of the communion wafer and wine into the body and blood of Christ occurred regardless of the state of mind or being of the priest administering the rite. Protestants, on the other hand, believed its efficacy was determined by the "state of grace" (or lack thereof) of the priest and congregant involved. In other words, an evil priest could transform ritual of Communion into the work of the devil.

  4. Apr 2020
    1. Signior Angelo

      Not mentioned elsewhere in the play, Angelus Sorianus was a Venetian sea captain who received the Venetian ambassador bearing from Constantinople the Turkish ultimatum to surrender Cyprus, shortly before its capture by the turks in 1571.

    2. Sagittary

      Perhaps indicating an inn named for the astrological sign Sagittarius, where Othello and Desdemona are staying. It may also suggest Othello himself, because Sagittarius is depicted as a centaur (half man, half horse) and Iago has already likened him to a "Barbary horse".

    3. Moor

      The official definition: A Muslim of mixed Berber and Arab origin inhabiting northwest Africa. This term, like the comparison of Othello to a "barbary horse" formerly led to a denial of Othello's blackness. But the passage describing his appearance ("black ram" "black Othello" "black/As mine own face") seem to have greater weight. In the Renaissance, "Moor" often meant sub-Saharan African.

    4. ancient

      A variant form of "ensign." Iago is something like a standard-bearer or third-in-command. He clearly ranks below "lieutenant" Cassio, the second-in-command. This reference to "his Moorship" is also the first indication of who Iago has been complaining about this whole time...

    5. A fellow almost damn’d in a fair wife

      Obscure. Cassio has not yet met Bianca and is unmarried (although in Shakespeare's source he is married). Perhaps Shakespeare's error, a reference to Cassio as a ladies' man, or an oblique anticipation of the main plot.

  5. Nov 2019
    1. The case against procreation need not rest on the view, for which I have been arguing, that coming into existence is always worse than never existing. It is enough to show that the risk of serious harm is sufficiently high.

      Because the risk is sufficiently high - we should still not procreate.

    2. Asking whether it would be better never to have existed is not the same as asking whether it would be better to die.

      There is no interest in coming into existence.

    3. They argue that although life does contain much that is bad, the bad things are necessary (in some or other way) for the good things

      Refutation/rebuttal

    4. there must be more bad than good

      Premise - there must be more bad than good (the worst pains are worse than the best pleasures)

      -many desires are never satisfied (further down)

    5. The suggestion that life is worse than most people think is often met with indignation. How dare I tell you how poor the quality of your life is! Surely the quality of your life is as good as it seems to you?

      refutation/rebuttal

    6. houghtful people should pause and reflect rather than hastily dismiss it

      He is referring to potential audience as "thoughtful" (or attempting to appeal to such an audience)

    1. . We need a revolution in the research and the practice of medicine, and we need it yesterday. We need to train doctors to listen to women, and to recognize that their inability to diagnose a woman may not be because she is lying or being hysterical: the problem may be the gender data gaps in their knowledge. It’s time to stop dismissing women, and start saving them.

      Main argument

    2. Male-dominated funding panels may also explain why we have so few drugs available for uterine failure. E

      Funding resources for research is determined largely by men.

    3. A particularly troubling side effect of Yentl syndrome is that when it comes to medical issues that mainly or only affect women, you can forget about including women in trials because here the research is often lacking altogether.

      No research into women's health.

    4. the average GP “has no idea that drugs such as paracetamol and morphine work differently in women.”

      pain medication works differently in men and women

    5. So why are more women being treated with antidepressants? Are women simply more “feeble-minded”? Does living in a world in which we don’t quite fit affect our mental health? Or are antidepressants the new (and obviously preferable) lobotomy for women dealing with trauma?

      Here she is pointing to deeper misogyny that may be affecting how women are perceived in medical settings (and in society generally).

    6. We no longer lock women up and cut out parts of their brains. Instead, we give women drugs: women are two and a half times more likely to be on antidepressants than men.

      The "conundrum of femininity" is now treated with pharmaceuticals.

    7. the traditional medical interview model may be unsuccessful in getting the information from women that is needed to diagnose them effectively.

      Because women "downplay their symptoms" they are less likely to get the care they need.

    8. The traditional advice of using condoms to avoid HIV infection is simply not practicable for many women who lack the social power to insist on their use.

      Not only is female anatomy and physiology not taken into account...neither is socialization which may account for lower rates of diagnosis among girls of ADHD and Austim Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

    9. When symptoms are listed in order of frequency for all patients rather than separated by sex, female-specific symptoms can be presented as less significant than they are in reality.

      key point about misdiagnosis across different conditions

    10. Assuming a woman gets lucky and has her heart disease diagnosed, she must then navigate the obstacle course of male-biased treatment:

      Then...if she doesn't die...she still has to be treated (and the treatments are also biased in favor of men

    11. The tests

      So far there are three reasons why the death rates are higher among women 1) common preventatives don't seem to work in women 2) doctors are less likely to spot the symptoms women present with 3) the tests doctors use (i.e. the physical stress test) are less conclusive in women